498 



LITERATURE, BRITISH, IN 1890. 



" Southwestern France " ; W. R. Lawson de- 

 scribed " Spain of To-day " ; and Oswald Craw- 

 furd supplied " Round the Calendar in Portu- 

 gal " ; as did Rev. Henry F. Tozier " The Isl- 

 ands of the ^Egean." " Devia Cypria,'' by D. 

 G. Hogarth, contained notes of his archjeological 

 journey in Cyprus in 1888. " Caught in the 

 Tropics " was a sequel to " In Pursuit of a 

 Shadow," by A Lady Astronomer. " Footsteps 

 of Dr. Johnson" (Scotland), edited by George 

 Birbeck Hill, was illustrated by Lancelot Speed ; 

 William Knight went "Through the Words- 

 worth Country ";. and Rev. A. J. Church de- 

 scribed "The "Laureate's Country." To W. J. 

 Loftie we owe " London City," its history, streets, 

 traffic, buildings, and people, illustrated by W. 

 Luker, Jr., from original drawings. 



Physical, Moral, and Intellectual Science. 

 In physical science we have : " The Philosophi- 

 cal Basis of Evolution," by James Croll ; " Mod- 

 ern Ideas of Evolution as related to Revelation 

 and Science," by Sir J. W. Dawson ; " Studies in 

 Evolution and Biology," by Alice Bodington ; 

 "Force as an Entity, with Stream, Pool, and 

 Wave Forms," by Lieut. -Col. W. Sedgwick, 

 R. E. ; " The Advancement of Science," occa- 

 sional essays and addresses of E. Ray Lankes- 

 ter ; " Through Magic Glasses," a sequel to " The 

 Fairyland of Science," by Arabella B. Buckley 

 (Mrs. Fisher) ; " The Autobiography of the 

 Earth," by Rev. H. N, Hutchinson ; a " Class- 

 Book of Geology," by Archibald Geikie; Vols. 

 II and III of a " Handbook of Descriptive and 

 Practical Astronomy," by George F. Chambers ; 

 " The Science of Metrology," by Hon. E. Noel ; 

 "Annals of Bird Life," by Charles Dixon, an 

 "Introduction to Fresh- Water Algfe, with an 

 Enumeration of all the British Species," by M. C. 

 Cooke ; " Animal Life and Intelligence," by C, 

 Lloyd Morgan ; " Curious Creatures in Zoology," 

 by J. Ashton ; and in the International Scientific 

 Series, " The Colors of Animals," by E. B. Poul- 

 ton, and " The Physiology of Bodily Exercise," 

 by Fernand Legrange. A most excellent and 

 necessary little volume was " The Town Dwell- 

 er : his "Needs and his Wants," by J. Milner 

 Fothergill, M. D. ; while additions to the " Con- 

 temporary Science Series " were : " The Origin of 

 the Aryans," by Isaac Taylor ; " Sanity and In- 

 sanity," by C. Mercier, M. D. ; " Evolution and 

 Disease," by J. Bland Sutton ; " The Criminal," 

 by Havelock Ellis : " The Village Community," 

 by G. L. Gomme ; " Electricity in Modern Life," 

 by G. W. De Tunzelman ; " Manual Training," 

 by C. M. Woodward ; and " Physiognomy and 

 Expression," by P. Mantegazza. Vol. IV was 

 reached of " Annals of Botany," edited by J. B. 

 Balfour, T. H. Vines, and W. G. Farlow, M. D., 

 and " Orchids, their Culture and Management" 

 were the subject of a volume by W. Watson and 

 W. Bean, with colored plates and numerous en- 

 gravings. " The Modern Rack " was a collection 

 of essays and speeches of Frances Power Cobbe 

 against vivisection, while "Pasteur and Rabies," 

 by Thomas M. Dolan, M. D., attacked the theory 

 of that specialist. A hundredth anniversary edi- 

 tfon of Mary Woolstonecraft's " Rights of Wom- 

 en." was published with an introduction by Mrs. 

 Henry Fawcett, and the other side of the ques- 

 tion was presented by Heber L. Hart, in " Wom- 

 en's Suffrage and National Danger," urging argu- 



ments hitherto comparatively neglected. Among 

 studies of social science : " In Darkest England 

 and the Way Out," by Gen. William Booth, of 

 the Salvation Army, created the most wide- 

 spread comment and criticism, as a practical at- 

 tempt to carry out Utopian theories; "Social- 

 ism, New and Old " was dwelt upon by W. Gra- 

 ham ; " Socialism in England," by Sidney Webb; 

 while G. Bernard Shaw edited " Fabian Essays 

 in Socialism." by various authorities; and W. 

 H. Dawson published " Bismarck and State So- 

 cialism," an exposition of the social and economic 

 legislation of Germany since 1870. "Principles 

 of Economics " were laid down by Alfred Mar- 

 shall ; "The Theory of Credit" was by H. D. 

 MacLeod, in two volumes; and A. Philip wrote 

 on " The Function of Labor in the Production 

 of Wealth." " Clubs for Working Girls " were 

 discussed by Maude Stanley, and " Political Pris- 

 ons at Home and Abroad," by G. Sigerson, with 

 an introductory letter by James Bryce. The 

 most important political work was that of Sir 

 Charles W. Dilke, " Problems of Greater Britain," 

 a new work, and by no means a revised edition of 

 his earlier " Greater Britain," and another vol- 

 ume, which aroused interest was " The Pope and 

 the New Era," by William T. Stead. Sir Fred- 

 erick Pollock published " An Introduction to the 

 History of the Science of Politics " and " Oxford 

 Lectures and other Discourses." J. A. Fox fur- 

 nished " A Key to the Irish Question," and 

 "Speeches on the Irish Question," by Joseph 

 Chamberlain, between 1887 and 1890, were col- 

 lected into a volume. " Things of India made 

 Plain," by W. Martin Wood, was continued, and 

 H. Waller supplied " Nyassaland, Great Britain's 

 Case against Portugal." " The New Education 

 Code for 1880-'91 " was by John Russell, and 

 Cardinal Manning's essays on " National Educa- 

 tion " during the past five years saw the light in 

 book form. " Notes on American Schools and 

 Training Colleges," by J. G. Fitch, are of inter- 

 est. "Commentaries on the Present Laws of 

 England," by Thomas Brett, was a valuable work, 

 and Sir J. F. Stephen presented "A General 

 View of the Criminal Law of England." " An 

 Epitome of the Synthetic Philosophy of Herbert 

 Spencer " was made by F. Howard Collins, re- 

 ducing that author's five thousand pages to five 

 hundred, with few deviations from his exact 

 words, the accuracy of the work being vouched 

 for by Mr. Spencer himself in an introduction. 

 Dr. Francis Warner published a course of lect- 

 ures " On the Growth and Means of Training the 

 Mental Faculty"; William Knight, "Essays in 

 Philosophy, Old and New " ; and Prof. F. Max 

 Miiller, " Three Lectures on the Science of Lan- 

 guage," given at the Oxford University Exten- 

 sion Meeting in 1889. "The Seat of Authority 

 in Religion," by James Martineau, expounds his 

 conception of Christianity in its double aspect 

 of an historical movement and a spiritual force 

 in an able and scholarly manner, while from Hon. 

 William E. Gladstone we have "The Impreg- 

 nable Rock of Holy Scripture." " Lux Mundi," 

 edited by Charles Gore, consisted of a series of 

 studies in the religion of the Incarnation by cler- 

 gymen of the English Church, and " The Wider 

 Hope" of essays and strictures on the doctrine 

 and literature of future punishment, by numer- 

 ous writers, lay and clerical, including Archdea- 



