LOUISIANA. 



505 



"Un Destripador de Antano." In natural sci- 

 ence no works of value have been brought out. 

 Translations from Oriental languages continue 

 to be made, as in previous years, and with fair 

 success. In bibliography Vols. Ill and IV of 

 Gallardo's " Ensayo de Una Bibliographie," have 

 been published, together with two prize essays. 

 Literary clubs or printing societies in the capi- 

 tal, as well as in the provinces, have shown 

 unusual activity. Their publications are of a 

 high order of merit, and do credit to the taste, 

 skill, and ability of those engaged in so praise- 

 worthy an undertaking. 



LOUISIANA, a Southern State, admitted to 

 the Union April 30, 1812; area 48,720 square 

 miles. The population, according to each decen- 

 nial census since admission, was 152,923 in 1820 ; 

 215 739 in 1830 ; 352,411 in 1840 ; 517,726 in 1850 ; 

 708^002 in 1860 ; 726,915 in 1870 ; 939,946 in 1880 ; 

 and 1,118,587 in 1890. Capital, Baton Rouge. 



GrOYernment. The following were the State 

 officers during the year: Governor, Francis T. 

 Nicholls, Democrat; Lieutenant-Governor, James 

 Jeffries; Secretary of State, Leonard F. Mason; 

 Treasurer, William H. Pipes ; Auditor, Ollie B. 

 Steele; Superintendent of Public Education, 

 Joseph A. Breaux, succeeded in July by William 

 H. Jack : Attorney-General, Walter H. Rogers ; 

 Commissioner of Agriculture, Thompson J. Bird ; 

 Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Edward Ber- 

 mudez ; Associate Justices, Felix P. Poche, suc- 

 ceeded by James A. Breaux, Samuel D. McEnery, 

 Charles E. Fenner, and Lynn B. Watkins. 



Population. The following table exhibits 

 the population of the State by parishes, as as- 

 certained by the national census of this year, 

 compared with similar figures for 1880 : 



* Decrease. 



Finances. The following is a summary of 

 *the operations of the State treasury for the bien- 

 nial period ending Jan. 1, 1890 : 



Balance in all funds, Jan. 1, 1888 $2.297.958 10 



Receipts during Ib88 2,139,698 24 



Total $4,487,656 34 



Disbursements during the year 1888 $4,197, 786 9 L 



Balance in all funds, Jan. 1, 1889 $239,869 43 



Receipts during 1889 2,120,026 70 



Total $2,359,896 13 



Disbursements during 1889 $2,105,741 98 



Balance in all funds, Jan. 1, 1890 $254,154 15 



The gratifying report is made by the Treasurer 

 that the revenues of 1889 derived from taxes, 

 licenses, etc., for that year will be amply suffi- 

 cient to meet the warrants drawn against them ; 

 and that, with reasonable economy by the Legis- 

 lature, there need be no future accumulation of 

 unpaid warrants. 



The following is a statement of the total debt 

 of the State on May 1, 1890: 



Consolidated bonds outstanding $11,541,900 00 



Constitutional bonds, in lieu of consolidated 



bonds 217,600 00 



Interest coupons outstanding 481,555 17 



Baby bonds and par certificates 1,288,6S2 52 



Fractional certificates 646 74 



Warrants issued on revenue of 1878 21.002 87 



Other outstanding warrants unpaid 882,494 36 



Total $14,433,881 16 



There are also outstanding warranty to the 

 value of $125.523.08. which are an indebtedness 

 of the State, but are receivable in payment of 

 back taxes only. 



From the irregularities of ex-Treasurer Burke 

 the State will lose a comparatively small sum. 

 The final statement of State bonds fraudulently 

 issued by him is as follows: Consolidated bonds, 

 supposed to be canceled or destroyed, $303,600; 

 constitutional bonds, issuable only in exchange 

 for certain consolidated bonds, $70,000; baby 

 bonds, supposed to be canceled, $421.935; total, 

 $795,535. By the unlawful sale of these bonds 

 the ex-Treasurer secured large sums of money, 

 which he converted to his own use. The law is, 

 however, well settled that the State is not re- 

 sponsible for these wrong-doings, and that the 

 bonds wrongfully issued are not legal obligations 

 of the State. The United States Supreme Court, 

 in a similar case, has declared that "the Gov- 



