686 



OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (PALLOTI POXTMARTIN.) 



Palloti, Luigi, an Italian prelate, born in 1829 ; died 

 in Rome, July 31, 1890. He was nominated a cardi- 

 nal deacon by Leo XIII in 1887, and was appointed 

 prefect of the Papal Segnatura. 



Parker, William Kitchen, an English naturalist, born 

 in Lincolnshire in 1823; died in Cardiff, July 3, 1890. 

 He was the son of a farmer, and had no early educa- 

 tional advantages, but was attracted to the study of 

 the anatomical structure of animals and of plants. 

 Continuing his observations while a druggist's clerk 

 and a surgeon's assistant, he became assistant to Prof. 

 Todd in King's College, obtained a medical diploma 

 in 1849, and engaged in practice while still engrossed 

 in original scientific work. In 1857 he began to pub- 

 lish, in conjunction with Prof. .Rupert Jones, a series 

 of papers in the " Annals and Magazine of Natural 

 History" on the parallel polymorphism of the species 

 of foraminifera. Between 1869 and 1874, when he 

 was appointed Professor of Comparative Anatomy in 

 the Royal College of Surgeons, he published mono- 

 graphs on the skulls of the chicken, the frog, the sal- 

 mon, and the pig. The Royal, Zoological, and Lin- 

 naean societies published more than 20 memoirs that 

 were illustrated by many hundred plates from his 

 drawings, but his style of exposition renders them un- 

 intelligible to the lay reader. A part of his work, made 

 more lucid with the help of his friend G. T. Bettany, 

 was published under the title of " Morphology of 

 Skulls" (London, 1877). His Hunterian lectures for 

 1884 on u Mammalian Descent" were also printed in a 

 volume (1885). 



Pasi, Count Eaffaele, an Italian soldier, born in 

 Faenza, Dec. 19, 1819 ; died in Rome, Jan. 7, 1890. 

 He was a follower of Mazzini in his youth, and when 

 scarcely twenty years old fought in the Tuscan civic 

 guard against the Papal soldiery. After two months 

 of imprisonment he escaped to France, and was con- 

 demned to death in contumaciam. In 1848 he re- 

 turned, raised a battalion of students and other pa- 

 triots, and on the field of Vicenzu performed marvels 

 of bravery. Through the influence of Cavour he 

 adopted monarchical views and entered the regular 

 Piedmontese service. In the campaigns of 1859 and 

 1860 he went into every fight at the head of his troops 

 and showed an utter contempt for death. In 1866 he 

 saved the Italian army at Custozza from a disastrous 

 rout by attacking the enemy with his regiment of infan- 

 try with such impetuosity that they were brought to 

 a -halt long enough for the Italian center to reform and 

 retreat in good order. Two thirds of his regiment 

 were killed, and yet with the remnant he covered the 

 retreat, supporting several attacks. Cavour and Ri- 

 casoli sent him on political missions several times. 

 In 1870, when the province of Belletri was incor- 

 porated in the kingdom, he was appointed civil and 

 military governor. He was elected to the Chamber, 

 and later was nominated a Senator. In 1882 King 

 Umberto made Gen. Pasi his aide-de-camp. 



Peacock, Sir Barnes, an English jurist, born in Lon- 

 don in 1810 ; died there, Dec. 3, 1890. He was the son 

 of a solicitor, entered the Temple at the age of eight- 

 een, and practiced as a special pleader for five or six 

 years before being admitted as a barrister in 1835. He 

 became known as an acute lawyer, and in 1843 be 

 gained a great reputation by raising, in his argument 

 as junior counsel, the point on which chiefly the House 

 of Lords quashed the sentence of a year's imprisonment 

 passed upon Daniel O'Connell and his associates. 

 The point was that the verdict was given generally on 

 the whole of the indictment, which contained some 

 counts that were not good in law with others that were 

 good. In 1852 he was appointed a legal member of 

 the Supreme Council of India, and performed an im- 

 portant part of the work of codifying English law for 

 India. In 1859 he was made V ice-President of the 

 Legislative Council and was knighted. In 1862 he 

 became Chief Justice of the High Court of Bengal. 

 The learning and acumen with which he interpreted 

 the codes he had assisted in preparing, and defined 

 and applied native customary law make his decisions 

 a valuaole source of information for students of Indian 



jurisprudence. He returned to England in 1870, and 

 in 1872 became a member of the judicial committee 

 of the Privy Council. 



Pecci, Giuseppe, an Italian prelate, born in Carpineto, 

 Dec. 13, 1807 ; died in Rome, Feb. 8, 1890. He be- 

 longed to the family of the Counts Pecci, being the 

 brother of Pope Leo XIII. Devoting himself early 

 to philosophical and theological studies, he entered 

 the Jesuit College at Viterbo with his younger brother, 

 and in 1825 was received into the Society of Jesus. 

 After the restoration of the Papal dominion in 1849 

 Pius IX appointed him Professor of Philosophy in the 

 University of Rome. When his brother ascended the 

 Papal throne he was nominated vice-librarian of the 

 Church, and on May 12, 1879, he was chosen a cardinal 

 of the order of deacons. He was appointed to preside 

 over the congregation of studies, but failing health 

 soon compelled niih to resign. Cardinal Pecci was a 

 learned theologian and deeply versed in Church his- 

 tory, and was an earnest promoter of the religious 

 science of St. Thomas Aquinas. 



Perry, Stephen Joseph, an English astronomer, born 

 in London, Aug. 26, 1833 ; died in Dublin, Jan. 4, 

 1890. He was educated in the English college at 

 Douai, studied mental philosophy at Rome, entered 

 the Society of Jesus in November, 1853, and after- 

 ward studied mathematics at Stonyhurst and in Lon- 

 don and Paris. In 1860 he became director of the 

 meteorological and astronomical observatory at Stonv- 

 hurst College. The duties of this post occupied his 

 attention during the rest of his life, his mind being 

 taken from his favorite subjects only to prepare him- 

 self for the priesthood by four years of theological 

 study. In 1868 Father Perry and Father W. Sid- 

 greaves, another member of his order, made a mag- 

 netic survey of the west of France, and in the follow- 

 ing year they completed the work by a survey of the 

 eastern districts. He was elected a member of the 

 Royal Society in 1874, and for several years he was a 

 member^of the councils of the Astronomical and Me- 

 teorological societies. In 1870 he was appointed chief 

 of the expedition sent to Cadiz by the British Govern- 

 ment to observe the total eclipse of the sun. In the 

 summer of 1871 he made a magnetic survey of Belgi- 

 um. In 1874 the Admiralty Board selected the Rev. 

 S. J. Perry to direct the expedition sent to Kerguelen 

 Island to observe the transit of Venus. In 1882 he 

 was sent out with Father Sidgreaves to take observa- 

 tions of the second transit of Venus in Madagascar, 

 where he also made magnetic observations. In the 

 later period of his life he studied solar physics. 



Pirmez, Eudore, a Belgian statesman, born in 1828 ; 

 died March 2, 1890. He was elected a Deputy for 

 Charleroi in 1857, and took his seat with the Liberal 

 majority, over which his talents and his character soon 

 gave him a strong influence. In the conflict over the 

 schools he took a moderate and conciliatory attitude. 

 In January, 1868, he entered the reconstituted Cabi- 

 net of Frere-Orban as Minister of the Interior. lie 

 represented Belgium twice in the conferences of the 

 Latin Monetary Union, was King Leopold's adviser 

 in the African enterprise, was sent to Paris to negoti- 

 ate with France a delimitation of the boundary in the 

 Mobangi region, and soon afterward was called to the 

 presidency^!' the Superior Council of the Congo. 



Pontmartin, Count Armand de, a French author, born 

 near Avignon, July 16, 1811 ; died there, March 29, 

 1890. He was descended from a family^ distinguished 

 in the magistracy, studied at the College St. Louis, 

 became in 1833 a writer for the " Gazette du Midi," 

 founded the " Album d' Avignon," and made a na- 

 tional reputation by his " Causeries provinciales," 

 published in " La Quotidienne." His most famous 

 work is " Jeudis de Madame Charbonneau." He was 

 for twenty-three years feuilletonists for the " Gazette 

 de France," writing more than 1,500 articles, many 

 of which were reprinted in book form. He was a 

 stanch Catholic and Legitimist and a caustic critic 

 of Balzac and George Sand, and more recently of 

 Zola, and was generally esteemed as a fair and con- 

 scientious writer. 



