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SOUTH DAKOTA. 



favors the resubmission of the prohibition ques- 

 tion to a vote of the people; opposes woman suf- 

 frage ; favors a service pension to all deserving 

 veterans of the national army; advocates the 

 maintenance of the common schools at the high- 

 est point of excellence ; and arraigns Gov. Mel- 

 lette of having disgraced the State by organizing 

 bands of beggars and advertising it as an arid 

 waste peopled by paupers. 



On July 9 the State convention of the Inde- 

 pendent party met at Huron and made the fol- 

 lowing nominations: For Governor, H. P. 

 Loucks, the President of the^ State Farmers' 

 Alliance; for Lieutenant-Governor, A. L. Van 

 Osdel ; for Secretary of State, H. M. Hanson ; 

 for Treasurer, Frank B. Roberts; for Auditor, 

 J. R. Lowe ; for Attorney-General, S. W. Co- 

 sand ; for Superintendent of Public Instruction, 

 Eugene A. Dye ; for Commissioner of School 

 and Public Lands, F. F. Meyer; for Commis- 

 sioner of Labor, W. L. Johnson ; for Members 

 of Congress, Fred C. Zipp and F. A. Leavitt. 



The Republican State Convention met at 

 Mitchell, on Aug. 27, and nominated the follow- 

 ing ticket : For Governor, Arthur C. Mellette ; 

 for Lieutenant-Governor, George H. Hoffman ; 

 for Secretary of State, A. 0. Ringsrud ; for 

 Treasurer, W. W. Taylor; for Auditor, L. C. 

 Taylor; for Attorney-General, Robert Dollard ; 

 for Superintendent of Public Education, Cortez 

 Salmon ; for Commissioner of School and Pub- 

 lic Lands, Thomas H. Ruth ; for Commissioner 

 of Labor, R. A. Smith ; for Members of Con- 

 gress, John R. Gamble and J. A. Pickler. The 

 platform favors a service pension law, and a law 

 by which " the entire product of onr silver 

 mines" may be utilized as money, denounces 

 "trusts," and further declares : 



We urge upon the General Government to extend 

 prompt and liberal aid to the practical establishment 

 of a system of irrigation by means of artesian wells 

 within the artesian basin of this State. 



We recognize the right of labor to organize for its 

 protection. 



We favor the Australian ballot system, or such elec- 

 tion laws as will guarantee to every voter the greatest 

 secrecy in the casting of his ballot. 



Prohibition being'adopted by a vote of the people 

 as a part of the fundamental law of the State, we 

 pledge the party to its faithful and. honest enforce- 

 ment. 



Before the election the name of F. W. Clark 

 was substituted for that of C. M. Thomas for 

 Member of Congress on the Democratic ticket. 

 In the canvass the new Independent party 

 showed unexpected activity, attracting large 

 numbers of the agricultural class to its support ; 

 but, although its growth was largely at the ex- 

 pense of the Republican party, the strength of 

 that party was so great that its entire ticket was 

 elected by a considerable majority. For Gov- 

 ernor the vote was: Mellette, 34,487; Taylor, 

 18,484; Loucks, 24,591. For members of Con- 

 gress the following vote was cast : Gamble, 

 35,553 ; Pickler, 35.456 ; Clark, 17,527 ; Quigley, 

 17,766; Leavitt, 24.907; Zipp, 24,805. Three 

 constitutional amendments submitted to the 

 people at this time were defeated. On the 

 amendment to increase the State debt limit to 

 $500.000, in addition to the Territorial debt, the 

 vote was : yes, 22,700 ; no, 53,619 ; on the amend- 



SPAIN. 



78* 



ment to permit woman suffrage . the vote wan* 

 yes, 24,072: no, 45,<;s>.> : and on th.- amendment 

 excluding certain Indians from the suffrage to 

 vote was : yes, 29,053 ; no, 39,622. For permanent 

 location of the State capital, the oil v of Pierre r. - 

 ceived 41 ,896 votes, and the city of llim.i. 



Members of the Legislature were eh. 

 follows: Senate, Republicans 23, I)em 

 Independents 14; House, Republicans <!' 

 ocrats 19, Independents 45. 



SPAIN, a constitutional monarchy in southern 

 Europe. The royal prerogative is exercised dur- 

 ing the minority of King Alfonso XIII. Urn 

 May 17, 1886, the posthumous son of Alfonso 

 XII, who died Nov. 25,' 1885, by the Queen moth- 

 er, Maria Christina, daughter of the late Arch- 

 duke Karl Ferdinand, of Austria, who took the 

 oath as Queen-Regent on Nov. 26, 1885. to serve 

 during the minority of her daughter, Maria de 

 las Mercedes, who was declared Queen on her 

 father's death, and on the birth of a male heir 

 took a new oath to act as Regent for the King, 

 who succeeded his sister by right of his birth. 

 The Cabinet of ministers at the opening of the 

 year was composed of the following members: 

 President of the Council, Mateo Sagasta : Minis- 

 ter of Foreign Affairs, Marquis de Vega de 

 Arrnijo; Minister of Justice, J. Canalejas : Min- 

 ister of Marine, Admiral Arias : Minister of Fi- 

 nance, V. Gonzalez ; Minister of War, Gen. Chin- 

 chilla ; Minister of the Interior, Ruiz Capdepon ; 

 Minister of Commerce and Agriculture, Count 

 de Xiquena ; Minister of the Colonies, M. Becerra. 



Area and Population. Continental Spain 

 has an area of 191, 100 square miles, and its popu- 

 lation in 1887 was 16.945,786. Including the 

 Canary and Balearic Islands and minute terri- 

 tories on the north and west coast of Africa 

 that form an integral part of the kingdom, the 

 entire area is 197.670 square miles, and the popu- 

 lation present at the time of the census was 17.- 

 550,246, the legal population being 17,650,234. 

 There were only 25,824 resident foreigners. 



Finances. The budget estimates for the year 

 ending June 30, 1891, make the total revenue 

 805,551.387 pesetas or francs, and the expendi- 

 ture 810,663,413. Of the receipts, 269,549.110 

 pesetas are the produce of direct taxes, 298,- 

 985,000 of customs, 170.856,000 of stamps and 

 state monopolies, 35.571,277 of receipts from 

 national property, and 30,590,000 of other sources 

 of income. The disbursements are distributed 

 under the various heads, as follow: Civil list, 

 9 500,000 pesetas : Legislature, 1,749,205 pesetas ; 

 public debt, 282,803,189 pesetas; judicial ex- 

 penses, 1,888.733 pesetas; indemnities and pen- 

 sions, 52,481,545 pesetas: presidency of the 

 Council of Ministers, 1,384,217 pesetas; Ministry 

 of Foreign Affairs, 5,160,692 pesetas; Ministry 

 of Justice, 56,758,958 pesetas ; Ministry of \\:ir. 

 146220530 pesetas: Ministry of the Interior. 

 29,167.393 pesetas; Ministry of Marine, i 

 598 pesetas; Ministry of Public \\orks. 6 

 724 pesetas; Ministry of Finance, 10,104,714 

 pesetas : costs of collection of taxes and revenues, 

 84',085,915 pesetas. 



The amount of the public debt on Jan. l.irav, 

 was 6257,268.482. paving interest, mostly a 

 percent/of the amount 'of 235.124.811 pesetas 

 The floating debt on Aug. 1, 1890, was nearly 

 270,000,000 pesetas. 



