788 



STEAMERS, OCEAN, SPEED OF. 



run in 7 days, 5 hours, 7 minutes, and gained the 

 name of " Greyhound of the Atlantic." She 

 thus became the first of the seven-day boats. She 

 was followed closely by the " Alaska," in 1882, 

 which carried the first load of passengers that 

 ever left Europe on Sunday and landed in New 

 York on the following Sunday. A sharp contest 

 then took place between several of the rival lines. 

 The ''Alaska" and the "Arizona" were owned 

 by the Guion Line ; the Cunard Line built the 

 "'Umbria" and the "Etruria " ; the North Ger- 

 man Lloyd Line built the " Elbe," the " Saale," 

 the " Trave," and the " Lahn " ; the Anchor 

 Line had just completed the " City of Rome"; 

 the Compagnie Generale Transatlantique built 

 the " Bourgoyne " and the " Champagne " ; the 

 Inman Line built the " City of New York " and 

 the " City of Paris " ; and the Hamburg Packet- 

 Line Company built the "Columbia" and the 

 "Augusta Victoria." In 1889 the White Star 

 Line built the " Teutonic " and the " Majestic." 

 The several steps by which the time has been 

 reduced between New York and Queenstown, 

 New York and Southampton, and New York and 

 Liverpool may be seen by the tables below. The 

 record from Queenstown to New York was closed 

 for 1888 by a victory for the " Etruria." In May, 

 1889, the " City of Paris " reduced the time by 

 several hours ; but in the same month the swift 

 passage of the " Augusta Victoria " from South- 

 ampton to New York gave some reason for the 

 claim that, on a calculation of the same speed, 

 she could have made the distance from Queens- 

 town to New York in 5 days, 22 hours, 30 min- 

 utes, as against the 5 days, 23 hours, 7 minutes 

 of the " City of Paris." While the controversy 

 was still going on, the " City of Paris " arrived 

 in New York, in August, having made the run 

 from Queenstown in 5 days, 19 hours, 18 min- 

 utes. A year later, in August, 1890, the " Teu- 

 tonic " made the trip in 5 days 19 hours and 5 

 minutes, which is the best record that has been 

 made down to the present writing. The " City 

 of Paris " has held the best record for the east- 

 ward passage, New York to Queenstown, since 

 December, 1889. 



The following table shows the noteworthy 

 passages : 



NEW YORK TO QUEENSTOWN; AVERAGE DISTANCE, 

 2,850 MILES. 



QUEENSTOWN TO NEW YORK. 



SOUTHAMPTON TO NEW YORK. 



The average distance covered between New 

 York and Antwerp is 3,250 miles. Steamers cross 

 in from 10 to 12 days, but the eastern trip has 

 been made in 9 days, 10 hours, 50 minutes. The 

 average distance between New York and Havre 

 is 3,150 miles. The best passages in both direc- 

 tions are about 7 days, 12 hours. The pass.-ige 

 between New York and Brest was made, in 1887, 

 in 7 days, 8 hours, 29 minutes. Other quick 

 passages on record are the following : Philadel- 

 phia to Queenstown, 1873, " Ohio," 10 days, 23 

 hours ; 1876, " Illinois," 8 days, 18 hours, 30 min- 

 utes: Queenstown to Philadelphia, 1873, "Ohio," 

 9 days, 8 hours, 40 minutes ; San Francisco to 

 New York, 1865, "Colorado," 61 days, 21 hours, 

 4 minutes; San Francisco to Yokohama, "City 

 of Peking," 15 days, 9 hours; Yokohama to S;m 

 Francisco, " Oceanic," 13 days, 14 hours ; 1882, 

 "Arabic," 13 days, 21 hours, 43 minutes; 1889, 

 December, "China," 12 days, 11 hours. 



The splendid run made by the " City of Paris " 

 in August, 1889, was made up of the following 

 for each day; First day, 432 miles; second d;iy, 

 493 miles ; third day, 502 miles ; fourth day, 506 

 miles; fifth day, 509 miles; sixth day, 346 miles ; 

 total, 2,788 miles. The run of the "Columbia " 

 in April, 1889, was as follows: First day, 153 

 miles; second day, 443 miles; third day, 461 

 miles; fourth day, 465 miles; fifth day, 464 

 miles; sixth day, 450 miles; seventh day, 169 

 miles. 



