TYPE-WRITERS. 



JIB 



the type bar. The type bars and the key levers 

 are connected by a strong wire link. The key- 

 board is arranged with reference to the rapid 

 action of the fingers, and the spacer is placed 

 in the middle of the key-board, nearest to the 

 forefinger. The type bars, when not in action 

 lie horizontally and form a semicircle. They 

 are pivoted to a flat steel ear and ground to a 

 close fit. The ears are milled into a metal frame, 

 and held in place by a screw, easily reached, thus 

 securing facility of adjustment in setting the 

 alignment. The type are of steel and have a 

 milled stem, which is driven into a close-fitting 

 socket in the bar. The tape hangs perpendicu- 

 larly across the roll, not, as on other machines, 

 parallel with the roll, and, as the tape is narrow^ 

 only the last letter is covered while writing. 

 The entire writing can be exposed to view by 

 touching a spring that withdraws the tape from 

 the roll. As the tape runs at a right angle with 

 the roll, the sheet is never soiled by the type 

 stroke. The carriage is upright, and it is sup- 

 ported by wheels rolling freely on a steel rod, 

 and is held in position by its own weight. 



The Young Type-Writer. In December, 

 1883, Josiah L. Young, of New York city, took 

 out letters-patent on a small machine, which was 

 put on the market a few months later. It 

 is on a wooden base, is about 12 inches long, 

 6 inches wide, 5 inches high, and weighs 4 

 pounds. The printing apparatus is in a car- 

 riage sustaining several disks, the lower of 

 which rotates, and around its edge are the char- 

 acters electrotyped from printers' type. On 

 the upper disk is an index card. A handle con- 

 nects with a post running down to the type disk, 

 which revolves. The edge of the upper disk is 

 raised and notched opposite the several charac- 

 ters, and the printing is accomplished by putting 

 the handle in one of the notches and' pressing 

 down. The entire carriage falls, being hinged 

 on the front horizontal bar, and held up by a 

 spring, which returns it from each impression. 

 An automatic ratchet action moves the carriage 

 along over another space. The paper is put on 

 a roller, and held by a clip of metal, moving 

 forward a line when a turn is made on the but- 

 ton at the left end. The ink is supplied by felt 

 rollers which are held against the line of type 

 on the under disk. 



The Sun Type- Writer is the joint invention 

 of Lee S. Burridge and Newman R. Marshman, 

 both of New York city. There were two patents, 

 both granted on April 7, 1885. The machine is 

 built on the principle of the stylus or single key, 

 to which all the type are attached. The appa- 

 ratus is on a wooden base, weighing altogether 

 4| pounds. It is 12 inches long, 8 inches wide, 

 and 3J inches high, and holds paper 8 inches in 

 width. The impressions are made direct from 

 the stylus. The fingers are placed upon the 

 handle of the slide, moved till the index point 

 covers the requisite letter, and then pressed 

 upon. By the return of the spring action, 

 which follows the movement of the stylus, the 

 letter spacing is given. The paper is inserted 

 behind a kid-covered roller, and held against it 

 by a metal clip in front and a wire above. Ink 

 is supplied from several small felt rollers held at 

 the perforations under the type slide. But one 

 alphabet is used, and one style of type. 



The World Type-Wrlter.-Tho patent f,, r 

 this was issued Oct. 12, 1880, to J,,| m geSef, ,,f 



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The base is 

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THE WORLD TVI 



complication of metal, in skeleton form, stand- 

 ing 3 inches high. There are two di>ks or seg- 

 ments, one in front containing the ind.-\ ], 

 the other in the rear. The type i> c;,,t j,, n ,|,_' 

 ber, and movable by an index finger playinir 

 over a lettered board. The paper is fed in from 

 the front, over a rubber cylinder, and held in 

 place by a comb spring. The irnpres>ion i> giv.-n 

 by placing the index finger over its appropriate 

 character, then with the first finger of the l,.ft 

 hand gently pressing on the upper horizontal 

 bar, which extends across the inst rument. The 

 writing, as fast as made, is in open view. Spac- 

 ing is done by the pressure of the second finder 

 of the left hand on the spacing bar. A milled 

 head adjusts the paper and the spacing between 

 the lines. At the moment of impact, a locking 

 apparatus binds the letter so that the alignment 

 is accurate. The inking is done by two pad-, 

 one on either side of the point of impact, and 

 every downward movement renews the supply. 

 A sheet of paper to the width of 9i inches, and 

 of any length, can be used. The instriinn-nt is 

 fitted with adjustable type plates, thus affording- 

 any style or language. 



The Herrington or Pocket Type-Writer. 

 This is an extremely small instrument, weigh- 

 ing but half a pound. The 46 characters are 

 held in a wheel, and paper of the ordinary 

 is used. Its great merit is that it can be so ad- 

 justed as to be used in any part of the pages of 

 a bound book. 



Type-Writer Paper. Type-writing ma- 

 chines ordinarily carry paper the width of half- 

 letter, or about 8| inches. The Hammond tak< s 

 any width. Half-note sheets are preferably 

 turned so as to receive the lines the long way of 

 the sheet, and printed headings are set to corre- 

 spond. Where many copies of a letter are to be 

 taken, a stiff, hard paper is required, and this 

 kind also copies best in books. Ruled paper is 

 not desirable, for the machine makes its own 

 line, and the spacing between the lines seldom if 

 ever corresponds with the ruled spacing. 



Type-Writer Inks, have a glycerin body, 

 and usually are dyed with anilines. Purple is the 

 brightest and most penetrating hue, and is the 

 most frequently used. The colors fade accord- 

 to the exposure to light. An impression may 

 fade in an hour or two if exposed to a bright 

 sunlight, while in the dark it may endure for 

 years. Ribbons of all colors are prepared, the 

 " indelible copyable " having the preference. 



Manifolding. By the use of carbon paper, or 

 manifold sheets, several copies can be taken at 

 one working. Care must be used in arranging 

 the sheets, else the mislaid sheet, as well as ita- 



