ATJSTBIA-HUNGABY. 



67 



the 2 vice-governors. 1 should be an Austrian 

 ami 1 a Hungarian. Each Government would ap- 

 point 3 directors, whose salary was iixed at 6,000 

 florins; and the remainder of the board, to consist 

 \u-trians and 3 Hungarians, were to be elected 

 by the shareholders. After 3 per cent, has bn-n 

 earned on the share capital it will be divided 

 among the shareholders. Earnings above that will 

 be divided equally between the shareholders and the 

 rnments until 6 per cent, has been distributed 

 ig the former. Of the surplus above 7 pel- 

 cent., three quarters goes to the governments. 



The profits earned by the bank in 1895 amounted 

 to more than 7.000,000" florins, out of which, under 

 the existing arrangement, a total dividend of about 

 r cent, was paid to stockholders, leaving a sur- 

 plus of above 330,000 florins to be divided between 

 the Austrian and Hungarian governments after 

 103.000 florins had been set aside for the pension 

 fund. The total business of the bank for the 

 twelve months amounted to 2.532,000,000 florins, 

 221,000,000 florins more than in the preceding year. 



Under the new charter the bank will have to 

 give guarantees regarding its ability to fulfill the 

 obligations devolving upon it, and regarding the 

 financial support to be given by it to the govern- 

 ments in return for the privileges granted. The 

 powers of the Government commissioner are to be 

 enlarged. 



The Army. The Austro-Hungarian army con- 

 sists of 15 army corps, containing as a rule 2 divi- 

 sions of 2 brigades each. The term of service in the 

 line is three years from the age of twenty-one, after 

 which the men belong to the reserve for seven years. 

 The Ersatz reserve is made up of those who are not 

 drawn for active service. Another class is enrolled 

 in the Austrian Landwehror the Hungarian Honved, 

 in which the term of service is twelve years, except 

 for such as are transferred from the regular army, 

 who serve two years. The Landwehr in time of 

 peace is only called out for instruction and drill, 

 and in time of war the command of the Emperor- 

 King is necessary for its mobilization. It has its 

 Ersatz reserve, from which in time of war its ranks 

 are filled when depleted, as those of the standing 

 army are from its own supplementary reserve. The 

 peace strength of the whole army in 1895 is shown 

 in the following table : 



The total number of horses is 63,323. of which 

 42.*40 belong to the regular cavalry and 12.112 to 

 the field artillery. The annual recruit of the army 

 is 103.100: of the Austrian Landwehr, 10,500: of 

 the Honved. 12.500. The strength of the army on 

 a war footing is 45.238 officers and 1.826.940 men, 

 with 281.ss(> horses. The field artillery has 1,048 

 guns in peace and 1.864 for war. 



The Navy. The Austro-Hungarian navy is de- 

 signed for the defense of the small seacoast and the 

 Danube, where a fleet of monitors is maintained. 



There are 2 first-class. 1 second-class, and 2 third- 

 class battle ships : s monitors : :! first -class. 2 second- 

 class, and 33 small cruisers : and 24 first-class. 5 sec- 

 ond-cla.-s. and 2(! third-class torpedo boats. Three 

 new battle ships of the first class, with lOf-inch 

 armor, a speed of 174/ knots, and 4 24-centimetre 

 guns in the main battery, are now building. The 

 personnel of the navy cousins of 628 officers. 7.040 

 sailors, and 4.500 marines. Conscripts assigned to 

 the marine corps serve four years and afterward 

 five years in the reserve and three in the Seewehr. 

 which corresponds to the Landwehr. 



Commerce and Production. Austria is mainly 

 an agricultural country, though there are impor- 

 tant mining interests also and highly developed 

 industries, some of which have felt German compe- 

 tition in recent times. In Hungary what manufac- 

 turing industries there are have been a short time 

 in existence. The coal product of Austria is valued 

 at 67,000,000 florins, in Hungary at 14.000,000 flor- 

 ins : the iron output in Austria ;it 24.000,000 florins, 

 in Hungary at 12,000,000 florins. Silver, lead, and 

 copper are mined in both countries ; in Austria 

 quicksilver and zinc also, and in Hungary gold. 

 Half the textile workers of Austria and more than 

 half of those employed in making glassware and 

 pottery are in Bohemia. The tilled lands in Aus- 

 tria make about 37 per cent, of the whole surface, 

 in Hungary 43 per cent. : pasture and meadow 24 

 per cent, in each : and woods 33 per cent, in Austria 

 and 27 per cent, in Hungary. Austria in 1894 pro- 

 duced 29.938,000 hectolitres of rye, 38.659,000 of 

 oats, 21.321.000 of barley, 16.982.000 of wheat. 67.- 

 255.000 of sugar beets, and 96,074.000 of potatoes. 

 Hungary in 1893 raised 58.726.000 hectolitres of 

 wheat, 25.282,000 of oats. 22.537.000 of barley, 20,- 

 740.000 of rye, and 52.983,000 of maize. Horses, 

 cattle, and sheep are exported from both countries. 

 There is a considerable export of wheat when the 

 crop is abundant, a steady export of barley, and a 

 large export of wine, especially from Hungary. 

 Silk culture has been introduce'd by the Govern- 

 ment in both Austria and Hungary. There are 

 4.000 pupils in the agricultural schools of Austria 

 and 2,000 in Hungary. Practical forestry is taught 

 in schools of various grades. A large staff is em- 

 ployed in the administration of the forests, which 

 cover 9,775.000 hectares in Austria, mainly pine 

 forest, and 7,582.000 hectares in Hungary, for the 

 most part beech and oak. The value of the exports 

 of timber from Hungary is 24,000,000 florins a year. 



The total value of imports of merchandise into 

 the Austro-Hungarian customs union in 1894 was 

 700,000,000 florins, an increase of 30,000.000 florins 

 over the preceding year, and of 280.000,000 florins 

 since 1890. The value of the merchandise ex- 

 ported was 795.500,000 florins, which was 10.000.000 

 less than in 1893, but greater than in any other 

 year. The principal imports were : Cotton. 52.000,- 

 000 florins: coffee. 37.200.000 florins: wool. 36.000.- 

 000 florins : coal, 30,700.000 florins : grain. 24.300.000' 

 florins: machinery. 22.^00.000 florins: woolen yarn, 

 21,300,000 florins ;* hides and furs. 20.700.000 florins ; 

 silk. 19,400,000 florins; leather. 18.2nO.000 florins: 

 books and newspapers, 16,700.000 florins: cotton 

 yarn. 16.500.000 florins: leaf tobacco, 15,000,000' 

 florins; cattle. 13.300,000 florins: woolen manu- 

 factures, 13,100.000 florins : silk manufactures, 12.- 

 5oi i.OOO florins: hardware and clocks. 11,200.000 

 florins ; colors and tans, 9,300.000 florins : manu- 

 factured tobacco, 8,100,000 florins. The values of 

 the chief exports were: Cattle. 83.100.000 florins: 

 sugar, 73.400.000 florins: timber. 61.800.000 florins: 

 grain. 61.500.000 florins: ergs, 37.900,000 florins; 

 coal. 29.800.000 florins : hardware. 21.900,000 florins : 

 gloves. 19.800.000 florins: irlass and glassware. 19.- 

 300,000 florins; wood manufactures, 18,300,000' 



