98 



('.MM-: COLONY AND SOUTH AFRICA. 



vast undeveloped German protectorates of Nama- 

 ([ualund and Dnmaraland extend from the Orange 

 river to the confines of the Portuguese colony of 

 Angola. 



Caiic Colony. The Legislative Council, of , 

 members, elected for seven years, is presided over 

 by the Chief .Justice. The House of Assembly has 

 76 members, elected by urban and rural districts 

 for five years. Any adult male citizen has a vote 

 who occupies a house or lodging or has a salary of 

 L'")U a year, if lie can register liis name, occupation, 

 and address with his own hand. Voting has been 

 .done by ballot since 1894. 



The Governor of the Cape of Good Hope and 

 High ( '< >mmissioner for South Africa is Sir Hercules 

 George Robert Robinson, appointed in 1895. The 

 ministry in the beginning of 1896 consisted of the 

 following members: Prime Minister and Secretary 

 for Native Affairs, Cecil J. Rhodes; Colonial Secre- 

 tary, P. H. Faure; Colonial Treasurer, Sir J. Gor- 

 don Sprigg; Attorney-General, W. Z. Schreiner ; 

 Secretary for Agriculture. John Frost; Commis- 

 sioner of Public Works, John Laing. The Chief 

 Justice is Sir J. II. de Villiers. On Jan. 6 Mr. 

 Rhodes resigned and a new ministry was consti- 

 tuted as follows: Prime Minister and Treasurer, 

 Sir J. Gordon Sprigg; Attorney-General, Sir 

 Thomas Upington ; Commissioner of Public Works, 

 Sir James Sivewright; Secretary for Agriculture, 

 P. II. Faure; Colonial Secretary, Dr. T. N. G. Te 

 Water. 



Area and Population. The area of Cape Col- 

 ony, including the former Crown colony of British 

 Bechuanaland, incorporated in the colony in August, 

 1895, is 282,081 square miles. Cape Colony proper, 

 with an area of 191,416 square miles, had in 1891, 

 the year of the last census, a population of 336,938 

 Europeans and 619,547 native and colored, showing 

 an annual increase during a period of sixteen years 

 of 2'04 per cent., the rate for the white population 

 alone being 2'64 per cent. Griqualand West, now 

 politically incorporated in the colony, has an area 

 of 15,197 square miles, with a population of 29,670 

 whites and 53,705 native and colored. The depend- 

 encies are : East Griqualand, 7,594 square miles in 

 area, with 4.150 European and 148,468 colored and 

 native inhabitants in 1891 ; Tembuland, area, 4,122 

 square miles, with 5,179 whites and 175,236 colored 

 and natives ; the Transkeian territory, with an area 

 of 1,019 square miles and a population of 1,019 

 whites and 152,544 natives and colored ; Walfisc-h 

 Hay, area 430 square miles, with 31 whites and 737 

 natives: Pondoland, annexed on Sept. 25, 1894, 

 with a native population estimated at 200,000; and 

 British Bechuanaland. area 60,770 square miles, 

 with a population of 5,254 whites and 55,122 na- 

 tives. The total population in 1891 was 1,787,600, 

 ui' whom 382,241 were whites and 1,405,359 natives 

 or of other colored or mixed races. The native in- 

 habitants an- Hottentots, Fingoes, Kaffirs, and 

 Bechuanas. East Indians, Malays, and other races 

 constitute the colored population. The adults who 

 landed in 1894 exceeded tho.se who sailed away by 

 7.x 15. ( 'ape Town, the capital, had 83,718 inhabit- 

 ants in lS!tl, inclusive of suburbs. 



Finances. The revenue for the year ending 

 June ::o. 1W4. was 5.r,-Ji.3.-,-.> ( of which 1,951.652 

 came from taxation. 2.N94,577 from services. 

 L'::5:;.772 from the colonial estate. 121.351 from 

 lines stores i-sued. etc., and :;00,000 from loans. 

 The total expenditure was l'"..S:>:!,449, of which 

 1.551,!i:{H went for th- public debt, 1.505.261 for 

 railways, Hil.-j:ii for defense, 290.819 for police 

 and jails, i:!5.557 tor the civil establishment, and 

 626,465 under loan acts. For 1896 the expenditure 

 '::.. I *:;.^;o. 



Tip den of the colony on Jan. 1, 1895, amounted 



to 27,675,178, of which 18,250,000 had been ex- 

 pended on railways alone, and a large amount for 

 other public works. The total includes 2,675,417 

 raised by harbor boards and corporations, but guar- 

 anteed by the Government. 



Commerce. The total value of all imports in 

 1894 was 11,588,096 and of exports 13,812,062. 

 The value of merchandise imports was 10,887,7*7 ; 

 of exports of colonial produce, 13.503,044. The 

 gold export increased from 1,445,039 in 1890 to 

 2,781,576 in 1891, 4,095,512 in 1892, 5,259,120 in 

 1893, and 7,147,308 in 1894. The export of dia- 

 monds has declined from 4,174,208 in 1891 to 

 3,906,992 in 1892, 3,821,443 in 1893, and 3,013,- 

 578 in 1894. The value of the wool export has 

 fallen off gradually from 2,264,498 in 1891 to 

 1,599,632 in 1894. The values of the other chief 

 exports in 1894 were: Angora hair, 421,284 ; os- 

 trich feathers, 477,414; hides and skins, 419,211 ; 

 copper ore, 284,800; wine, 18,908; grain and 

 flour, 6,154. 



Navigation. The number of vessels entered at 

 the ports during 1894 was 802, of 1,723,528 tons, in 

 the foreign trade and 1.309, of 2,895,082 tons, in 

 the coasting trade ; cleared, 793, of 1,715,806 tons, in 

 the foreign trade and 1,319, of 2,893,522 tons, in 

 the coasting trade. Of the vessels entered from 

 abroad, 577, of 1,547,280 tons, were British. The 

 colony possessed 21 steamers, of 2,659 tons, and 8 

 sailing vessels, of 3,431 tons, in 1895. 



Communications. The Government railways 

 had at the end of 1894 a total length of 2,253 miles. 

 There were 188 miles of private railroads. The 

 Government lines cost under 45,000 a mile, the 

 total capital expenditure being 20,296,943. The 

 gross receipts for 1894 were 2,713,753, and the ex- 

 penses 1,483,771. 



The telegraph lines had at the close of 1894 a 

 total length of 5,973 miles. The number of dis- 

 patches sent during that year was 1,537,434. The 

 revenue in 1894 was 75,507, and expenditure 

 82,909. 



The number of letters sent through the post of- 

 fices in 1894 was 16,448,512 ; of newspapers, 7,484,- 

 160 ; of postal cards, 474,810 ; of books and samples, 

 1,504,680 ; of parcels, 358,048. 



Bechuanaland. After the annexation of British 

 Bechuanaland to Cape Colony, on Nov. 15, 1895, the 

 part of the country that was not ceded to the British 

 South Africa Company remained under the imperial 

 protectorate. The Bechuanaland protectorate has 

 an area of about 217,000 square miles, with 100,000 

 inhabitants. Montsioa's country and the neighbor- 

 ing district of the chief Ikaning were ceded to the 

 chartered company on Oct. 18, 1895. A strip along 

 the Transvaal frontier through which the railroad 

 is to be carried was also to be given to the company. 



Natal. Under the Constitution that went into 

 force on July 20, 1893, the power of making laws is 

 vested in a Legislative Council of 11 members, ap- 

 pointed for ten years by the Governor, with the 

 advice of the ministers, and a Legislative Assembly 

 of 37 members, elected by all adult male citizens 

 possessing real property of the value of 50, or 

 occupying premises worth 10 a year, or having an 

 income of 96. No money can be voted, except on 

 the proposal of the Government, in the session in 

 which the bill is first brought. 



The Governor is Sir Walter Francis Hely-Hutch- 

 inson, appointed in 1893. He is also Governor of 

 Zululand. The first ministry under the new Con- 

 stitution was formed on Oct. 10, 1893, as follows : 

 Premier and Colonial Secretary and Minister of 

 Education, Sir John Robinson ; Attorney-General, 

 Harry Escombe; Colonial Treasurer, G. M. Sutton; 

 Minister of Native Affairs, F. R. Moor ; Minister of 

 Lands and Works, T. K. Murray. 



