GERMANY. 



GIFTS AND I ;!:(,) UKSTS. 



32 1 



of buildings along the bank of the Spree, 

 where also a I'lill-sixc-d model of a North German 

 Lloyd mail steamer was erecteil, and there was a 

 panorama of Alpine scenery. The science hull con- 

 tained, besides the space allotted to individual ex- 

 hibitors, u large auditorium in which a comprehen- 

 sive series of lecture's was given throughout the 

 season. In front of the sport building stood an 

 Mrian statue of i he F.mperor. the only one that 

 had ever been executed. The interior was decorated 

 with mural paintings representing the national 

 spoils. The main grounds, containing the great 

 exhibition building in which 14 of the groups were 

 housed, was encircled by an electric railroad, with 

 in -unions at the chief points of interest. Distinct 

 from the exhibition proper was the colonial ex- 

 hibition. German travelers and the authorities in 

 Africa contributed to make this exhibition as far 

 as possible a faithful representation of indigenous 

 life and customs in the new German colonies. Na- 

 tives from the various spheres of influence were 

 brought to Berlin with their household goods and 

 accustomed implements and weapons in order to 

 display their habits and occupations and give an 

 idea of the variety and extent of the colonial em- 

 pire of Germany. Old Berlin was a reproduction 

 of a quarter of the city as it was in the seventeenth 

 century, with its narrow streets and archways, and 

 quaint, small, irregular houses. There was also a 

 realistic imitation of a part of Cairo, with the 

 tombs of the khalifs, mosques, a great pyramid. 

 hotels, houses, and bazaars, where a collection of 

 arms and other articles lent by the Khedive was 

 displayed and a numerous colony of Arabs plied 

 their usual trades and furnished much amusement 

 to the visitors. 



The Miners' Congress. The International Min- 

 ers' Congress, which would have met in Belgium if 

 the Belgian Government had been willing to rescind 

 its decree of expulsion against Deputies Basly and 

 Lamendin, the two leading French representatives, 

 held its annual meeting in Germany, near the Bel- 

 gian frontier, at Aix-ia-('hapclle. Mr. Burt, the 

 English labor representative in Parliament, was 

 made president. The Northumberland and Dur- 

 ham miners were present in double their usual 

 numbers to oppose the legal eight-hour day, which 

 was advocated by the British Miners' Federation, 

 seconded by the French and Belgian delegates, and 

 was finally approved by a large majority. A reso- 

 lution in favor of a minimum wage adapted to the 

 conditions of life and industry in each country, 

 which should serve as a base for further agitation 

 to secure higher wages, was carried by the votes of 

 delegates representing 961,0;0 miners, the North- 

 umberland delegates, who represent 36.000. voting 

 against it. and the Durham delegates abstaining. 

 A resolution demanding the prohibition of all over- 

 time tending to increase production was carried by 

 the votes of all except the British National Union, 

 and one to limit the production of coal in all coun- 

 tries according to the requirements so as to prevent 

 overproduction was adopted unanimously. A reso- 

 lution in favor of the nationalization of mines was 

 carried by the votes of the French, the Belgian, the 

 Welsh, and a part of the English delegation ; the 

 German delegates abstained from voting, on the 

 ground that the German Empire was not yet suffi- 

 ciently democratic to be intrusted with the owner- 

 ship of mines, while the German states were still 

 less so. as was evidenced by the recent abolition of 

 universal suffrage in Saxony. By votes represent- 

 ing 911.000 miners against 126.000, the congress 

 approved a resolution to the effect that the em- 

 ployer should be held entirely responsible in case 

 of accident unless he can prove that it was not due 

 to his fault. A resolution in favor of prohibiting 

 VOL. xxxvi. 21 A 



women from working in and about mines was car- 

 ried unanimously. The Germans proposed to hold' 

 congresses biennially, but all other- voted in fa\or 

 of meeting every year. London was chosen as the 

 place for the congress ,,f is'.ir. to which Russian 

 and American representative- were invited 



GIFTS AND BEQl'KSTS. The following list 

 comprises the most notable gifts and bequests for 

 public purposes, of $5.000 each and upward in 

 amount or value, that were made, became opera- 

 tive, or were completed in the United States during 

 1896. It excludes the ordinary denominational con- 

 tributions for educational and benevolent purp 

 and all State and municipal appropriations to pub- 

 lic and sectarian institutions. The known value of 

 the gifts and bequests enumerated exceeds $27,- 

 000,000. 



Adriance, John P., Poughkeepsie. N. Y.. chil- 

 dren of, gift to the city of a public library; cost. 

 $50,000. 



Ames. Oliver, Easton. Mass, (died Oct. 22, 1895), 

 gift to the town of Easton. a public high-school 

 building: cost, $60,000, exclusive of land and 

 foundation ; begun before his death, completed in 

 1896. 



Amherst College, Mass., gifts from friends for 

 enlargement of Hitchcock Hall, s 15,500. 



Ancient Order of Hibernians, gift from mem- 

 bers throughout the United States to the Catholic 

 University of America, for a chair of Celtic litera- 

 ture, |60,000. 



Anderson. Mrs. A. A.. New York, gift to Bar- 

 nard College, a building: cost, $170.000. 



Armenian Relief Committee. Boston, subscrip- 

 tions aggregating $38,500. 



Armenian Residents in the United States, 

 gifts through the American Board for their suffer- 

 ing friends in Turkey, nearly $100.000. 



Armstrong. Thomas, bequest to Union College, 

 Schenectady, N. Y., $150,000. 



Artz, Victorine Thomas, Chicago. 111., gift to 

 the Boston Public Library for a Longfellow memo- 

 rial collection, $10,000. 



Aspiinvall. Mrs. Anna R.. Pittsburg. bequest to 

 the hospital of the Protestant Episcopal Church in 

 Philadelphia, her entire estate; estimated value, 

 $8,000,000. 



Astor, William Waldorf. New York and Lon- 

 don, gift to the Children's Aid Society of New York 

 city, for a school building, $50.000, and for the 

 sufferers by the famine in India, $10,000. 



Baldwin. Franklin, North Graft-on, Mass., be- 

 quests, available on the death of his widow, to 

 Wellesley College. ,$50.000 ; Smith College, $12,000 ; 

 University of Vermont. $10.000; Dartmouth Col- 

 lege. $6.000; Home for Aged Men. Worcester, $10,- 

 000; First Universalist Church. Worcester, $6,000; 

 and all but $1.000 of the residue of his estate to 

 Clark University. 



Barber. Mrs. Phineas M., Philadelphia, gift to 

 the Presbyterian Board of Missions for Freedmen, 

 a seminary building for girls in Anniston, Ala.; 

 cost. 140,000. 



Barnard College, New York, gifts from two 

 anonymous friends, each $10.000: also from friends 

 to pay remainder of cost of new site. $160.000. 



Beck. Charles Bathgate. New York (see GIFTS 

 AXD BEQUESTS in "Annual Cyclopaedia " for 1894). 

 In an action before the Supreme Court to determine 

 whether the Society for the Prevention of Crime 

 (the " Park 1 m rst " society) or the Society for the 

 Suppression of Vice (the "Comstock" society) was 

 entitled to the bequest. Judge Truax decided in 

 favor of the first-named society. Nov. S. 1896. This 

 decision gives Dr. Parklmrst's society a fifth part of 

 the residue of the estate, and this part was estimated 

 at $200,000 to $700,000. 



