452 MARINE HOSPITAL SERVICE. 



MARYLAND. 



the two medical officers in charge is required to be 

 at the customhouse during the hours of business, 

 to examine applicants, to issue a permit to enter 

 the hospital when necessary, or to prescribe for less 

 serious cases. At small ports the customs officials 

 are authorized to make arrangements with local 

 physicians for the relief of sick seamen or to fur- 

 nish them transportation to the nearest hospital. 

 The total number of seamen treated during 1896 

 was 53.804. Of this number, 13,954 received relief 

 in hospitals and 40,850 were aided through the sev- 

 eral dispensaries. Sick pilots and the sick of the 

 Revenue Cutter Service, also the keepers and crews 

 of life-saving stations, when sick or disabled during 

 the active season, are admitted to the benefits of 

 marine hospitals, and a proposition to include the 

 employees of the Lighthouse Establishment under 

 the same privileges has been discussed. 



There are 21 marine hospitals in the United 

 States, situated at the following ports : Boston, 

 Mass., Portland, Me., Vineyard Haven, Mass., New 

 York, Delaware Breakwater, Del., Baltimore, Md., 

 Wilmington, N. C., Key West, Fla., Mobile, Ala., 

 New Orleans, La., Louisville, Ky., Cincinnati, Ohio, 

 Evansville, Ind., St. Louis, Mo., Memphis. Tenn., 

 Cairo, 111., Chicago, 111., Cleveland, Ohio, Detroit, 

 Mich., San Francisco, Cal., and Port Townsend, 

 Wash. There are also 84 reliefs stations where 

 patients are treated by Marine Hospital officers and 

 acting assistant surgeons in local hospitals. At 20 

 other localities also relief is furnished under special 

 conditions. 



Recently the attention of the service has been di- 

 rected to the hardships experienced by oystermen 

 during their busy season on Chesapeake Bay. Cold, 

 long exposure, bad food, and injuries from the 

 dredging machines all unite to make these men 

 especially liable to disease and worthy of considera- 

 tion. Two stations now exist, one on the Chop- 

 tank, the other on the Patuxent, near the mouth of 

 each river, for the relief of oystermen during winter. 

 In the interests of humanity, the service has also 

 been actively employed for several years endeavor- 

 ing to compel the owners of steamers on the West- 

 ern rivers to provide adequate protection from ex- 

 posure for the deck crews of their vessels. A bill 

 to this effect is before Congress. 



There are 11 national quarantine stations, located 

 as follows: Delaware Breakwater Quarantine, at 

 Cape Henlopen, Del., and Reedy Island Quarantine, 

 in the Delaware River, to guard the port of Phila- 

 delphia, 40 miles above ; Cape Charles Quarantine, 

 to protect Norfolk, Fortress Monroe, Newport News, 

 Richmond, and Washington City, the hospital being 

 on Fisherman's island ; Southport Quarantine, for 

 Wilmington, N. C. ; South Atlantic Quarantine (hos- 

 pital at Blackboard island, Ga.) for all ports along 

 the southern Atlantic coast ; Tortugas Quarantine, 

 at Garden Key, and Gulf Quarantine, on Ship 

 Island, Miss., to guard the ports on the Gulf of 

 Mexico ; Brunswick Quarantine, at Brunswick, Ga., 

 also for the Gulf ports; San Diego Quarantine, at 

 San Diego, Cal. ; San Francisco Quarantine, on 

 Angel island, Cal. ; Port Townsend Quarantine, at 

 Port Townsend, Wash., for the protection of that 

 port and of those on Puget Sound. 



But little is generally known of these stations, 

 owing to their remoteness from populous centers ; 

 but those who have visited one of them are surprised 

 at the completeness with which they are equipped 

 wit li hospitals, detention barracks, and all the mod- 

 ern appliances, as well as at the scientific care ex- 

 ercised in isolating the sick, in segregating the 

 suspects from the well, and in the cleansing and 

 disinfecting of vessels. The service also maintains 

 a small fleet in attendance upon these stations, to 

 receive and house people in quarantine. 



MARYLAND, a Middle Atlantic State, one of the 

 original thirteen, ratified the Constitution April 28, 

 1788; area, 12,210 square miles. The population, 

 according to each decennial census, was 817.728 in 

 1790; 841,548 in 1800; 880,546 in 1810; 407,350 in 

 1820; 447,040 in 1830; 470,019 in 1840; 583,084 in 

 1850: 687,049 in 1860; 780,894 in 1870; 934,945 in 

 1880; and 1,045,890 in 1890. Capital, Annapolis. 



(government. The following were the State 

 officers during the year: Governor, Lloyd Lowndes, 

 Republican ; Secretary of State, Richard Dallam ; 

 Comptroller, Robert P. Graham ; Treasurer, Thomas 

 J.Shryock; Attorney-General, Harry M. Clabaugh ; 

 Insurance Commissioner, J. Albert Kurtz; Super- 

 intendent of Public Instruction, E. B. Prettyman; 

 SI ate Tax Commissioner, Thomas J. Keating : Chief 

 Judge of the Court of Appeals, James McSherry ; 

 Associate Judges, David Fowler, A. Hunter Boyd, 

 Henry Page, Charles B. Roberts. John P. Briscoe, 

 William Shepard Bryan, and George M. Russum ; 

 Clerk, J. Frank Ford." 



Finances. In the treasury proper, at the begin- 

 ning of the fiscal year Oct. 1, 1896, there were 

 $704,668.19, and cash to the credit of the funds 

 account $2,000; the receipts during the year were 

 $3,150,875.04; total, $3.803,443.83, an excess over 

 the previous year of $547,631.85. This increase is 

 the result of the issue of the Penitentiary loan for 

 $500,000 and the Insane Asylum loan for $100.000, 

 authorized by the Legislature of this year. De- 

 ducting the amount of these loans, the receipts were 

 $2,544,091.64, a sum less by $65,152.45 than the 

 receipts for 1895. The disbursements during the 

 year were $2.1145,401.07, an increase of $490,650.70, 

 occasioned in part by the payment of $150,000 

 for free schoolbooks, $200,777.70 on account of the 

 Penitentiary loan, $99,500 to the Second Hospital 

 for the Insane, and $128,392.12 expenses of the 

 Legislature. 



The funded debt, Sept. 30, 1896, was $9,284,- 

 986.24, productive assets were $5,946.433.11. For 

 the balance of $3,388.55:5 the State had as an offset 

 $8,140.626.99 of unproductive stocks and $761,579.- 

 99 due from accounting officers and incorporated 

 institutions. 



The amounts held by the several sinking funds 

 were: General account, $459.789.56: defense re- 

 demption loan $3,204,770.05 ; exchange loan of 1889, 

 $160,403.50: exchange loan of 1891, $25.000. The 

 sinking-fund receipts were $359,321.25, which was 

 invested in stock of the defense redemption loan. 



The receipts to the credit of the free-school fund 

 during the year were $70,055.36, which with the 

 balance of $2.000 from last year makes an aggre- 

 gate of $72,055.36. Preferred 6-per-cent. stock of 

 the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company to the 

 amount of $118,100 is held by the State for the 

 benefit of this fund, and on this'the last semiannual 

 3-per-cent. dividend was not paid. 



The receipts to the credit of the oyster fund 

 during 1896 were $64.244.02, included in which was 

 a temporary loan from the treasury proper of $15,- 

 000; the balance on hand at the beginning of the 

 year was $3,583.67 ; the disbursements during the 

 year were $67,340.86 ; leaving a balance of $48G.83. 

 It is stated that the credit of the balance from last 

 year is misleading ; that had the pay roll of the 

 officers and men and the bills contracted and then 

 due on account of the oyster-fishery force been 

 paid, as was afterward done, instead of there being 

 this balance on hand there would have been a 

 deficit of $14,017.20. Under legislation in 1896 the 

 receipts to the credit of this fund will be greatly 

 increased. 



Valuation. The value of property assessed for 

 the State levy of 1896 was $540,461.747, an increase 

 during the year of $5,531,271, and the amount of 



