458 



MASSACHUSETTS. 



METALLURGY. 



Treasury. We are entirely opposed to the free and 

 unlimited coinage of silver, and to any change in 

 the existing gold standard, except by international 

 agreement." 



Further, they opposed the system of State banks, 

 and called for enforcement of the civil-service laws, 

 restricted emigration, and the upholding of the 

 Monroe doctrine. 



The Republican candidate for Governor was the 

 acting Governor, Roger Wolcott, and for Lieutenant 

 Governor W. M. Crane. All the other State officers 

 were renominated. 



The Prohibitionists met in Boston, April 19, chose 

 delegates to the national convention, and instructed 

 them to support Joshua Levering as candidate for 

 President. 



The new Prohibition party, the National, or 

 " Broad-gauge," was organized in the State, June 

 26, by the choice of a State committee. 



Both wings of the party held conventions in 

 Boston, Sept. 9. The following nominations were 

 made by the Prohibition (Narrow-gauge) party: 

 Lieutenant Governor, William W. Nash ; Secretary 

 of the Commonwealth, Willard O. Wylie : Treas- 

 urer, R. C. Habberly; Auditor, Thomas H. Fris- 

 sell ; Attorney-General, Wolcott Hamlin. 



The nominations of the National party were as 

 follow: For Governor, John L. Nicholls ; Lieuten- 

 ant Governor, William E. Cole; Secretary, Morrill 

 Smith; Treasurer and Receiver General, William P. 

 Howe ; Auditor, James W. Cole ; Attorney-General, 

 James F. Morton, Jr. 



Allen Coffin was afterward made the Prohibition 

 candidate for Governor. 



The Democratic State Convention, held in Boston 

 April 21, named William E. Russell as their choice 

 for presidential candidate. The platform said upon 

 the currency question : 



"Believing that the true interests of the people 

 require that the earnings of trade and the wages of 

 labor be paid in money that is intrinsically worth, 

 in all the markets of the world, what it purports to 

 be worth, we demand the maintenance of the exist- 

 ing gold standard of value, and that the Govern- 

 ment shall keep all its obligations at all times re- 

 deemable and payable in gold ; and we oppose the 

 free coinage of silver and any further purchases of 

 silver bullion or the coinage thereof on Government 

 account." 



The admission of raw material free of duty was 

 recommended ; suppression of trusts and regula- 

 tion of monopolies demanded ; further civil-service 

 reform called for ; sympathy with the Cubans ex- 

 pressed ; and the A. P. A. disapproved. 



The Democratic convention for nominating State 

 officers was appointed at Boston Music Hall, Sept. 

 26. The State committee, which was controlled by 

 the gold-standard men, decided to admit delegates 

 to the hall by credentials and not by ticket. Five 

 hundred silver men therefore took possession of 

 the hall the night before and stayed, announcing 

 their intention to remain until the adjournment. 

 The committee appealed to the manager of the 

 hall, who was unable to deliver it to them, and to 

 the police commissioners, who declined to interfere 

 as long as no breach of the peace occurred. The 

 doors were not opened even for delegates who had 

 not gone in at night or who had left the hall before 

 the hour of the convention. A young man who 

 climbed out by a fire escape, in order to get food 

 to carry in, accidentally took hold of a live wire 

 and died instantly. The sympathizers on the out- 

 side held a meeting in Hamilton Place and ratified 

 the action of those in the hall. A platform was 

 adopted pledging the support of the party to Bryan. 

 Sewall. and free silver, declaring that the country 

 is dominated by an oligarchy of millionaires, and 



insisting that unjust taxation, monopolies, and an 

 appreciating dollar are the three methods of despoil- 

 ing the people. 



George F. Williams was nominated for Governor, 

 C. T. Callahan for Lieutenant Governor, Thomas A. 

 Watson for State Treasurer, Dr. J. H. Potts for 

 Secretary of the Commonwealth, J. B. O'Donnell 

 for Attorney-General, and M. B. Cavanaugh for 

 Auditor. 



Mr. Cavanaugh declined the nomination. 



Meantime the committee, not being able to secure 

 the hall, and having failed in an attempt to secure 

 a compromise conference, called a convention to 

 meet at Faneuil Hall in the afternoon. This con- 

 vention approved the nomination of Bryan and 

 Sewall, whereupon 16 gold-standard men belong- 

 ing to the State Committee resigned and left the 

 convention with their sympathizers. George F. 

 Williams was nominated for Governor and C. T. 

 Callahan for Lieutenant Governor. A committee 

 of 5 was empowered to complete the ticket. 



The cause of difference between the two factions, 

 since they agreed upon national policy and upon 

 State nominations, seems to have been the control 

 of the State organization. Each convention named 

 a State committee, the two agreeing on only these 

 names. 



The gold-standard Democrats nominated electors 

 to support Palmer and Buckner, and put out the 

 following State ticket : For Governor, Frederick O. 

 Prince; Lieutenant Governor, James E. McCoii- 

 nell ; Secretary, Waldo Lincoln ; Treasurer, Horace 

 P. Tobey ; Auditor. Charles C. Spellman ; Attorney 

 General, Henry F. Hurlburt. 



The National Silver party hold a convention in 

 Boston, July 15. and selected delegates to the na- 

 tional convention of the party. 



T. C. Brophy was nominated for Governor by the 

 Socialist-Labor party. 



The Republican ticket was successful at the polls, 

 the vote for Governor standing as follows: Wol- 

 cott, Republican, 258,204 ; Williams, Democrat and 

 Populist, 103,662; Prince, National Democrat, 14,- 

 164 ; Coffin, Prohibition, 4,472 ; Brophy, Socialist- 

 Labor, 4,548. 



The vote for President stood : McKinley, 278,- 

 976: Bryan, 105.711; Palmer, 11,749; Levering, 

 2,998. 



Of the 13 members of Congress elected, 12 are 

 Republicans. The Legislature for 1897 stands on 

 joint ballot: Republicans, 232 ; Democrats, 44 ; In- 

 dependent Republicans, 3; Democratic Citizens, 1. 



The proposed amendments to the Constitution 

 making elections biennial and the terms for State 

 officers two years were defeated. 



METALLURGY. Iron and Steel. While the 

 roasting of ores has long been employed as prelimi- 

 nary to reduction, but only incidentally to effect the 

 purpose of simultaneously eliminating elements, like 

 sulphur or arsenic, that could detrimentally influ- 

 ence the iron produced, it is only very recently, says 

 Prof. Wedding, of Berlin, that it has also been em- 

 ployed in order to render iron ores magnetic, so that 

 they could be subsequently freed from constituents 

 not containing iron and be enriched in iron. In 1 he 

 constant decrease by consumption of ore deposits rich 

 and pure enough for open-hearth and blast-furnace 

 treatment, the question of the concentration of ores 

 is becoming year by year more pressing. The most 

 effective means of enriching and improving un- 

 suitable iron ores is afforded by magnetic concen- 

 tration. Dealing, then, with the magnetization of 

 the various iron ores viz., magnetites, spathic 

 iron ores, red hematites, brown iron ores, and py- 

 ritic ores Prof. Wedding observed that the pieces 

 to be roasted should be as nearly as possible of the 

 same size, and that the requirements for the roast- 





