NORTH CAROLINA. 



535 



the largest number of students it has ever had at 

 one time (525). of whom vMiii were undergraduates 

 in the academic course. 7 graduates. :!,"> medical, 

 and 18 law students. This total includes the stu- 

 dents of the summer law school and the summer 

 school for teachers. During the past two years the 

 university lias lent nearly $4.000 from the Deems 

 fund, thereby aiding 51 students. 



Subscriptions fora Young Men's Christian Asso- 

 ciation building amount to 9.121, and those fora 

 Centennial Alumni Hall to $23,000. Work on the 

 latter will begin when the sum of subscriptions 

 reaches $30,000. The new president, Dr. E. A. 

 Alderman, took charge in August. 



The College of Agricultural and Mechanic Arts 

 had in December 230 students. The annual appro- 

 priation is si 0.000. Since its establishment in 1889 

 it has received from the State $75,000. The Col- 

 ored Agricultural and Mechanical College has 63 

 student?. 



Washington Duke has offered $100.000 to Trinity 

 College, at Durham, on condition that women be 

 admitted on an equal footing with men, and the 

 offer has been accepted. This will be the first co- 

 educational college in the State. 



Charities. The number of patients in the In- 

 sane Asylum at the beginning of the biennium was 

 305. The whole number treated in 1895 was 442. 

 and in 189G 488. The estimate for the coming bi- 

 ennium is based on an allowance of $149.50 per 

 capita for 410 patients. 



The State Hospital, which receives the insane of 

 the western district, has nearly 700 patients. The 

 appropriation is $100.000 annually. The percent- 

 age of recoveries in 1895 was 39*79: in 1896, 51 '47. 

 The death rate for the two years was 3'1 and 2'8. 

 During the year 77 have been refused admittance 

 for want of space. Buildings are being constructed 

 which will accommodate 75 women additional. 



The Eastern Hospital, for the colored insane, has 

 :!77 patients. A building has been added the past 

 year, so that room is afforded for all applicants. 



The Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and the 

 Blind has 153 in the department for blind white 

 children and 71 in that for colored, besides 89 deaf 

 colored children. The deaf white children were re- 

 moved two years ago to a separate institution at 

 Morganton, which has 185 pupils and applications 

 for 50 more, with accommodations for 200. There 

 are 105 children in the Colored Orphan Asylum. 



The Penitentiary. There are 1.198 convicts on 

 an average in the Penitentiary, compared with 1.237 

 in 1895. There are far more short-term convicts 

 since the act of 1895 making one year the maxi- 

 mum penalty for the larceny of goods less than $20 

 in value. The increased employment of convicts 

 on the public roads accounts in some measure for 

 the decrease. For the year 1896 the Penitentiary 

 paid all its own expenses. 



Insurance. Thirty-nine life insurance compa- 

 nies and 84 miscellaneous companies did business 

 in the State during 1895-'96. By the fire compa- 

 nies $52.469,000 risks were written, $911,875 pre- 

 miums received, and $501,142 losses paid. By the 

 life companies $13,028,000 risks were written $1,338,- 

 922 premiums received, and $573,022 losses paid. 



Railroads. The Roanoke and Southern Rail- 

 way, between Winston and Roanoke, Va., 116 miles, 

 was sold at auction under mortgage foreclosure at 

 Winston. Nov. 24, for $500,000. It was knocked off 

 to a syndicate, who purpose to organize what will be 

 known as the Norfolk, Roanoke. and Southern Rail- 

 road Company. The property is then to be leased 

 to the Norfolk and Western Company. 



The directors of the Atlantic and North Carolina 

 Railroad leased the road, Nov. 2, to the Goldsboro 

 and Morehead City Railroad Company for forty 



years. This was not ratified by the stockholders. 

 and on application of one of them an injunction 

 was granted, restraining the directors from carry-" 

 ing out the terms of the lea>e. 



The State Fanners' Alliance attempted to bring 

 suits to test the validity of the lease of the North 

 Carolina Railroad to the Southern Kailway Com- 

 pany for ninety-nine years, but, on account of 

 technical difficulties, the suits were abandoned. 



All the railroad property in the State is now sub- 

 ject to taxation. The dividend of 6i per cent, de- 

 clared in January by the North Carolina Railroad 

 made it subject to taxation. 



Products. The estimate of the cotton crop of 

 the State for the year was 397.752 commercial bales. 

 The acreage in 1895 was 1.050,183. The aer 

 of tobacco was 143,156 and the product 141.53i;.<Ktn 

 pounds ; valuation, $10,535,000. North Carolina 

 has in operation 250 tobacco-manufacturing estab- 

 lishments, 7G warehouses, and 229 leaf factories. 

 stemmeries, and prize houses, representing alto- 

 gether an investment of over $26,000,000. 



The explorations during the year by the Geolog- 

 ical Survey show very large quantities of clay of 

 excellent quality along the lowlands of many of the 

 large streams the Neuse. Cape Fear, Yadkin. ( 'a- 

 tawba, and others. Many of the best of these de- 

 posits never have been developed to any extent. 



Decision on Extradition. Two men were con- 

 victed in 1893 of murdering a man over the border 

 in Tennessee, while they themselves were in North 

 Carolina. They appealed to the Supreme Court : a 

 H oil ft [u'oxi q x i was entered, and they were discharged. 

 They were at once arrested for committing the mur- 

 der in Tennessee and held in custody, awaiting 

 extradition. The Supreme Court refused, ruling 

 that it was not a case for extradition. 



The Virginia Boundary. By the new survey 

 t he State gained 90 acres. The line has been marked 

 at an expense to the two States of $2,386. 



Roanoke Island. A monument was dedicated 

 Nov. 28 on the site of old Fort Raleigh, Roanoke 

 island, in commemoration of the first English set- 

 tlement on the continent, which was made there in 

 1585. The monument was erected by the Roanoke 

 Colony Memorial Association. 



The Willard Colony. The Frances E. Willard 

 Co-operative Colony has begun operations at An- 

 drews, N. C. It is in the heart of Valley river val- 

 ley, Cherokee County, in the extreme southwestern 

 corner of the State. The railroad from Asheville to 

 Murphy passes through the 20.000 acres purchased 

 by the" colony. The capital stock is $500,000, di- 

 vided into 10.000 shares. Preparations for farm- 

 ing, stock raising, dairying, and manufacturing are 

 begun. One hotel has been opened and another is 

 building. A gold mine and a marble quarry are 

 about to be opened. A college, a public library, and 

 a church are also building. Five thousand acres are 

 set aside for co-operative labor. All the industries 

 will be operated on this plan, and a scale of wages 

 has been established. The colony will sell land and 

 deed it to people who do not wish to come under 

 their jurisdiction. 



The entire valley is underlaid with marble of 

 various colors. Iron ore is also found, while the 

 land is well timbered. The elevation of the valley 

 is 1.800 feet, and the surface is level. In a letter 

 proclaiming their principles it is said : " We declare 

 for a Protestant Union Church, based only on the 

 Bible and the Apostles' Creed. Our religious motto 

 shall be, 'In essential things, unity : in nonessen- 

 things. liberty ; in all things, charity.' Our business 

 motto shall be, ' Manhood before money : co-opera- 

 tion vs. competition.' Our political creed shall be 

 the prohibition of trusts, natural monopolies, and 

 the liquor traffic. Our only test for every candi- 



