OBITUARIES. FOKEIGN. (BBUCKHBB CHALLEMED-LACOUR.) 





pos-il of Crown hinds were removed from the draft 

 bill, and the coveted Constitution was conferred on 

 Ue-tern Australia in 1S!H). Subsequently lie was 

 iictin.ir Governor of Barhadoes and (iovernor of 

 Trinidad. 



IJruckiier. Anton, an Austrian musical coin- 

 . horn in Ausl'elden, upper Austria, Sept. 4. 

 |s-_>4: died in Vienna. Oct. 14, 1890. His father, a 

 teacher, gave him lessons iu music, and he pursued 

 his musical studies when he became himself a village 

 schoolmaster and violinist for country fetes, till in 

 ls")l he became organist at Kalksburg. lie pub- 

 lished a symphony in 1864. and in 1807 was appointed 

 ssorof the Organ. Harmony, and Counterpoint 

 in the Vienna Conservatorium. In the following 

 year he succeeded Sechter as court organist, lie 

 gave organ recitals in France in 1809. and took part 

 in the musical ceremonies of the London Inter- 

 national Exhibition in 1S71. lie was appointed 

 chief instructor in musical theory in the University 

 of Vienna in 187"). He wrote a mass in P minor, 

 some chamber music, and eight symphonies. His 

 most remarkable work is the "Eighth Symphony" 

 in C minor, and it is one of the longest ever written, 

 requiring a whole evening for its performance. 



IJiiekloy. Sir Patrick Alphonsus, a New Zea- 

 land jurist, born in County Cork. Ireland, in 1841 ; 

 died May 18. 1896. He studied in the Universities 

 of Paris and Louvain. emigrated to Queensland, 

 was admitted to the bar, settled subsequently in 

 Wellington, New Zealand, entered the Provincial 

 Council and was Provincial Solicitor, became a 

 member of the Legislative Council of New Zealand 

 in 1878, and in 1**4 was appointed Colonial Secre- 

 tary in the Stout-Vogel Cabinet, with which he re- 

 tired in 1887. In 1891 he entered the Cabinet of 

 Mr. Ballance as Attorney-General, and resumed the 

 leadership of the Legislative Council. He was Co- 

 lonial Secretary in 1892. and held both offices in the 

 Seddon ministry, resigning in December, 1895, to 

 a judge-hio in the Supreme Court. 



Campiiansen. Otto von, a Prussian statesman. 

 born Oct. 21. 1812: died in Berlin. May 17.1896. 

 He studied law and political economy at Bonn, 

 Heidelberg. Munich, and Berlin, was appointed as- 

 .nd in 184-"> became a counselor in 

 the Ministry of Finance at Berlin. In 1849 he en- 

 tered the Prussian I>iet as a Moderate Liberal, and 

 was recognized as an authority on financial ques- 

 tions. In 1S69 he became Prussian Minister of 

 Finance, and this post he held nine years. lie was 

 confronted with a deficit on taking office, but this 

 he wiped out. and afterward by means of the French 

 war indemnity he was enabled to redeem a large 

 part of the public debt of Prussia, and to remit 

 some of the more burdensome taxes. His free-trade 

 policy aroused later the opposition of both the agri- 

 cultural and the manufacturing classes, which ac- 

 quired influence over Prince Bismarck and the 

 governing authorities, and dictated a new economic 

 policy. Camphauseii's opposition to the new Pro- 

 tectionist tendency, and especially to the Govern- 

 ment monopoly of tobacco, led to his retirement in 

 1878. For a time he continued in the Prussian 

 upper house to defend Liberal ideas and criticise 

 the Chancellor's financial policy. The invective of 

 Bismarck finally drove him to renounce all part in 

 public affairs, and for over fifteen years he has lived 

 in retirement. 



Ornusohi. Henri, a French financier and po- 

 litical economist, born in Milan. Italy, in 1S21 : 

 died in Mentone. May 12. IS'.Mi. His father was a 

 man of wealth, who sent his son to the University 

 of Pavia to study law. in which he was graduated 

 in 1842. As an ardent Italian patriot, he took part 

 in the rising in Milan in 1848. and in February, 

 1849, he was elected at Rome a member of the 



in. nt . \s-embly that proclaimed a republic. 

 After the capitulation of Koine to the French he 

 was tried by a French court-martial, which ac- 

 quitted him. Settling in Paris, In- be^m In. 

 as a banker, ami soon acquired a large fortune. He 

 was a large stockholder in the Sit'ch-." ( he i-hief 

 anti-Bonapartist newspaper, to which he was a fre- 

 quent contributor. In 1*70 lie\\a- expelled from 

 France for giving 100.000 francs to distribute i 

 tive ballots in the ]>h'l>i*rifi-. After the fall ot the 

 empire he returned and endeavored to mediate be- 

 tween the Commune and Thiers, When the repub- 

 lic was established he became a naturalized French 

 citizen. He was an active advocate and organizer 

 of the bimetallic agitation and a strong polemical 

 writer in favor of international bimetallism. 

 Among his numerous financial treatises are " Bi- 

 metallic Money," " M. Michel Chevallier et le 

 Bimetallisme." " Silver Vindicated," "Nomisrna : or, 

 Legal Tender." "The Bland Bill." - Monetary Di- 

 plomacy," " Bimetallism in England and Abroad." 

 "Bimetallism at 15A a Necessity." and "The Mone- 

 tary Conference." llis work entitled "The < 

 Metallic Powers" was addre->cd to the Congress 

 and people of the United States. Cernuschi was a 

 stanch Opportunist under the republic, the friend 

 of Ferry and Gambetta. and he might have had a 

 life senatorship. but the currency interested him 

 more than politics. He testified before the United 

 States Monetary Commission in 1877, and in 1878 

 began the publication of his lively pamphlets in 

 support of the bimetallic theory. He had the finest 

 existing collection of Japanese bronzes, acquired in 

 Japan after the revolution in that country, and this 

 he bequeathed, with the house that he built to re- 

 ceive them, to the municipality of Paris. 



Challemel-Laoonr, Paul Armaml. a French 

 statesman, born in Avranches, May 19, 1827; died 

 in Paris, Oct. 20. 1896. ^He passed from the lyceum 

 of St. Louis into the Ecole Normale in 1840. was 

 graduated first in philosophy in 1849, and was pro- 

 in the lyceums of Pan and Limoges. He was 

 an ardent Republican before the revolution of 1848, 

 and after the coup d'etat he took up arms against. 

 Napoleon, and for this was arrested and thrown 

 into prison, to be banished later. He lived first in 

 Belgium and later in Switzerland, where he became 

 Professor of French Literature in the Pantechnicon 

 of Zurich, until he was allowed to return to France 

 in 18~>9. His writings on literature, art. and phi- 

 losophy, published in the " Revue Nationale," the 

 ."Revue des deux Moiides," and the "Temps' 1 

 newspaper and other journals, attracted much at- 

 tention. As a sufferer from imperial proscription 

 and a champion of republicanism lie was marked 

 out for political leadership and responsibility when 

 the second empire fell. Under the Provisional 

 Government he was prefect of the Rhone, but re- 

 signed because he was unable to cope successfully 

 with disturbances at Lyons. lie entered the Cham- 

 ber, and by reason of his knowledge and eloquence 

 and his earnest republicanism, based on a profound 

 acquaintance with ancient and modern history, he 

 became the guide and leader of the Radicals, who 

 most !v opposed the monarchical, aristo- 



cratic, and clerical reaction. He was elected a 

 Senator in 1870. and in 1879. on the demand of 

 Gambetta. M. Waddington made him minister to 

 Bern. In the following year he succeeded Leon 

 Say as ambassador in London. His unbending at- 

 titude in defense of French views and interests 

 caused considerable friction between the two gov- 

 ernments. In 1883 he resigned in order to take the 

 portfolio of Foreign Affairs in the Cabinet of Jules 

 Ferry, and in this position showed the same uncom- 

 promising and defiant temper. On quitting office 

 and returning to the free discussion of general poli- 



