rNITKI) STATES <>!' A.MKIJK A. 



755 



being agricultural, 2'32 per cent, mining. 3-91 per 

 c-i-iit. forest. 0-79 per cent, fishery, ami 0-52 per cent. 



miscellaneous products. In is(;o manufactured ar- 



ticles constituted only 12'7li per cent, of the total 

 value, in 1871) they were 1.1 per cent., in 1880 still 

 only 12-!2 per cent., and in 18S( 20-50 per cent. 

 The export of airrieultural implements has irpown 

 from *2. 138,398 in 1887 to $5,1 76. 77;! in 1896; that 

 of railroad cars \\ as xi>5:!.29S in the former year. 

 The great trade in copper lias sprung up recently, the 

 total copper exports being only $4.525.573 in value in 

 1893. The exports of cotton' manufactures are not 

 greater than ten years ago except in wearing apparel 

 and miscellaneous. The export of bicycles is a new 

 development. The export of fertilizers has grown 

 to three times the dimensions of ten years ago. The 

 export of canned salmon has doubled, while that of 

 codfish and mackerel has declined. Flax and hemp 

 manufactures have grown from $1,402, 118 to $1,868,- 

 601, though cordage has declined in value: not in 

 quantity, however. The exports of cartridges, gun- 

 powder, and explosives have increased from $559.085 

 to $1,381.102 ; India-rubber manufactures from $834,- 

 304 to $1,858,556. The growth of the iron and steel 

 exports during the ten years from $15,958,502 to 

 $41,160,877 is largely due to the trade that has 

 sprung up in some of the finer manufactures, such 

 as locomotive engines, printing presses, nails, and 

 wire, and the expansion of the trade already estab- 

 lished in locks, firearms, sewing machines, scales. 

 saws and tools, and the like. The leather exports 

 amounted in 1896 to $20.242,756, about double what 

 they were in 1887. The exports of malt liquors have 

 increased in quantity, but not in value. The export 

 of musical instruments has increased 50 per cent, 

 since 1887. Naval stores have increased in value 

 from $5,860,573 to $8,843,564. The exports of ani- 

 mal oils have declined from $1.282.051 in 1887 to 

 $673.1141. while those of mineral oils have increased 

 from $46,824,915 to $62,383.403 in value, and those 

 of vegetable oils from $2,011,220 to $6,097,022. Pa- 

 per exports have increased from $1.118,538 to $2,- 

 713,875. The exports of soap have increased 50 per 

 cent, in ten years. Those of distilled spirits, amount- 

 ing to $1,730,804, have more than doubled. More 

 than four times the quantity of starch is now ex- 

 ported. The exports of sugar have declined. The 

 export of cigarettes is a new thing. The wine ex- 

 ports have increased threefold. The exports of 

 lumber and manufactured wood have increased 

 gradually, amounting in 1896 to $31,947,108. The 

 trade in flannels and blankets and in woolen cloth- 

 ing has not grown, but that in carpets and some 

 other manufactures of wool and the export of silk 

 manufactures are of recent growth. The export of 

 raw wool increased from 91.858 pounds in 1893 to 

 6.945.981 pounds in 1896. The domestic production 

 of wool in 1895 was 309.74s.iMin pounds, and the 

 total consumption 509.159.716 pounds. 



The exports of cotton in ism; were 4.659.765 bales, 

 or 2.:::J5.226.385 pounds, against 6,965.358 bales or 

 3.5 17.433,109 pounds, in 1895. The crop was 5.036.- 

 !04.409 pounds in 1805. and the domestic consump- 

 tion was 1.5(i7.991.708 pounds, including 48.560,408 

 pounds of imported cotton. In 1896 the crop was 

 3.592.416.851 pounds, of which 1.257.190,466 pounds 

 were retained for consumption. and of foreign cotton 

 54,162,164 pounds. The production of wheat in the 

 United States in 1896 was 407.102.947 bushels, the 

 exports were 126.443.968 bushels, valued at $39.709.- 

 868, a great falling off since 1892. when the wheat 

 exports came to $161.399.132. and the domestic con- 

 sumption was 34o.i;5s.ii7<i bushels. The exports of 

 wheat flour were 14.620.864 barrels, somewhat less 

 than in previous years, having a value of X52.025.- 

 217. The corn crop in 1896 was 1.151,138,580 bush- 

 els. The exports were 101, 100.375 bushels, against 



..KM bushels in 18! .l. The export of com 

 meal in IS'.M; v 5 barn-Is, worth x<>54.121. 



The other breadstlllTs Were Ki.012,500 i 



oat>. worth $8,497,61 1 ; oatmeal valued at s'.):;n..iii-j; 



bread and biscuit valued al $694,823 ; 7,680,831 bush- 



f barley, of the value of x:;.100,:;il ; !)> 

 bushels of rye. worth $445,075: 3.777 barrel* of rye 

 flour, worth $11.163: and other cereals and food 

 preparations worth x2.442.940. 



The total export of provisions grew in value frttm 

 $92,783,296 in 1887 to $145,270,643 in 1*114. and then 

 declined in two years to $131,605,869. Protective 

 measures in Europe and competition have reduced 

 the exports of canned beef in five years from 109.- 

 586.727 lo 63,698,180 pounds; of pickled pork, from 

 2ti.260.558 to 14.318.216 pounds ; of bacon, from 514.- 

 675.557 to 435,852,187 pounds; of cheese, fron 

 i:::!>76 to 3ii.777.2SU pounds. The trade in butter, 

 fresh beef, and other products has not declined, and 

 the trade in live cattle holds its own. There were 

 372,461 head of cattle shipped in 1896. The export 

 of horses has increased from 2,967 in 1893 to 25,126 

 in 1896. 



The export of leaf tobacco in 1896 was 287,700.- 

 301 pounds. The total product in 1895 was 491,- 

 544.000 pounds. The production of crude petro- 

 leum in 1896 was 2.431.279.032 gallons, and the ex- 

 ports of mineral oils of all kinds were 890,458,994 

 gallons, valued at $62,383,403. The exports of 

 chemicals, drugs, and dyes have increased in value 

 from $6,754,068 in 1893 to $9,063.358 in 1896. Of 

 the exports of foreign merchandise, amounting to 

 $19.406,451, $9,799,076 went to Europe, $8,599,627 

 to Xorth American countries, $779,784 to South 

 America, $67,951 to Asia, $141,186 to Oceanica, and 

 $18,827 to Africa. 



The distribution of the foreign trade of the United 

 States is revealed in the following table, giving the 

 value of the imports of merchandise from, and the 

 total merchandise exports, domestic and foreign, to 

 each foreign country and colony in 1896: 



