778 



UNITED STATES CENSUS. 



out their first naturalization papers; 1,189,452, or 

 27-35 per cent., are aliens, while for 377,193, or 8-68 

 per cent., no information as to their citizenship was 

 obtained. The comparatively large proportion, of 

 aliens is probably due in part at least to the exces- 

 sive immigration in the years immediately preced- 

 ing the census year. 



More than one half of all the aliens in 1890 had 

 been in this country five years or more, and, so 

 far as length of residence is concerned, are eligible 

 to citizenship. That is to say, 316,600, or 26/62 per 

 cent, of all the aliens, had been in this country 

 from five to nine years; 121,599, or 10'22 per cent., 

 from ten to fourteen years, and 209,148, or 17*58 

 per cent., fifteen years or more. The whole num- 

 ber of aliens who had been in this country five years 

 and upward is 647,347, or 54-42 per cent., of all the 

 aliens. 



Of the whole number of aliens in 1890, 388,192, 

 or 32-64 per cent., were reported as not able to 

 speak English. 



Dwellings and Families. The total number of 

 occupied dwellings in the United States in June, 

 1890, was 11,483,318, the average number of persons 

 to a dwelling being 5-45. In 1880 there were 8,955,- 

 812 occupied dwellings, containing, on the average, 

 5'60 persons. 



The total number of families living in the United 

 States in June, 1890, was 12,690,152, there being 

 4'93 persons, on the average, to each family. In 

 1880 there were returned 9,945,916 families, the 

 average size of family at that census being 5'04 

 persons. 



Agriculture. The agricultural statistics do not 

 include any farm of less than 3 acres, unless at 

 least $500 worth of product had been actually sold 

 from the same during the calendar year preceding 

 the census year. 



Number of Farms. The number of farms in the 

 United States has increased from 1,449,073 in 1850 

 to 4,564,641 in 1890, or 215 per cent. The last cen- 

 sus shows an average size in farms of 137 acres, 

 being 3 acres more than in 1880 and 66 acres less 

 than in 1850. 



Ownership of Farms. There has been an in- 

 crease in the past decade of 285,422, or 9'56 per 

 cent., in farms cultivated by owners ; of 132,302, or 

 41-04 per cent., in farms rented for money; and of 

 138,010, or 19'65 per cent., in farms rented for share 

 of products. There has been an increase in the 

 percentage of improved acreage of total farm acre- 

 age from 38-50 in 1850 to 57'38 in 1890. 



Valuation of Farm Lands. The valuation of 

 farm lands has increased from $3,271,575,426 in 

 1850 to $13,279,252,649 in 1890, or 305-90 per cent. 

 Between 1880 and 1890 the increase was $3,082,155,- 

 873, or 30-23 per cent, 



tZVe Cattle, Swine, and Sheep. The number of 

 working oxen on farms, 1890, was 1,117,494; milch 



cows, 16,511,950; other cattle, 33,734,128. The 

 figures for 1880 were, respectively, 993.841, 12,443,- 

 120, and 22,488,550. The swine on farms, 1890, 

 numbered 57,409,583, being an increase of 9,827,883 

 over 1880. The aggregate of sheep, 1890, not in- 

 cluding spring lambs, was 35,935,364 743,290 over 

 1880. 



Live-stock Products Wool. The number of 

 fleeces shorn in the fall and spring preceding the. 

 eleventh census was 32,126,868. The product of 

 wool from these shearings was 165,449,239 pounds. 



Dairy Products. Official census figures show, as 

 the total quantity of milk produced on farms, 

 5,210,125,567 gallons. The total of butter is given 

 as 1,024,223,468 pounds, and of cheese 18,726.818 

 pounds. Accurate or useful comparisons can not 

 be made under either of the last two headings. 



Poultry and Eggs. According to the census re- 

 ports, the number of domestic fowl (chickens) on 

 farms in 1890 was 258.871,125, being an increase of 

 156,598,990 over 1880. The total of "all other 

 fowl " reached 26,738,315 in 1890, as against 23,23-V 

 187 in 1880. The product of eggs on farms. 1890, 

 is reported as 819,722.916362,812,000 more than at 

 the taking of the tenth census. 



Sugar and Molasses. In 1890301,284,395 pounds 

 of cane sugar and 25,409,228 gallons of cane mo- 

 lasses were produced, and in 1880 214,646,400 

 pounds and 16,573,273 gallons, art increase of 

 40-36 per cent, in sugar and 53-31 per cent, in mo- 

 lasses. Of sorghum, 24,235,219 gallons were pro- 

 duced in 1890 and 28,444.202 in 1880. Of maple 

 sugar and molasses, 32.952,927 pounds and 2,258,376 

 gallons were produced in 1890, and 36,576,061 

 pounds and 1,796,048 gallons in 1880. 



Hay. The number of acres mown for hay and 

 the number of tons of hay harvested for 1880 and 

 1890 are as follow : In 1890, 52.948,797 acres and 

 66,831,480 tons ; in 1880, 30,631,054 acres and 35,150,- 

 711 tons; increase in acreage, 72'86 per cent.; in- 

 crease in production, 90'13 per cent. 



Rice. The amount of rice produced in 1890 was 

 128,590,934 pounds, and in 1880 the amount was 

 110,131,373 pounds, an increase of l(i - 76 percent. 



Irish and Sweet Potatoes. In 1890 217,546,362 

 bushels of Irish potatoes were produced, and in 

 1880 the production was 169,458.539 bushels, an in- 

 crease of 28'38 per cent. ; of sweet potatoes, 43,950,- 

 261 bushels were produced in 1890 and 33,378,693 

 bushels in 1880, an increase of 31 - 67 per cent. 



Manufactures. Full statistics concerning se- 

 lected industries in the largest manufacturing cen- 

 ters, 1890, may be found in the last two issues of 

 the "Annual." Details of facts given in those 

 volumes are noted at the beginning of this article. 

 The comparative summary of totals entered here 

 for the United States as a whole, embracing, of 

 course, the details of cities just referred to, will 

 be found both instructive and useful, showing, as it 



SUMMARY OF CENSUS RESULTS MANUFACTURES. 



a The difference between the totals stated in this table and those published in the reports of the tenth census is 

 caused by the elimination of data duplicated under the head of " Mixed textiles." such data having been included in the 

 totals for the different branches of the textile industry; also by the inclusion of " Petroleum refining." 



b This item was not reported at the census of 1880. c Not reported separately at the census of 1880. 



