TXITKI) STATKS <TA 



77'.' 



do.-s tin 1 vast progressive strides taken in the manu- 

 f act u ring industries of tin- count ry between the 

 taking of tlie last two Federal enumerations. 



Owing to the changes iu both the form and the 

 of the inquiry at the census of is'.tl) compared 

 with that of issi). the totals as reported at the two 

 -Mould not be used to compute the 

 percentages of increase. In the following com- 

 parative statement, showing the percentage of in- 

 crease, the statistics for 1*90 do not include the 

 data for the industries previously enumerated as 

 not being included in the reports of the tenth cen- 

 sus. The employees and wages are shown under t he 

 two classes of "Officers, firm members, and clerks," 

 and " All other employees." 



Fisheries. Aggregates. The aggregate of per- 

 rinployed in fisheries in the I'nited Stah-s. 

 IS'.HI. was 163,848; ls*o. 131.426. The whole 

 amount of capital invested in this industry. 1890, is 

 recorded as $43,602,123; 1880, $87,955,349. A 

 statement of the value of fishery products, 1890, 

 gives 44.277.514: 18*0. 142,740,163. 



Persons employed. Of the aggregate employed, 

 1890, 136,665 are classified as fishermen and '26,- 

 shoremen. 



A/>j)(trfittis (tnd Capital invested. The total 

 number of vessels (not boats) engaged in the fishing 

 industries of the country, 1890. was 7.257: 1880, 

 6,605. Their net tonnage. 1890, was 174,021, with a 

 value of $11,133,265; 1880, net tonnage. 208,298; 

 value, $9.357.282. The total number of boats, as 

 distinct from vessels, 1890, is reported as 80,261, 

 valued at $4.826,150; 1880, 44,804 boats, valued at 

 s2.465.393. The value of minor apparatus, 1890, 

 was S8.363.462, other capital, including shore prop- 

 erty, being stated as $19.279.246 ; 1880, minor ap- 

 paratus. $8,145,261, and other capital $17,987,413. 



\'nh!f of Fixfirt-f/ I'l-'ulti'-fx. One of the most in- 

 teresting tables in the census volumes gives in de- 

 tail the value of products of the several fisheries, in 

 addition to the aggregate. Under this heading it 

 is shown that the product of the "general fisheries," 

 1*1)0. was s20.747.440; 1880, $22,405,018. The 

 whale fishery products. 1890, were valued at $1.- 

 <>'.i7.*75: 1880, $2.323.943. Concerning the seal 

 fisheries, it is stated that the product, 1890, was 

 valued at $438.228. as against $2.289.813 in 1880. 



Xot only do the whale and seal fisheries exhibit a 

 much reduced value of product, but even the men- 

 haden industry is reported as behind its showing of 

 the previous decade. In 1890 the value of the 

 menhaden product was $1,817,878; ISMI. S2.116,- 

 7*7. The oyster fisheries, too, show a slight de- 

 crease. The' value of products, 1890, was s 13.294.- 

 339 ; 1880, $13,403.852. Quite an advance is noted 

 in connection with the sponge fisheries. The prod- 

 uct of 1880 was only valued at $200,750, whereas 

 that of 1890 is quoted as $281.754. 



( '</,// ( 'nit tire. The number of carp culturists in 

 the United States, 1890, is reported to be 29,456. 

 The number of ponds and other bodies of water in 

 which carp have been planted. 1890, is given as 36.- 

 558; number of carp originally planted. 4.57-1. 

 number of successes reported. 12.712: number of 

 failures reported, 14.142 : amount of expense, $1,043,- 

 841 : total value of carp sold or used. $284.650. 



Mines and Mining. A useful summary of re- 

 sults, mostly in quantities, will be found in the 

 " Annual " for 1891, pages 846-847. It is not so 

 complete, however, as the latest census reports. It 

 may be noted here that the total value of mineral 

 products of the United States, 1889, was $587.230,- 

 662. The products are divided into metallic" 

 and "nonmetallic." The first includes iron ore, 

 gold and silver, copper, quicksilver, nickel, and 

 cobalt. 



Iron Ore. The value of the production, iron ore, 



iss'.i. was $38,851,078; >] raj DJ 



658; capital imested. siii'.i.766.i!i!>. 



I n, nl Silver. Thi ralae "f the com] 



gold and silver pn, 



operating expenses, $63,451,186; capita: 



- 



( '"/'/'"' ' tin- value of the cupper 



product, l-v. was *-'6.:ior,*o:i : operating 

 S12.062.1MI: capital i; 



^ttte&rifoer. According to r.-port on 



quicksilver, iss'.t. the value of product of that metal 



was $1,190,500 ; operating expei 101. 



Nickel o/nd Cofcoft. The value of the ISH;> product 

 at t he mines was S40.00U ; operat ing -xp, ns.->. s 

 1S7: capital invested. $279.000. 



Nonmetallic 1'rinlm-tx. The nonmetallic division 

 includes all minerals not included in the metallic 

 list, and embraces manganese ore. bituminous and 

 anthracite coal, petroleum, natural gas. a.-phaltum. 

 stone for building, phosphate rock, gypsum, and 15 

 other varieties, including mineral \vat< : - 

 will not permit an extended statement of values 

 and capital for each. The 5 most important only 

 can be taken. 



In value of product, bituminous coal, anthr. 

 coal, building stones (including stone u-ed for lime, 

 $8,217.015 ; for iron flux, $1,569,312 ; for grinds! 

 $439,587), petroleum, and natural gas take the lead. 

 The value of products in each, respectively. 1889, 

 was $94,346,809, $65.*7'..514. s53,035,620. S'-JIJ.'.M;:!.- 

 340. and $11.044.858. In the matter of capital in- 

 vested, 1889, bituminous coal stands first among non- 

 metallic minerals, with $180,722.319. Next comes 

 anthracite coal. $162.035.610. Third is petroleum, 

 representing $114,157,370. The building-stone in- 

 dustry takes fourth place with $90,212,433, and last 

 of the 5 is natural gas, $59.682,154. 



Transportation. Stecnn Itailroad Mileage, 

 Single Track. The steam railroad mileage, single 

 track, in the United States, 1890, was 163,562. an 

 increase of 75,761 over that of 1880. 



Freight Traffic. In a report covering 153.183 

 miles, single track, the total tons of freight car- 

 ried, 1890. was 640.452,548, of which !?92.o.ss.56n 

 tons were local. Under a heading " Total number 

 of tons carried 1 mile" the figures 79,172.464,796 

 are given. 



State and Corporation ('ana!.-:. The tabular ex- 

 hibit on canals and their uses in this article will 

 throw much light on a subject concerning which 

 but little is generally known. Few are aware of 

 the importance, from a commercial standpoint, of 

 these artificial water ways. 



Express Companies. Seventeen express com- 

 panies. 1890, operated on 174.535 miles of route, 

 160.598 being rail, 10,882 water, and 3.055 - 

 Fifteen of these corporations carried 98.118,430 

 packages, or 44,475,528 waybills. The pack 

 gave an aggregate weight of 1.646.273 tons. The 

 number of money waybills issued was 11,614.076, 

 and the number of packages carried on money way- 

 bills was 17.25s.6s2. Money orders were issued by 

 the companies to the number of 4.598.567. 



Strret Rail tea >/.*. In the Annual for ]>9o. 

 page 835, will be found a statement of motive 

 power used on surface roads in many of the larger 

 cities. The length of lines (street length), 1890. for 

 the United States was 5.7*3 miles: length of all 

 tracks, including sidings. 8.123 miles: number of 

 passenger cars. 32.505: number of employees, 7o.- 

 704 : number of pas>engers. 2.023.010,202 : total 

 $389,357,289. 



In a statement of results for cities having 50.000 

 inhabitants and over. 1890. it is reported that the 

 aggregate length of lines in such cities wa- 3.20IJ 

 miles; length of tracks, including siding-. 5.149 

 miles; number of passenger cars. 26.36:!: number 



