792 



UNITED STATES CENSUS. 



. In each of the above classes, males exceed females, 

 except in the following: 



From 15-19 years 3,308.R52 females 



" 80-84 " 105,989 



" 85-89 " 41,177 



" 90 years and over 19,842 



Among the colored population females exceed 

 males in the following classes : Fifteen to nineteen, 

 twenty to twenty-four, forty to forty-four, eighty to 

 eighty-four, eighty-five to ninety, ninety years and 

 over. 



Color. In cities of 25,000 and over (1890) the 

 colored population exceeded that of the whites in 

 Charleston, S. C., only. The colored population ex- 

 ceeds 50 per cent, of the whole in Richmond, Va., 

 Nashville and Memphis, Tenn., and Atlanta. Ga. 

 More than 25 per cent, of the inhabitants of New 

 Orleans and Washington, U. C. (1890), were colored. 



Conjugal Condition. According to the census of 

 1890, the only political division in which spinsters 

 exceed bachelors in numbers is the District of 

 Columbia. In every State and Territory the single 

 males exceed the married males. In 18 States the 

 excess is over 50 per cent. Married females are less 

 in number than spinsters in every State and Terri- 

 tory. 



Native and Foreign Born. The five States hav- 

 ing the largest number of foreign-born inhabitants 

 (1890) were New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, 

 Massachusetts, and Michigan, lorvujn Whites. 

 The foreign whites, in point of members, were 

 stronger (1890) in New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois. 

 Massachusetts, and Michigan. Canadians are most. 

 numerous in Massachusetts and Michigan : Mexi- 

 cans are found principally in Texas and Arizona; 

 Cubans and South Americans congregate chiefly in 

 Florida and New York; English, Scotch, and Irish 

 prefer New York. Pennsylvania. Massachusetts,. and 

 Illinois; Welsh find their homes mostly in Penn- 

 sylvania and Ohio; Germans are found largely in 

 New York, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Ohio : Dutch 

 reside in Michigan, Illinois, New York, and Iowa. 

 Belgians choose Wisconsin, New York, Illinois, 

 and Michigan ; Swiss, in the order stated, are most 

 populous in New York, Ohio, ( California, and Illi- 

 nois; the Norwegian portion of the population is 

 thickest in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, and Iowa ; 

 Swedes also favor these States, with Nebraska in- 

 cluded ; Danes cluster most in Iowa, Nebraska, and 

 Minnesota; there are many Russians in South Da- 

 kota and Michigan ; the largest number of Hun- 

 garians (1890) were in Pennsylvania ; Bohemians 

 and Poles in Illinois. Italians are plentiful in Cali- 

 fornia and New Jersey : Spaniards have a strong 

 liking for Texas, California, and Florida ; Portu- 

 guese seem to prefer California and Massachusetts; 

 Greeks, Chinese, and Japanese cling to the Pacific 

 coast. 



Native and Foreign Born in Cities. In no city 

 over 50,000 (1890) did the foreign-born inhabitants 

 predominate. The cities having over 50 per cent, of 

 foreign-born population were New York, Chicago. 

 Boston, San Francisco, Cleveland, Ohio, Buffalo, 

 N. Y., Detroit, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, and St. 

 Paul. 



Illiteracy. Of the total illiterates, ten years of 

 age and over (1890), the largest percentages were in 

 New Mexico (65 per cent.); South Carolina (55 per 

 cent.) ; Alabama (50 per cent.) ; Georgia (49 per- 

 cent.); and Mississippi (49 per cent.). Of native 

 white illiterates, ten years and over, the greatest 

 numbers were in New Mexico (64 per cent.); North 

 Carolina (32 per cent.) ; Tennessee (27 per cent.) ; 

 Arkansas (25 per cent.) ; and Alabama (25 per 

 cent.). Of foreign white illiterates ten years and 

 over, the largest total were in New Mexico (43 per 

 cent.) ; Rhode Island (27 per cent.) ; New Hamp- 



shire (27 per cent,); Arizona (27 per cent.); and 

 Vermont (27 per cent.). Of colored illiterates, in- 

 cluding persons of negro descent, Chinese. Japanese, 

 and civilized Indians, the largest numbers (1890) 

 were in New Mexico (92 per cent.); Georgia (82 

 per cent.); Alabama (80 per cent.); Louisiana (7!) 

 per cent.) : and South Carolina (78 per cent.). 



Gainful Occupations. Proportion of Females. 

 Of the total of persons ten years of age and over 

 employed in gainful occupations, the number of 

 females exceeded 25 per cent, of the whole in New 

 Hampshire. Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connec- 

 ticut, New York. Maryland, District of Columbia, 

 North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, 

 Mississippi, and Louisiana. In agricultural, fishing, 

 and mining pursuits more than 25 per cent, are fe- 

 males in South Carolina. Alabama, Mississippi, and 

 Louisiana. In professional service the percentage 

 of females exceeds 50 per cent, in New York. Illi- 

 nois, Michigan, Wisconsin. Minnesota, Iowa. North 

 Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, and Kansas. In 

 domestic and personal service (1890) females ex- 

 ceeded males in the District of Columbia, Virginia, 

 North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. In 

 mechanical and manufacturing industries the num- 

 ber of females to the whole engaged, ten years and 

 over (1890), exceeded 25 per cent, in 11 St Sites. 



Leading Occupations of Females. The 10 lead- 

 ing occupations of women, exclusive of those clas>ed 

 as servants and laborers are, with the number of 

 women employed (1890), as follows: 



Dressmakers 288.328 



Teachers, school and college JM.I. '',', 1 



With, or as farmers, planters, and overseers 220,427 



Laundresses 216.631 



Seamstresses 146.043 



Cotton-mill operatives 92.965 



Clerks and copyists 64.219 



Tailoresses 63.si 19 



Milliners 00.087 



Saleswomen 58,451 



The professions and industries in which more 

 women than men were employed (1890) arc: 



Snrrirors of the Civil War. The States con- 

 taining (1890) the largest number of Federal sur- 

 vivors (soldiers, sailors, and marines) were : Penn- 

 sylvania, 110.780 ; Ohio, 101.602 ; New York, 86.041 ; 

 Illinois, 71.158; Missouri, 63.747. Of the Confed- 

 erate survivors, Texas, in 1890, held the largest 

 number. 66,791 : the next in order being Virginia. 

 48.713: Georgia, 47.080; North Carolina, 43,947; 

 and Alabama. 34,004. 



Agriculture. Unimproved Land. The States 

 having the largest percentage of acreage in unim- 

 proved land (1890) were: Arizona (92 per cent.); 

 Florida (68 per cent.); New Mexico (67 per cent.) ; 

 North Carolina (65 per cent.) ; and Arkansas (63 



