AFRICA. 





ing his inability to raise any such sum the palaver was 

 broken otf, and he was placed uiiilei ther 



witli his relatives and chief officials. Tie 

 of the palace v. - ated by the military au- 



thorities, who had the fetich B d by 



dynaniite. Tlie troi.j.s had a brief opportunity to 

 loot the town, but this was stojij.cd. On ,| ;i n'. 22 

 the British column set out on their return march to 

 tlie sea. Notwithstanding the most careful sanitary 

 uitions 50 per cent, of the men and mure than 



i- cent, of the officers were attacked by :" 



: Pigott was appointed resident at Km 



peh and his mother and 11 other rei.v 

 and chiefs were deported as prisoner- to F.lmina, 

 and there confined in the fortress. A large li 

 force was stationed at Kumassi. The l\"inu r > of 

 Manpon. Bekwai. and Koranza had accepted British 

 pr< lection before the fall of Prempeh. ,Mr. Maxwell 

 traveled through Ashanti and received the submis- 

 sion of other chiefs. 



French Possessions. The French \ 



legal and Rivieres du Sud. the French Soudan 



and Niger, and Gabun and the Guinea coast have 



an area estimated at :>S6.000 square miles, with 



inhabitants, and the French Congo has an 



estimated at SOO.UOO square miles, with 6,900,- 

 000 inhabitants. There were 21 stations in !*:' 

 the Gabun coast and in the Congo, Ogowe, and 

 other rivers. The French territories are to a great 

 extent covered with forests. The exports are India 

 rubber, cacao, coffee, ivory, sandalwood. palm oil, 

 and gum copal. The value of the imports of the 

 Gabun and French Congo in 1803 was 2.677.000 

 francs, and of the ex ".9,000 francs. There 



are 2o schools, with 800 pupils. The expenditure 

 in 1*95 was ::.M',K)..-,46 francs, of which 1.600.400 

 francs were contributed from the French treasury. 

 In 1896 the expenditure of France was l.s^.ntil 

 francs. The possessions of France were extended 

 from Senegal to the upper and middle Niger before 

 the English were active in these regions except as 

 traders. The French annexations embrace consid- 

 erable areas to the east of the Niger, including the 

 kingdom of Kong and neighboring territories. By 

 the Anglo-French convention of 1800 England 

 recognized as a French sphere of influence all the 



:i between the Say-Barrua line and the French 

 - on the Mediterranean coast of Africa. 

 In the bend of the Niger the French and British 

 spheres have not yet been delimited. The total 

 area ascribed to France in this part of W,-t Africa 

 is .">.->0.000 square miles. The French Sahara, on the 

 north, has an area of about 1.000.000 square miles. 

 Various projects for railroad routes from Algeria 

 or Tunis to Lake Chad or the Niger have been dis- 



1. The French possessions are divided admin- 

 istratively int. :he French Soudan, and 

 French Guinea and dependencies, including Ri- 

 vieres du'Sud. Senegal and Rivieres du Sud are 

 made to include occupied, annexed, and protected 

 countries. The occupied or settled districts a 

 Louis. Dakar, and Rufisque. and the island of Goree. 

 Various ports on the coast and districts on the 

 Senegal river are classed as annexed terri' 

 Among the protectorates are Walo. "favor. Toro. 

 Dimar. and Danga. Senegal proper includes sev- 

 eral stations on tlie river as far as Matam and the 

 coast district between Cape Verde and Gambia, 

 which, with the settled parts of Rivieres du Sud. 

 embrace an area of 14.700 square miles and a popu- 

 lation estimated at l.luO.OOO. The population of 

 St. Louis, the capital, is 20.000. The colony is rep- 

 resented by one Deputy in the French Chamber. 

 and is administered by a Governor General a--i<ted 

 by a Colonial Council." The Governor General is M. 

 Chaudie. The commander-in-chief of the forces in 

 West Africa is Gen. Boileve. There were 82 officers 



h and n;i' 

 of railroad and ~>14 inn 



'.-. with l.lfj ! npleted in 



:nports o! 



! ft! 

 tiief artic 



-rums. India rubber, 

 local revenue in - 

 penditure of France for 1 

 Tin-re i- a debt of 517.657 francs. The 



llofx. a race of pi. 



Fetiehi.Mn is declining, being rapidly Mipplant<-d 

 by Mohammedanisi) ti Soudan 



braces the countries on the uj i and mi 



the upper and middle Niger, and tl. in 



the interior from tlie Kivien- du Sud. < i. 

 npper Senegal are annexed disti i ~. I.IHMI 



square miles, with a population ./ The 



othc:- . and \iu\- 



area < i -J^Miim square mi 

 inhabitants. The states ruled by Samory ha- 



ated area of 50.000 square miles and about 



"0 inhabitants. The extent and populou- 

 of i). ; Tieba are not known. The Lieu- 



tenant Governor of the French Soudan. Col. de 

 Trentinian, has his P ;he uji[)er 



_al. A railroad runs from Kayes as far in the 

 direction of th. i'.afoulabe. 04 miles. The 



local revenue of 1*95 was 1.44'J>27 franc-. The 

 expenditure of France for '.IHMI 



francs. The trade of the Soudan is mostly with 

 the countries on the other side of the Sahara. 

 Caravans bring across the desert English ami 

 man manufactures from Mogador. the leathers of 

 Tuat. sugar, tea. pepper, and, above all. blocks of 

 salt from Tadeni. The commerce in salt is in the 

 hands of the Berabish tribe of Morocco. Timbuc- 

 too. on the Niger, is the emporium where these im- 

 ports are exchaged for cereals, rice, shia, butter. 



n, honey, wax, gold, and ivory, brought in 

 canoes from the south. Since the occupation of 

 this great mart by the French, silver money has re- 

 placed to a considerable extent the cowrie shells 

 that were the only medium of exchange. Large 

 quantities of French silver, mostly five-franc j 

 have been imported from Tripoli. The commerce 

 of Timbuctoo amounts to 4.000.000 francs a year. 

 The Timbuctoo region is of great agricultural 

 value. Wild rice covers the country, and in the 

 neighborhood of the villages the natives cultivate 

 large fields of millet, cotton, and beans, and have 

 recently taken up the culture of wheat. The\ 



_ Teat numbers of horses, camels, and asses and 

 a small breed of cattle. 



Rivieres du Sud is the official name of the terri- 

 tory comprising loo miles of the coast of Guinea 

 north of Fouta Djalon. which was formed into a 

 separate colony in 1890. The capital is Conakry, 

 on the island of Tombo. The population of the 



settlements in is'.to was 47.541. The stations 

 of Grand Bassam. Assinie. .Tackeville. and Grand 



u on the Gold Coast and the Benin settlements 

 of Porto Novo, Kotonu. Grand Pope, and A_ 

 are under the same administration. In 1891 the 

 Ivory v 100 miles as far as the border of 



Liberia was annexed. The area of the Gold ' 

 and Benin settlements and protected terri: 

 connected with them is estimated a! ;iare 



miles. Dahomey was brought under French domi- 

 nation as the result of hostilities that ended in the 

 surrender of King Behanzin on Jan. 25. 1S94. The 

 chiefs chose Guthili to be their king, and h- 



_-:iized and installed by the French authorities. 



Dahomey has an area of -i.ixxi square miles ami a 



population of 150.000. not including the parts that 



before and after the war were included in the 



h colony, of which Grand Popo has 100,000 



