226 



CONGRESS, CONFEDERATE. 



out-stations, schoolhouses, &c., in connection 

 with the foregoing churches, amounting prob- 

 ably to double the number of those churches, 

 making a total of some 10,000 places where, 

 statedly or occasionally, the Gospel is preached. 

 In addition to the above, a considerable num- 

 ber of independent churches exist in London 

 and throughout the country, known generally 

 as " High Calvinist," but which, having no or- 

 ganized associations themselves, not being in 

 fellowship with the Congregational body, are 

 not included. Number of churches vacant: 

 in England, 155 ; Wales, 79 ; Scotland, 14 ; 

 Ireland, 4 ; Colonies, 27 total, 2V9. Number of 

 Congregational ministers: In England, 1,737; 

 "Wales, 361 ; Scotland, 99 ; Ireland, 80; Colonies, 

 216; heathen lands, 168 total, 2,611. Number 

 of students : in England, 320 ; "Wales, 90 ; 

 Scotland, 16; Colonies, 30 total, 456. Of the 

 2,612 ministers, there are at present without 



Eastoral charges : in England, 387 ; "Wales, 35 ; 

 cotland and Ireland, 17 ; Colonies, 41 total, 

 480. There are on the Continent of Europe 

 148 independent churches, in Belgium, France, 

 Geneva, Holland, and Switzerland." (See CON- 



GREGATIONALISTS, UNITARIAN.) 



CONGRESS, CONFEDERATE. The pro- 

 ceedings of the Congress * at Richmond were so 

 generally conducted in secret session, that their 

 action on only a few subjects of interest is 

 known. In the House on the 19th of Jan. Mr. 

 Clopton, of Alabama, offered a series of joint 

 resolutions relating to the conduct of the exist- 

 ing war and the late proclamation of the Presi- 

 dent of the United States. 



Mr. Foote, of Tennessee, preferred in lieu of 

 retaliatory measures, as suggested by the reso- 

 lutions, that an attempt should be made to stop 

 the shedding of blood by a movement to bring 

 about peace. It would strengthen the friends 

 of peace at the North, and perhaps have the 



* The following were the members of Congress at the sec- 

 ond session convened in Richmond on the 1st of December, 

 1863. For the list of members convened at the first session 

 in December, 1862, see ANNUAL CYCLOPEDIA, 1862. 



SENATE. 



ALEXANDER H. STEPHENS, of Georgia, President. 



J. H. NASH, of South Carolina, Cleric. 

 Alabama Clement C. Clay, Robert Jemison, Jr. 

 Arkatwa* Robert W. Johnson, Charles B. Mitchell. 

 Florida James M. Baker, Augustus E. Maxwell. 

 Georgia Benjamin H. Hill, Herpchel V. Johnson. 

 Kentucky Henry C. Burnett, William E. Simms. 

 Louisiana Thomas J. Semraes, Edward Sparrow. 

 MiMittippi Albert O. Brown, James Phelan. 

 Miwouri John B. Clark. 



North Carolina George Davis, William T. Dortch. 

 Snuth Carolina Robert W. Barnwell, James L. Orr. 

 Ttnntwt Landon C. Haynes, Gnstavns A. Henry. 

 Tnxu William S. Oldham, Lewis T. Wigfall. 

 Virginia Robert M. T. Hunter, Allen T. Caperton. 



HOUSE. 



THOMAS 8. BOCOCK, of Virginia, Speaker. 

 ALBEKT R. LAMAR, of Georgia, Clerk. 

 Alabama Thomas J. Foster, William R. Smith. John P- 

 Rawlea, Jabez L. M. Cnrry, Francis 8. Lvon, William P- 

 Chilton, David Clopton. James L. Pugh, Edward L. Dargan- 

 Arkansat Felix I. P. Batson, Grand. D. Royster, Augus- 

 tus H. Garland, Thomas B. Hanley. 

 Florida James B. Dorkins, Robert B. Hilton. 

 Georgia Julian Hartridge, C. J. Monnalym, Augustus H. 



effect of producing a state of things so much 

 desired notwithstanding the opposition of the 

 abolition party. 



Mr. Dargan, of Alabama, took the ground 

 that Powers at war must retaliate. The reso- 

 lutions contemplated the turning over "of cap- 

 tured officers to State Governments, and to let 

 them be punished according to the laws. He 

 did not think that was correct, but he suggested 

 that the Government should take the responsi- 

 bility itself. Mr. Lyons, of Virginia, suggested 

 that the Government had no power to turn 

 these captured officers over to the States. 

 Nor was there any necessity for the resolu- 

 tions, since the President has said in his message 

 he will do it unless prevented by Congress. 

 He favored the passage of a law prohib- 

 iting such a course, and to repose the 

 power of retaliation entirely in the hands of 

 the Government. "When an officer was captur- 

 ed, if there was cause for retaliation, we might 

 retaliate upon him ; if not, we were bound to 

 exchange him. They could not, by any law of 

 nations, when captured by one' Government, be 

 turned over to another Government for trial. He 

 would prefer that any officer captured in any 

 State after the promulgation of that proclama- 

 tion should be instantly hung; not subject him 

 to the uncertainties of a trial by jury. 



Mr. Kenner, of Louisiana, called the atten- 

 tion of the House to the fact that this portion 

 of the President's message was referred to the 

 Committee of "Ways and Means. The comm ittee 

 was now prepared to report. He moved, as 

 instructed by the committee, that the House 

 now go into secret session for the purpose of 

 receiving that report. 



The motion was agreed to. 



Subsequently the subject came up in the 

 Senate, when Mr. Yancey, of Alabama, offered 

 the following resolution : 



Keenan, David W. Lewis, William W. Clark, Robert P. 

 Trippe, Lucius J. Gartrell, Hardy Strickland, Augustus R. 



Kentucky W. B. Machen, John W. Crockett, H. E. 

 Reid, George W. Ewing, James S. Crisman, T. L. Burnett, 

 II. W. Bruce, G. B. Hodges, E. M. Bruce, J. W. Moore, B. 

 J. Breckinridge, John M. Elliott. 



Louisiana Charles J. Villers, Charles M. Conrad, Dun- 

 can F. Kenner, Lucien J. Dupre, Henry Marshall, John 

 Perkins, Jr. 



MwsiiifrippiJ. W. Clapp, Reuben Davis, Israel Welch, 

 H. C. Chambers, O. E. fciugleton, E. Barksdale, John J. 

 McRae. 



Missouri Thomas A. Harris, Casper W. Bell, A. H. Con- 

 row, George C. Vest, L. W. Freeman. 



North Carolina Wm. H. N. Smith, Robert R. Bridges, 

 Owen R. Keenan, F. D. McDowell, A. H. Arrington, J. R. 

 McLean, Thomas 8. Ashe, William Lander, Burgess 8. 

 Gaither, A. T. Davidson. 



South Carolina John McQueen, "W. Porcher Miles, L. 

 M, Adger, W. D. Simpson, James Farran, W. W. Boy. ... 



Tennessee Joseph T. Heiskell, William G. Swan", W. B. 

 Tlbbs, E. L. Gardner, Henry S. Foote, Meredith 1'. O entry, 

 George W. Jones, Thomas Mences, J. D. C. Atkins, John V. 

 Wright, David M. Currin. 



Texa*^ John A. Wilcox, Claiborne C. Herbert, Peter W. 

 Gray. F. B. Sexton, Malcolm D. Graham, William B. 

 Vaughn. 



Virginia M. R. H. Garnett, John R. Chambers, James 

 Lyons, Charles F. Collier, Thomas 8. Bocock, John Goode, 

 Jr., James P. Holcombe, D. C. De Jarnette, David Ftinstcn, 

 Alexander R. Boteler, John R. Baldwin, Waller R. Staples, 

 Walter Preston, Samuel A. Miller, Robert Johnston, Charles 

 W. Russell. 



