CUMBERLAND VALLEY. 



DELACROIX, F. V. E. 



333 



Maryland ; to permit free transmission of slaves 

 by land or water in any State ; to pay for fugi- 

 tive slaves rescued after arrest ; to ask the re- 

 peal of personal liberty laws in the States ; and 

 he advocated the incorporation of these con- 

 cessions into the Constitution, as unalterable 

 clauses of that instrument, with an earnestness 

 and eloquence characteristic of his early legis- 

 lative career. But in the opinion of a majority 

 of Congress the time for concession had passed, 

 and the resolutions were accordingly defeated. 

 . Hostilities having commenced, Mr. Critten- 

 den at once avowed himself in favor of main- 

 taining at all hazards the integrity of the Union 

 and the supremacy of the laws. He took his 

 seat in the U. S. House of Representatives as a 

 member from the Seventh Congressional Dis- 

 trict of Kentucky, at the extra session of July, 

 1861, and throughout that Congress participa- 

 ted in the chief debates, if not as an avowed 

 partisan of the administration in all its meas- 

 ures, yet as an earnest and patriotic legislator, 

 superior to party claims or political prejudices. 

 The sole survivor of a past generation of states- 

 men, and representing a State whose territory 

 in the first year of the war was at least de- 

 batable ground, he could not conform to the new 

 radical opinions which the crisis evolved, and 

 opposed the Confiscation Act, the Emancipation 

 Proclamation, and the enlistment of negroes 

 into the army, as measures fraught with dan- 

 ger to the country, and, some of them, uncon- 

 stitutional. But these he claimed were minor 

 considerations in comparison with the impor- 

 tance of crushing out every vestige of armed re- 

 sistance to the Government. " Here is the re- 

 bellion," he said, "with the hand uplifted; is 

 it not our duty to save our country first, and 

 then turn round and save the Constitution? 

 The measures to which I have alluded are ob- 

 noxious, but the rebellion is more so." And 

 in an address to his constituents, by whom he 

 had been renominated for Congress, delivered 

 but a few weeks before his death, he reiterated 

 his purpose in these words : " In defeat or vic- 

 tory my determination is to stand by and main- 

 tain the Government, and to do all I can to pro- 

 mote a vigorous prosecution of the war." 



CUMBERLAND VALLEY may be regard- 

 ed as an extension, north of the Potomac, of 

 the Shenandoah valley. It extends to the 

 north and east from the Potomac river to the 

 Lebanon valley, and contains the towns of Ha- 



gerstown, Maryland; Chambersburg, Carlisle, 

 Harrisburg, &c., in Pennsylvania. It is bound- 

 ed on the north and west by the Blue moun- 

 tain range, and on the southeast by the South 

 Mountain, which extends northeasterly and 

 terminates south of Carlisle. The soil is cal- 

 careous, exceedingly fertile, and in a high state 

 of cultivation. It was invaded by the Confed- 

 erate troops in June, 1863. 



CUTLER, BENJAMIN CLABK, D.D., born in 

 Roxbury, Mass., Feb. 6th, 1798, died at Brook- 

 lyn, N. Y., Feb. 10th, 1863. He was for some 

 time a clerk in the mercantile house of Messrs. 

 Benjamin Andrews & Co., of Boston, and, at 

 the age of 17, was confirmed as a member of 

 the Episcopal Church, in the parish of St. Paul's 

 in that city. At about this period he began 

 his classical studies, under the direction of Dr. 

 Jarvis, then rector of St. Paul's, and com- 

 menced to prepare for the ministry. He enter- 

 ed Brown University in 1818 ; graduated in 

 the class of 1822, and pursued his theological 

 studies under the direction of Bishop Griswold, 

 then of Bristol, and by him was ordained 

 deacon, in November, 1822. His first settle- 

 ment was in Quincy, Mass., where he remain- 

 ed about seven years, leaving his charge only 

 on account of failing health. After a few 

 months he took passage for Savannah, where 

 he spent the winter of 1830. He returned to 

 New England, on horseback, and -his health 

 was greatly benefited by the exercise. He 

 subsequently passed about a year as rector of 

 the Episcopal church in Leesburg, Va. In 

 the summer of 1832, he took charge of the first 

 city mission of the Episcopal church in the city 

 of New York ; and in April, 1833, he accepted 

 the call of St. Anne's Church, in Brooklyn, to 

 become its rector, in the place of Rev. Dr. Mcll- 

 vaine, who had been chosen bishop of the Epis- 

 copal diocese of Ohio. Here Dr. Clark spent 

 the last thirty years of his life, a faithful pas- 

 tor of a large and rapidly increasing congrega- 

 tion. Though his health was never strong, his 

 labors were crowned with abundant success, 

 and few pastors enjoyed more completely than 

 himself the entire confidence and love of a peo- 

 ple, or the respect and esteem of a community. 

 In 1835 he received the degree of Doctor of 

 Divinity from Columbia College. The imme- 

 diate cause of his death proved to be an ulcer 

 in the stomach, which at the last was attended 

 with severe suffering. 



D 



D ALTON, the capital of Whitefield county, 

 Georgia, is situated on the Atlantic and West- 

 ern railroad, one hundred miles N. N. W. of 

 Atlanta, and thirty-eight miles from Chatta- 

 nooga. It is located in a beautiful and fertile 

 valley, environed by mountains. Large quan- 

 tities of grain are produced in Whitefield and 

 the adjacent counties. It was strongly occu- 



pied by the Confederate forces under Gen. 

 Johnston, during the winter of 1863-'4 - 

 DANNEWERKE. (See DENMARK.) 

 DELACROIX, FEKDIXAND VICTOR EUGENE, 

 an eminent French painter, born at Charenton 

 Saint Maurice, near Paris, April 26th, 1798, 

 died August 13th, 1863. He was the son of 

 Charles Delacroix de Constant, a prominent 



