422 



FRANKLIN. 



FREDERIC VII. 



The movements of shipping during 1862 and 

 1863 were as follows: 



1862. 



The merchant navy, on December 31st, 1861, 

 consisted of 



I Skips. I Tonnage. 



For the external relations of France, see DIP- 

 LOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE ; EUBOPBAHT COK- 

 GBESS ; MEXICO, and POLAND. 



FRANKLIN, the capital of St. Mary's par- 

 ish, Louisiana, was a port of entry, and a 

 thriving town, on the west bank of the river 

 Teche, 65 miles from the Gulf of Mexico. It is 

 situated in a rich planting district. Cotton, 

 sugar, and maize were exported by the river, 

 which was navigated by large steamers. On 

 the advance of Gen. Banks, in April, the divis- 

 ion of Gen. Grover had a sharp conflict with 

 the Confederate force, under Gen. Taylor, near 

 Franklin. 



FREDERIC VII., King of Denmark, born 

 in Copenhagen, October 6th, 1808, died at his 

 palace, GlGcksborg, South Jutland, November 

 15th, 1863. He was the son of Christian VIII., 

 and the Princess Charlotte Frederike, of Meck- 

 lenburg-Schwerin, and ascended the throne 

 January 20th, 1848. In his youth he travelled 

 through Germany and Switzerland, passing 

 more than a year in Geneva, Italy, and the 

 south of France ; and on his return he mar- 

 ried, November 1st, 1828, Vilhelmine Marie, 

 daughter of Frederick VI., from whom he sep- 

 arated in 1837, and the same year was removed 

 by royal order to Fredericia, in Jutland, where 

 he was for some time commandant and chief 

 of an infantry regiment. His exile ended with 

 his father's accession to the throne, in 1839. 



In June, 1841, he was married to the Princess 

 Caroline Charlotte Marianne, of Mecklenburg- 

 Strelitz, whom he also put away in September, 

 1846 ; and in August, 1850, contracted a mor- 

 ganatic marriage with a milliner of Copenha- 

 gen, whom he had previously created Countess 

 Danner. In 1844 he visited Scotland and the 

 Faroes as Crown Prince. Frederick VII. com- 

 menced his reign by quashing all the prosecu- 

 tions which the Chancery of the day had insti- 

 tuted for political offences ; and on the 28th of 

 January issued a royal rescript promising a 

 free constitution for the whole monarchy. But, 

 in the meantime there had grown up a strong 

 interest in the future government and control 

 of the Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, 

 which had resolved itself into a powerful con- 

 spiracy, assisted by Prussia, which wished to 

 seize the valuable harbors and rich districts of 

 the southern part of the State. This move- 

 ment was urged on, on the one hand, by the: 

 German ministers, and on the other, by the fe- 

 verish spirit excited by the French revolution 

 of 1830. Thus, only nine weeks after ascend- 

 ing the throne, the new king found himself in- 

 volved in a war for life or death against an 

 unexampled outbreak of treachery and revolt. 

 On the 18th of March, 1848, the provincial 

 deputies of these Duchies agreed to send a dep- 

 utation to the king, demanding the union of 

 Schleswig and Holstein under one Govern- 

 ment ; the former to be delivered over as a 

 member to the German Confederation. But 

 on the 20th there was a great meeting of the 

 citizens in the Danish capital, and an immense 

 assembly, headed by the mayor and magis- 

 trates, went to the king's palace to ask for 

 a new and liberal national ministry. This 

 wish had already been fulfilled, and on the 

 24th was formed the first constitutional and 

 responsible cabinet that the kingdom had seen 

 for more than three hundred years. This was 

 followed by a free constitution signed by the 

 king on the 5th of June, 1849. During the 

 revolution, King Frederick stood fast by his 

 people, and succeeded in preserving his Danish 

 province of Schleswig from the German invad- 

 ers, while at the same time he boldly defended 

 the freedom of the State. During the efforts 

 of late years to force on the nation an imprac- 

 ticable "whole State" Government, he still 

 resisted all attempts to reach that object by 

 restoring despotism, and when this scheme fell 

 to pieces, resisted by both the Danes in Den- 

 mark, and the Germans in Holstein and Lauei - 

 burg, he laid before the Rigsraad a new law, 

 for drawing still tighter the bonds between the 

 Danish parts of the realm the kingdom pro[>- 

 er and Schleswig. This bill has since bee a 

 signed and accepted by the new king, flhristiaa 

 IX. Like his royal father, King Frederick was 

 an excellent antiquary. His private museum 

 was large and rich, though mostly in collec- 

 tion of the remains and antiquities of his own 

 land, and of the Scandinavian races. Unforti - 

 nately a portion of this museum was 



