GEEAT BRITAIN. 



459 



the average degree of pauperism in the pros- 

 perous period of the first quarter of 1861, by 

 showing the numbers weekly relieved in every 

 1,000 of the population ; the second column 

 contains the actual mean of the numbers so re- 

 lieved; the third column shows the highest 

 numbers returned as receiving relief during 

 the cotton famine ; and the fourth column the 

 number on the 12th of September, 1863. 



Finances of Great Britain. The revenue 

 actually collected in the United Kingdom in 

 the year ending June 30, 1863, was 70,683,- 

 860=$342,109,887.24 in gold. The expendi- 

 ture for the same time was 69,302,008=$335,- 

 421,718.72. The corrected estimates of the 

 Chancellor of the Exchequer for the year end- 

 ing March 31, 1864, were, Revenue 68,171,- 

 000; Expenditure, G7,705,000=$327,692,200. 

 Of the revenue collected in the year ending 

 June 30, 1863, 24,100,000 was received from 

 Customs; 16,674,000 from Excise ; 9,135,- 

 000 from Stamps ; 3,183,000 from other tax- 

 es ; 10,713,000 from the Property and In- 

 come tax ; 3,750,000 from the Post Office ; 

 300,500 from Crown Lands ; Miscellaneous, 

 2,828,361. The interest on the public debt 

 for the year 1863-'4 was 26,400,000=$127,- 

 776,000. The debt itself on the 31st of March, 

 1863, was 799,802,139=$3,871,0i2,352.76. 



Army. For the year 1863-'4 , the regular 

 army of Great Britain consists of a general 

 staff of 104 officers, 137,769 officers and men 

 in the regiments in active service ; 9,349 offi- 

 cers and men in the depots of Indian regi- 

 ments ; 697 officers and men in the recruiting 

 and other establishments, and 323 officers and 

 men in the tra'ming schools, making a total of 

 148,244 officers and men comprising the regu- 

 lar army. In addition to these, the British 

 forces in India consist of 3,474 officers, 5,480 

 non-commissioned officers, 63,722 rank and 

 file; in all 72,676 officers and men. There is 

 also a force of disembodied militia, consisting 

 of 29,730 officers and men who have 35 days' 

 drill and training, and 128,968 who have 21 

 days' training ; and 162,681 officers and men 

 of the volunteer force. There are therefore 

 220,918 officers and men in the regular and 

 Indian armies, and 321,380 militia and volun- 



teers, who can be called out in case of inva-ion. 

 The total cost of the maintenance of this force 

 for the year 1863-'4 is set down as 15,060,- 

 237=$72,891,547. The annual cost of each 

 private soldier to the Government for pay, beer, 

 money, clothing, fire, forage, and other allow- 

 ances, is : in tho Royal Horse Artillery, 55 

 6s. lid.=$267.68; in the Life Guards, 68 

 16s. 8^d. =$332.13; in .the Horse Guards, 

 63 14s. 2^d. =$308.33; Cavalry of the Line, 

 52 11s. 3id.=$294.39; Koyal Foot Artil- 

 lery, 32 6s. 114d.=$156.55; Royal Engin- 

 eers, 31 5s. 3|d. = $151.31 ; Military Train, 

 31 15s. 9}d.=$153.78 ; Foot Guards, 28 

 17s. 7fd.=$139 75 ; infantry of tho line, 26 

 3s. 5id.=$126.68. 



Navy. The navy of Great Britain in Jan- 

 uary, 1863, including vessels under construc- 

 tion, consisted of 1,014 vessels of all sorts, but 

 of these on the 20th of March, 1863, only 669, 

 including the vessels in process of construction, 

 were effective. Of these 28, viz., six second 

 rates, screw steamers, carrying from 30 to 40 

 guns ; four iron and six wood third rates, car- 

 rying from 16 to 35 guns, three small turretted 

 vessels, carrying from 5 to 8 guns each, two 

 sloops, and three iron and four wood floating 

 batteries, were armor plated; 59 were steam- 

 ships of the line, of which 3 were building ; 44 

 were screw and 15 paddle frigates; 9 were 

 screw block ships; 26 were screw .corvettes ; 

 37 screw, and 28 paddle sloops of war, 166 

 screw gunboats (of which, however, the larger 

 number have since proved worthless) ; 54 

 screw gun vessels, 4 screw, and 73 sailing mor- 

 tar ships and vessels, and the remainder de- 

 spatch vessels, troop and store ships, yachts, ten- 

 ders, tugs, &c. Twenty-nine steam vessels not 

 armor plated even in course of construction 

 were ordered suspended. On the 1st of July, 

 1803, there -were only 355 steamships and 36 

 sailing vessels afloat in the navy, aside from the 

 coast-guard vessels (revenue service), and of 

 these, 35 steamers and 7 sailing vessels were 

 without guns. The number of officers, men, 

 and boys in the British Navy is 48,000 (9,000 

 boys) ; in tho coast-guard service, 10,000, and 

 the Royal Marine Force, 18,000. 



Commerce and Navigation. The latest re- 

 turns of imports and exports are to January 

 1st, 1853. The imports of the year 1862 were 

 in value 226,592,720 = $1,096,808,764.80 ; 

 The exports except bullion were 167,189,398, 

 = $809,196,686.32, and the amount of bullion 

 exported was 29,326,191 = $141,938,766.44. 

 The total amount of cotton imported into 

 Great Britain in 1862 was 523,973,296 Ibs., 

 against 1,390,938,752 Ibs. imported in 1860. 

 the amount exported was 214,714,528, against 

 250,339,040 Ibs. in 1860, leaving for hcrme con- 

 sumption 309,258,768 Ibs., or about ^ of the 

 amount in 1860. 



Education. The number of primary schools 

 inspected in Great Britain in 1862 was 8,014; 

 there were present in them 1,057,426 children, 

 who were taught by 9,115 certificated teach- 





