HABEAS CORPUS. 



469 



dictionary no word employed in German liter- 

 ature between the time of Luther and that of 

 Goethe was to be omitted, and the varied learn- 

 ing and research of the two brothers were tasked 

 to make it the most perfect contribution to 

 philological science ever published. 



II. GRIMM, LUDWIG EMIL, a younger brother 

 of the preceding, born in Steinau in 1790, died 

 at Oassel in March, 1863. He was eminent as 

 a painter, and at the time of his death was 

 professor of painting in the academy at Cassel. 

 lie had studied painting under Karl Hess at 

 Munich, served in the campaign of 1813, and 

 after the peace resumed his studies at Cassel 

 and Munich. He went to Italy in 1817, and 

 returned the following year. In 1832 he was 

 appointed professor in the Academy of Art in 

 Cassel. Of his paintings, a madonna and nu- 

 merous portraits are most admired. He also 

 attained high reputation as an engraver, having 

 executed nearly 150 engravings of great merit, 

 many of them his own compositions. 



GWILT, JOSEPH, Esq., an English architect, 

 born in the parish of St. George the Martyr, 

 South wark, Jan. 17th, 1784, died at South Hill, 

 Henley-on-Thames, Sept. 14th, 1863. After 

 having passed some years at a boarding school, 

 when about fourteen years of age, he was sent 

 to St. Paul's School, where he remained near- 

 ly two years. In 1801, he was admitted a 

 student in the Eoyal Academy, and the same 

 year obtained the silver medal of that institu- 

 tion, for the best drawing of the tower and 

 steeple of the church of St. Dunstan-in-the- 

 East. In 1815 he was elected a Fellow of the 

 Society of Antiquaries of London. At the 

 end of the following year he visited Rome and 

 the other principal cities of Italy, having pre- 

 viously, in order that nothing worthy of notice 

 might escape him, compiled a catalogue of the 

 buildings in the chief towns, classified under 

 the names of their architects. In 1818 he 

 published the work under the title " Notitia 

 Architectonica Italiana," or, Concise Notices 

 of the Buildings and Architects of Italy, pre- 

 ceded by a Short Essay on Civil Architecture, 

 and an Introductory View of the Ancient Arch- 

 itecture of the Romans ; a work of great val- 



HABEAS CORPUS. The summary arrest 

 and confinement of persons continued to be en- 

 forced during the year. In many cases the 

 parties arrested or their friends applied to the 

 courts for the benefits of the writ of habeas 

 corpus, which, though in some cases granted by 

 the judges, was ineffectual to procure the re- 

 lease of the prisoner or any examination into 

 the charges against him, by reason of the refu- 

 sal of the military authorities to obey the man- 

 date of the writ. In one of the earliest cases 

 in the year, that of Nicholas Kemp arrested as 

 an anti-draft rioter, the Supreme Court of Wis- 



ue for reference and as a handbook in travel- 

 ling. In 1822 he made a design for London 

 Bridge. His principal work, however, was 

 Markree Castle, near Sligo. He designed and 

 executed the Byzantine church at Charlton, 

 near "Woolwich, dedicated to St. Thomas, and 

 alterations to the Hall of the Grocers' Compa- 

 ny. To this Company he was appointed sur- 

 veyor ; and was also architect to the Imperial 

 Insurance Company. Mr. Gwilt was for more 

 than forty years one of the Surveyors of the 

 Sewers in Surrey, having succeeded his father. 

 Though known as the author of few designs or 

 erected buildings, he possessed in an eminent 

 degree the combination of attainments re'quired 

 in the practical architect, and the work of his 

 pen has conferred a lasting benefit upon the 

 profession. In 1820 he wrote a pamphlet en- 

 titled " Cursory Remarks on the Origin of Ca- 

 ryatides," the substance of which is embodied 

 in his introduction to " Chambers' Civil Arch- 

 itecture." In 1824 he published a second edi- 

 tion of a work on the projection of Shadow's, 

 intended for the use of Architectural Draughts- 

 men and other Artists. In 1825 was com- 

 menced the publication of the well-known oc- 

 tavo edition of Sir William Chambers's " Treat- 

 ise on the Decorative Part of Civil Architect- 

 ure," enriched with valuable notes, and prefaced 

 with original matter on Grecian Architecture. 

 The work appeared in six numbers on alter- 

 nate months, and is generally bound in two vol- 

 umes. In 1 826 Mr. Gwilt produced a translation 

 upon which he had been engaged for many 

 years, of the " Architecture of Vitruvius," 

 preceded by a short life of Vitruvius, and a 

 list of the several editions and versions. In 

 the same year he published an octavo volume, 

 the " Rudiments of Architecture, Practical and 

 Theoretical, with plates." The treatise on the 

 Art of Music, published in the Encyclopaedia 

 Metropolitana in 1835, was from his pen. In 

 1842 was first published " An Encyclopaedia of 

 Architecture, Historical, Theoretical, and Prac- 

 tical." His last literary labor was a new edi- 

 tion of the "Principles of Architecture" of 

 Peter Nicholson, whose labors were held by 

 Mr. Gwilt in great esteem. 



H 



consin unanimously decided against the right 

 of the President to suspend the writ of habeas 

 corpus in time of civil war. The case arose in 

 January, and sought the release of Nicholas 

 Kemp from the custody of General Elliot com- 

 manding the Department of the North-West. 

 The production of the body of the petitioner 

 was refused and a motion was made for a writ 

 of attachment, and on this motion the decision 

 of the Court was rendered. 



Chief Justice Dixon, in his opinion, express- 

 ed his regret that Congress had not, in the ex- 

 ercise of its undoubted power (5th Wheaton, 





