560 KAMEHAMEHA, ALEXANDER L. 



KANSAS. 



condition that three fourths of the congrega- 

 tions which had sent delegates should give their 

 adhesion to the proposed organization. The 

 president of the provisional committee ap- 

 pointed by the delegates, Professor Giuseppe 

 Levi, of Vercelli, officially announced in the 

 last number of the "Educatore Israelita" that 

 twenty-four of the congregations represented 

 had sent in their adhesion to the constitution, 

 and that seven others which were not repre- 

 sented likewise adopted the organization ; and 

 that, consequently, the Italian Jewish central 

 organization was duly constituted. It appears 

 that the congregations which either dissented 

 or have not yet declared themselves, form only 

 the fifteenth part of the Jewish population of 

 the kingdom of Italy. 



In several countries the Jewish community 

 was rent by grave dissensions. In Constanti- 

 nople a violent dispute pending between the 

 progressive party of the Jewish community, 

 headed by the Chacham Bashi, and the con- 

 servatives, led by a number of subaltern rabbis, 



has at last been decided in favor of the latter. 

 The Jewish congregations have been forbidden 

 to elect foreigners as their chiefs, and a gov- 

 ernmental order further enacts that the seal of 

 the chief rabbi should be divided into two 

 parts : one half to be in his charge, and the 

 other in that of certain delegates of the sub- 

 altern rabbis. This decision is considered as a 

 complete victory of the conservatives. 



" The orthodox party in Wiirtemberg," says a 

 Jewish paper of this country, " is beginning to 

 protest against the spiritual tyranny of the 

 centralizing Oberkirchenbehorde (upper church 

 authority), appointed by the Government, and 

 which deprives the congregations of their in- 

 dependence. It was lately stated in the Leg- 

 islature by a member opposed to ecclesiastical 

 encroachments, that the said central authority 

 kept a synagogue closed for seven weeks, be- 

 cause the congregation, disliking the sermons 

 of a new rabbi appointed by this authority, 

 refused to attend them. This central authority 

 belongs to the extreme reform party." 



KAMEHAMEHA IV., ALEXANDER LIHO- 

 LIHO, King of the Sandwich Islands, born at 

 Honolulu, Feb. 9th, 1834, died in that city, De- 

 cember , 1863. He was the son of Kame- 

 hameha III. He received a good education 

 from Protestant missionaries on the island, and 

 afterward travelled extensively in Europe and 

 the United States. He succeeded to the throne 

 on the death of his father, in October, 1854, 

 and, in 1856, married Miss Emma Booker, 

 daughter of an English physician. He was 

 amiable in his disposition, though, like most 

 of his countrymen, subject to violent fits of 

 passion and jealousy which, in his case, were 

 aggravated by habits of intemperance. In 1859 

 he attempted to murder his secretary, during 

 a paroxysm of jealousy against his wife, and 

 when returning reason showed him his folly, 

 he was so much humiliated that he offered to 

 abdicate the throne, but was persuaded to re- 

 sume his duties. The death of his only son, 

 the Prince of Hawaii born May 20th, 1858, 

 died August 25th, 1862 unhappily increased 

 his tendency to intoxication, and probably 

 shortened his life. He was succeeded by his 

 elder brother, Lot Kamehameha, who had pre- 

 viously been minister of the ulterior, and com- 

 mandant of the army. 



KANSAS, a Western Central State of the 

 United States, organized as a Territory in May, 

 1854, admitted as a State January 29th, 1861. 

 It has an area of 80,000 square miles, and had 

 a population in 1860 of 107,206 inhabitants. 

 The Governor and other State officers were 

 elected in Nov., 1862, for two years, and there 

 was no election in 1863 except for Legislature, 

 Chief Justice and local officers. The candidates 

 for Governor in the election of November, 



1862, were Thomas Carney, Republican, and 

 "W. R. Wagstaff, Democrat. Governor Carney 

 received 9,990 votes, and Mr. Wagstaff 5,464. 

 The Legislature elected in 1863 was Republican 

 and Union by a very large majority. The 

 Democratic members constituting only one 

 tenth of the whole number of representatives. 

 Robert Crozier, Republican Union, was chosen 

 Chief Justice, for six years, in Nov., 1863, by 

 about 18,000 majority. 



The State has a funded debt of $181,000, of 

 which $150,000 (7 per cent, bonds') are due 

 July, 1876, and the remainder, $31,000, was 

 due in July, 1863. It has also a floating debt 

 of $48,509. There has been great difficulty in 

 collecting the taxes in portions of the State, 

 from the scarcity of money, but the finances 

 of the State are now improving. The school 

 system of the State is not yet very fully de- 

 veloped, and very little of the school fur " 

 lands have been sold. Of the 14,766 per 

 between the ages'of five and twenty-one yea 

 in the State in 1863, 8,593 were enrolled 

 having attended school some part of the yea 

 They had been taught by 210 teachers, and 

 the cost of maintaining the schools had been 

 $15,756.90. The State Legislature has passed 

 acts for the location and organization of a State 

 university, a State normal school and an agri- 

 cultural college, and there are besides, four 

 other colleges in the State, all of them, as yet, 

 in their infancy, but with fair prospects of 

 future success. A college has been organized 

 on the Ottawa reservation, 20 miles from Law- 

 rence, the land for the endowment of which 

 was contributed by the Indians themselves. 

 Provision has been made for an institution for 

 deaf mutes and the blind, as well as for the 



