KANSAS. 



KENKICK, FRANCIS P. 561 



insane. A State penitentiary is building near 

 Leavenworth. Kansas has been very active in 

 its support of the war, having furnished over 

 14,000 troops, or about one seventh of its 

 actual population, and its troops, a large por- 

 tion of them cavalry, and trained to ser- 

 vice in the previous border contests, have 

 proved their valor on most of the battle-fields 

 of the West. In the operations in Missouri, 

 Arkansas and the Indian Territory, they have 

 particularly distinguished themselves, both as 

 partisan troops and as the most unflinching and 

 untiring soldiers in the line. The State, es- 

 pecially toward its eastern border, has suffered 

 severely from the raids of the irregular Con- 

 federate troops and guerilla bands from Mis- 

 souri and Arkansas, who have ravaged and 

 plundered the border towns and murdered 

 their citizens as often as they.had opportunity. 

 Irregular Federal troops raised to oppose and 

 revenge these raids, have retaliated on seces- 

 sionists on the borders of Missouri and Arkan- 

 sas, and have rendered some of the counties 

 along the line almost a desert. 



The most atrocious outrage of the war was 

 the attack of Col. Quantrell and his band of 

 Confederate guerillas upon the thriving city 

 of Lawrence, on the 21st of August, 1863. The 

 attack was made in the early morning, and 

 entirely without warning. The citizens, un- 

 armed, were unable to make any defence, and 

 were many of them shot down in the streets 

 in cold blood. The Eldridge House, the largest 

 hotel in the city, and all the stores on Massa- 

 chusetts street, the principal business street, 

 were plundered and burned, as were many 

 dwellings and stores in other parts of the city. 

 Two hundred and five men were killed and 

 many others wounded. No women or children 

 were killed or wounded, though one assailant 

 snapped his pistol at Miss Lydia Stone, a heroic 

 ; woman, who held exposed her life for the pres- 

 ervation of others. Several of the churches 

 were destroyed, and the property stolen and 

 burned was estimated to exceed the value of 

 $2,000,000. Quantrell, the leader of the gang, 

 had been at one time a resident of Lawrence. 

 Senator Lane (General James H. Lane) was in 

 Lawrence at the time, but succeeded in avoid- 

 ing the guerillas, and as soon as they left the 

 town, raised such force as could be gathered 

 and started in pursuit. Some thirty or forty 

 of the guerillas were overtaken and slain, but 

 the remainder got away safely with their plun- 

 der. Much indignation was felt by the citizens 

 of Kansas at the alleged remissness of General 

 Ewing, who was in command of the district of 

 , Kansas and Western Missouri, and of General 

 Schofield, who commanded the department of 

 Missouri. Two days after the attack, Gen. 



R" ig issued the folio wing order: 

 General Order, No. 11. 

 KANSAS CITY, Mo., August 23d, 1868. 

 _ AH persons living in Jackson, Cass and Bates coun- 

 ties, Missouri, and that part of Vernon county included 

 in this district, except tnose living within one mile of 

 VOL. in. 36 A 



the limits of Independence, Hickman's Mill, Pleasant 

 Hill and Harrisonville, and except those in Kaw town- 

 ship, Jackson county, north of this creek and west of 

 the Big Blue, embracing Kansas City and Westport, 

 are hereby ordered to remove from their present 

 places of residence within fifteen days from the date 

 hereof. 



Those who within that time prove their loyalty to 

 the satisfaction of the commanding officer of the mil- 

 itary station nearest their present places of residence, 

 will receive from him certificates stating the fact of 

 their loyalty and the names of the witnesses by whom 

 it can be sworn. All who have received such certifi- 

 cates will be permitted to remove to any military sta- 

 tion in this district, or to any part of Kansas except 

 the counties on the eastern border of the State. All 

 others shall remove out of this district. Officers com- 

 manding companies and detachments serving in com- 

 panies, will see that this paragraph is promptly 

 obeyed. 



All hay or grain in the field or under shelter in the 

 district from which the inhabitants are required to 

 remove within reach of the military stations after the 

 9th of September next, will be taken to such stations 

 and turned over to the proper officers there, and a re- 

 port of the amount so turned over made to the district 

 headquarters, specifying the names of all loyal owners 

 and the amount of such produce taken from them. All 

 grain and hay found in such districts after the 9th of 

 September next, not convenient to such stations, will 

 be destroyed. 



Quantrell and his band of marauders still 

 hovered around the Kansas border, and on the 

 7th of October, having ascertained that Major- 

 General Blunt and his escort were on their 

 way from the Indian Territory to Fort Scott, 

 Kansas, and near that fort, he disguised his 

 men, about 300 in number, in Federal uniforms, 

 and attacked the little body of about 100 men 

 composing the escort, very suddenly, intend- 

 ing to capture General Blunt, who was es- 

 pecially obnoxious to these guerillas from 

 his habit of hanging promptly all of them 

 whom he succeeded in capturing. The escort 

 broke, from the suddenness of the attack, but 

 Gen. Blunt succeeded in rallying nine of them, 

 and kept the guerillas at bay till he could rejoin 

 his own forces, which were near. Seventy- 

 eight of the escort were killed, most of them 

 shot down after surrender ; among the number 

 was Major Curtis, a son of Major-General Cur- 

 tis, who was on General Blunt's staff. It was 

 supposed by the Confederates that Gen. Blunt 

 was among the killed. 



There have been in Kansas, and probably in 

 Western Missouri, also, a considerable number 

 of men, soldiers of fortune, who, while pro- 

 fessing to belong on the side of the Union, 

 have been ready to plunder and rob, in the 

 name of freedom, all against whom they could 

 raise any suspicion of sympathy with the Con- 

 federates. These " jayhawkers," as they were 

 called, had really as little interest in the suc- 

 cess of the Union cause as their counterparts, 

 the guerillas, had in that of the Confederates; 

 the controlling motive being in both instances 

 the obtaining of plunder for their own emolu- 

 ment. 



KENKICK, FRANCIS PATRICK, D. D., an 

 American Eoman Catholic prelate, born in 

 Dublin, Ireland, Dec. 3d, 1797, died in Balti- 





