MAKYLAND. 



609 



sense, and not as meaning the Administration), but 

 only where opposition is expressed to any proceed- 

 ing, to acts believed to be illegal and tyrannical, as 

 perpetrated by individuals. The people of the State, 

 in the language of an illustrious statesman now no 

 more, are for LIBERTY and UNION, one and insepara- 

 ble, now and forever. They are, as we said above, 

 and again repeat, devoted to the Constitution, the 

 Union, and the laws, and with one accord, unite in 

 the invocation Sunto perpetual. 



The judgmentftelow is reversed with costs. 



MAKYLAND. The most important events 

 in the general history of Maryland during the 

 year relate to the invasion of the State by the 

 enemy, the progress made toward an emanci- 

 pation of the slaves, and the civil and military 

 administration of affairs. The object of the 

 enemy at the time of the invasion was generally 

 supposed to be the capture of Baltimore and 

 Harrisburg, with such other advantages as 

 might follow from this success. This impres- 

 sion was created at Baltimore by southern 

 statements of the design of the campaign. The 

 idea was there foreshadowed and enforced 

 that it was not good policy on the part of Gen. 

 Lee to begin " by alarming greatly the hostile 

 populations and give them warning to run off 

 their herds and flocks, so as to leave the coun- 

 try waste before him ;" but that with the 

 Federal commander "once well cleared out of 

 his path, he can throw the whole Confederate 

 army into Pennsylvania, wide-winged, far- 

 stretching, in one vast, combined movement, 

 enveloping "Washington on the one side, Har- 

 risburg on the other, and so forward! forward! 

 till our red battle flag reflects itself in the Del- 

 aware." For details of the movements of the 

 armies see ARMY OPERATIONS. 



Considerable excitement was created in Bal- 

 timore on the evening of June 29th, by a report 

 that a body of the enemy's cavalry had ap- 

 peared at "Westminster, and had attacked a body 

 of Delaware cavalry and driven them within 

 seven miles of the city. 'At eleven o'clock at 

 night the signal agreed upon by Gen. Schenck 

 was made by the fire bells to call the citizens 

 to arms for the defence of the barricades. The 

 signal corps stationed on the different roads 

 had fired rockets, announcing the approach of 

 a hostile cavalry force on the Eeisterstown 

 road. Through some parts of the city the cry 

 "To arms! To arms! " was shouted, and men 

 with muskets in their hands were seen running 

 to and fro and rapidly assembling at the points 

 of rendezvous. In half an hour several thou- 

 sands were in arms, and the headquarters of 

 Gen. Schenck were surrounded with bristling 

 bayonets. Quiet was soon restored in the city, 

 and considerable enthusiasm, but no panic, pre- 

 vailed. The number of the citizens collected 

 at the barricades was between five and seven 

 thousand. All the military in the city were 

 called out and kept under arms all night. No 

 force of the enemy appeared. The mistake 

 arose from the announcement of the movements 

 near "Westminster. On the next day the fol- 

 lowing order declaring martial law was issued 

 by Gen. Schenck : 



VOL. in. 39 A 



HEADQUABTEBS MIDDLE DF.PARTMEKT, ) 



STII ARMY CORPS, V 



BALTIMORE, June 3WA, 1868. \ 



The immediate presence of a Rebel army within this 

 Department, and in the State of Maryland, requires 

 as a military necessity, a resort to all the proper and 

 usual means of defence and security. This security 

 is to be provided against known hostilities and oppo- 

 sition to the la\vful and National Government from 

 every quarter and in every form. 



Traitors and disaffected persons within must be re- 

 strained and made to contribute to the common safety, 

 while the enemy in front is to be met and punished 

 for this bold invasion. Martial Law is therefore de- 

 clared, and hereby established in the city and county 

 of Baltimore, and in all the counties of the Western 

 Shore of Maryland. 



The Commanding General gives assurance that this 

 suspension of the civil Government within the limits 

 defined shall not extend beyond the necessities of the 

 occasion. 



All the civil courts, tribunals and political function- 

 aries, of State, county or city authority, are to con- 

 tinue in the discharge of their duties as in times of 

 peace ; only in no way interfering with the exercise 

 of the predominant power assumeof and asserted by the 

 military authority^ 



All peaceful citizens are requested to remain quietly 

 at their homes, and in the pursuit of their ordinary 

 vocations, except as they may be possibly subject to 

 calls for personal services, or other necessary requisi- 

 tions for military purposes or uses hereafter. 



All seditious language or mischievous practices 

 tending to the encouragement of rebellion are espe- 

 cially prohibited, and will be promptly made the sub- 

 ject of observation and treatment. 



Traitorous and dangerous persons must- expect to be 

 dealt with as the public safety may seem to require. 

 " To save the country is paramount to all other con- 

 siderations." 



When the occasion for this proclamation passes by, 

 no one will be more rejoiced than the Commanding 

 General, that he can revoke his order and return to the 

 normal condition of a country at peace, and* a Govern- 

 ment sustained by a united and loyal people. 

 ROBERT C. SCHENCK, 



Major-General Commanding. 



At his request, also, two gunboats were 

 placed by Com. Dornin near the end of Broad- 

 way, and one at the bridge on the western side, 

 in positions to bear upon the city and its ap- 

 proaches. 



At the same time Morrisville was visited by 

 the cavalry of the enemy ; also Sandy Spring, 

 Laurel, and other places. Horses, cattle and 

 forage were taken, but no persons were im- 

 pressed into their army. No returns have been 

 made of the loss of the citizens of the State in 

 consequence of this invasion. The destruction 

 on the Baltimore and Ohio railroad embraced 

 a range of eighty miles between Harper's Ferry 

 and Cumberland. Twelve large bridges were 

 either burned or blown up; eight first-class 

 water stations were destroyed, and most of the 

 valuable machinery and fixtures removed; 

 more than thirty miles in length of the best 

 kind of telegraph wire were taken away, and a 

 thousand supporting poles were cut down ; over 

 seven miles in length of heavy new iron rail- 

 way track, which had been used only five 

 months, were torn up from its bed of stone bal- 

 last, and eighteen thousand of the largest oak 

 and chestnut crossties on which the rails were 

 laid rails and ties were burned together, and 

 thus the iron rendered unfit for use. The road 



