UNITARIANS. 



UNITED STATES. 



831 



U 



UNITARIANS, or UNITARIAN CONGREGA- 

 TIONALISTS. According to the monthly journal 

 of the American Unitarian Association, the de- 

 nomination numbered in 1863, in the United 

 States, 260 "societies," of which 64 had no 

 pastor ; 343 ministers, of whom 140 were " not 

 settled"; 2 theological seminaries, Cambridge 

 and Meadville; 6 periodicals (of which 6 are 

 published in Boston); and 13 religious char- 

 itable societies. The population connected 

 with the denomination is differently estimated 

 at from 13,000 to 30,000. 



In England there are 259 ministers who have 

 charge of congregations, and 284 places which 

 have chapels ; 7 periodicals. The denomina- 

 tion has, in London, the British and Foreign 

 Unitarian Association, the London Domestic 

 Mission Society, and 8 other societies. In the 

 country they have 10 domestic missions, and 

 26 tract and other societies. In Ireland there 

 are three Presbyterian bodies which, in point 

 of doctrine, are regarded as Unitarians, namely: 

 the Presbytery of Antrim, the Remonstrant 

 Synod of Ulster, and the Synod of Munster. 

 Together they form the " Non-subscribing Pres- 

 byterian Association of Ireland," which meets 

 annually. In the English colonies the Unita- 

 rians have 7 chapels. 



On the continent of Europe the Unitarians 

 exist as a separate denomination only in the 

 Austrian province of Transylvania, where they 

 number a population of 50,870. Their peculiar 

 views are, however, largely diffused in a num- 

 ber of other Protestant churches. The Unita- 

 rians of Transylvania have lately commenced 

 to cultivate more intimate relations with those 

 of Great Britain. In East India the Unitarians 

 have established a mission school in Calcutta. 



UNITED STATES. On the first day of the 

 year, President Lincoln issued the following 

 proclamation declaring freedom to all the 

 slaves in the insurrectionary States excepting 

 Tennessee, some counties in Virginia, and some 

 parishes in Louisiana. Its appearance was 

 announced by a preliminary proclamation is- 

 sued in September, 1862. (See ANNUAL CYCLO- 

 PAEDIA, 1862, PUBLIC DOCUMENTS.) 



Whereas on the 22d day of September, in the year 

 of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, 

 a proclamation was issued by the President of the 

 United States, containing, among other things, the 

 following, to wit: 



" That on the first day of January, iu the year of 

 our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, 

 all persons held as slaves within any State or desig- 

 nated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be 

 in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, 

 thenceforward, and forever free ; and the Executive 

 Government of the United States, including the mili- 

 tary and naval authority thereof, will recognize and 

 maintain the freedom of such persons, and will do no 

 act or acts to repress such persons, or anv of them, in 

 any efforts they may make for their actual freedom. 



" That the Executive will, on the first day of January 

 aforesaid, by proclamation, designate the States and 



parts of States, if any, in which the people thereof 

 respectively, shall then be in rebellion against the 

 United States ; and the fact that any State, or the peo- 

 ple thereof, shall on that day be in good faith repre- 

 sented in the Congress of the United States, by mem- 

 bers chosen thereto at elections wherein a majority of 

 the qualified voters of such State shall have participat- 

 ed, shall, in the absence of strong countervailing testi- 

 mony, be deemed conclusive evidence that such State, 

 and the people thereof, are not then in rebellion against 

 the United States." 



Now, therefore, I, Abraham Lincoln, President of 

 the United States, by virtue of the power in me vested 

 as Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the 

 United States iu time of actual armed rebellion against 

 the authority and Government of the United States, 

 and as a fit and necessary war measure for suppress- 

 ing said rebellion, do, on this first day of January, in 

 the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and 

 sixty-three, and in accordance with my purpose so to 

 do, publicly proclaimed for the full period of one hun- 

 dred days, from the day first above mentioned, order 

 and designate as the States and parts of States wherein 

 the people thereof respectively are this day in rebel- 

 lion against the United States, the following, to wit: 



Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana (except the parishes of 

 St. Bernard, Plaquemines, Jefferson, St. John, St. 

 Charles, St. James, Ascension, Assumption, Terre 

 Bonne, Lafourche, Ste. Marie, St. Martin, and Orleans, 

 including the city of New Orleans), Mississippi, Alaba- 

 ma, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, 

 and Virginia (except the forty-eight counties desig- 

 nated as West Virginia, and also the counties of Berk- 

 eley, Accomac, Northampton, Elizabeth City, York, 

 Princess Ann, and Norfolk, including the cities of Nor- 

 folk and Portsmouth), and which excepted parts are 

 for the present left precisely as if this proclamation 

 were not issued. 



And oy virtue of the power and for the purpose 

 aforesaid, I do order and declare that all persons neld 

 as slaves within said designated States and parts of 

 States are and henceforward shall be free ; and that 

 the Executive Government of the United States, in- 

 cluding the military and naval authorities thereof, will 

 recognize and maintain the freedom of said persons. 



And I hereby enjoin upon the people so declared to 

 be free to abstain from all violence, unless in neces- 

 sary se'f-defence ; and I recommend to them that, in 

 all cases when allowed, they labor faithfully for reason- 

 able wages. 



And I further declare and make known that such 

 persons, of suitable condition, will be received into the 

 armed service of the United States to garrison forts, 

 positions, stations, and other places, and to man ves- 

 sels of all sorts in said service. 



And upon this act, sincerely believed to be an act of 

 justice, warranted bv the Constitution upon military 

 necessity, I invoke the considerate judgment of man- 

 kind, and the gracious favor of Almighty God. 



In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my name, 

 and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. 



Done at the city of Washington this first day of 

 January, in the year of our Lord one thousand 

 [L.S.] eight hundred and sixty-three, and of the in- 

 dependence of the United States the ei-rhtv- 

 seventh. ABRAHAM LINCOLN. 



By the President: 



WILLIAM H. SEWARD, Secretary of State. 



One hundred guns were fired in Pittsburg 

 on January 2d, in honor of the proclamation. 

 The same number were fired in Buffalo on the 

 3d. On the 2d Governor Andrew of Massa- 

 chusetts issued a proclamation ordering a sa- 

 lute of one hundred guns, " as an official recog- 



