DENMARK. 



359 



to Dembinski the command of the main Hun- 

 garian force. The armies of Russia and 

 Austria were now closing in upon the Hun- 

 garians, and the orders for a concentration of 

 the latter were disregarded by Gorgey. On 

 August 5th Dembinski was defeated at Szoreg 

 and forced to give up the lines of the Theisa 

 and Maros ; but distrusting Gorgey too much 

 to attempt a junction with him at Arad, he re- 

 treated to Temesvar, and gathering up the 

 remnants of his army risked the battle at that 

 place of August 9th, which sealed the fate of 

 the revolution. Avoiding the surrender at 

 Yilagos, four days later, Dembinski escaped, 

 with Kossuth and other leaders, into Turkey, 

 whence in 1850 he returned to France. He 

 passed the remainder of his life in comparative 

 obscurity, occupied, it was said, in preparing 

 his memoirs of the Hungarian campaign. 



DENMARK, a kingdom in Europe. King 

 Christian IX., born April 8th, 1818, appointed 

 to the succession of the crown of Denmark by 

 the protocol of London, signed on May 8th, 

 1852, by the representatives of Great Britain, 

 France, Russia, Prussia, Austria, Sweden, and 

 Denmark, succeeded to the throne on the 

 death of King Frederick VII., November loth, 

 1863. 



The duchies of Schleswig, Holstein, and 

 Lauenburg, were separated from the crown of 

 Denmark, with which the two former had 

 been connected for several centuries, in conse- 

 quence of the Schleswig-Hol stein war and by 

 virtue of the peace of Vienna, August l.<t. 

 Henceforth the territory of the kingdom con- 

 sists of the following provinces and colonies : 



By the peace concluded between Denmark, 

 Prussia, and Austria it was provided that some 

 districts belonging to the province of Jutland 

 and situated within Schleswig, with the excep- 

 tion of the district of Ripen, should be united 

 with Schleswig, and an equivalent portion of 

 the frontier of Schleswig, inclusive of the island 

 of Arroe, should be annexed to Jutland. The 

 territory to be united with Schleswig is esti- 

 mated at from 6 to 7 geographical square miles. 

 The island of Arroe, 1-J square miles, leaving 

 about 5 square miles of Schleswig to be an- 

 nexed to Jutland. The aggregate of the ter- 



ritory and population of Denmark will be but 

 slightly affected by this change. 



The population of Denmark proper was, on 

 February 1st, 1855, 1,499,850 souls. The in- 

 crease from 1855 to 1860 was, consequently, 

 100,701, or 6.71 per cent., and the annual aver- 

 age increase 1.342 per cent. "With a propor- 

 tionate increase from 1855 to 1860 the king- 

 dom of Denmark, without the colonies, would 

 have counted, on 1st of February, 1864, about 

 1,681,000 souls. 



As regards the religious denominations of the 

 inhabitants, there were, in 1860, in Denmark 

 proper and Schleswig-Holstein and Lauenburg, 

 in a total population of 2,605,024, only 21,322 

 individuals, forming less than 1 per cent, of 

 the total population, who did not belong to the 

 National Evangelical Lutheran Church. Of 

 this number 8,177 were Israelites, 3,187 Cath- 

 olics, 3,033 Reformed, 2,667 Mormons, 2,642 

 Baptists, 420 Moravians, 312 Anglicans or 

 Episcopalians, 234 Mennonites, 202 members 

 Apostolical Free Church, 162 members the Free 

 Evangelical Church ; the rest were divided in 

 small numbers among different sects. 



The larg'est cities, in 1860, were Copenhagen, 

 155,143 souls (among whom were 2,858 Jews, 

 749 Catholics, 549 Reformed) ; Odense, 14,255 

 souls; Aarhuus, 11,009 souls; Aalborg, 10,069 

 souls. 



The budget of the Danish monarchy inclu- 

 sive of the duchies for the financial year, 

 April 1st, 1862, to March 31st, 1863, was aa 

 follows, in rix dollars : 



Total | 29,870,4S4 



25,720,963 



The public debt, on March 31st, 1863, was 

 as follows : 



Rii dollars. 



Common debt of the entire monarchy 95,734,337 



Particular debt of Denmark Proper 8,373,663 



Particular debt of Holstein 240,000 



In December, 1863, the Government con- 

 tracted, at London, a loan of 1,500,000, and 

 in June, 1864, it presented to the Landsthing 

 a bill relative to a ne\v loan of 20,000,000 rix 

 dollars, which subsequently, however, was 

 fixed at only 8,000,000. The common debt of 

 the monarchy, with the exception of the Eng- 

 glish loan of December, 1863, and the expenses 

 of the war, is, according to the treaty of Vien- 

 na of August 1st, 1864, to be divided between 

 Denmark proper and the ceded duchies, in pro- 

 portion to their population. 



Before the beginning of the war the army 

 of Denmark, inclusive of the duchies, consisted 

 of 22,652 men, with 96 pieces of artillery, on 

 the peace footing. During the war this num- 

 ber was raised to about 60,000. The fleet, at 



