ILLINOIS. 



INDIA, BRITISH. 



433 



following him to glorious victory written upon the 

 hearts and memories of the loyal millions who are at 

 the hearthstones of our gallant and unconquerable 

 " boys in blue." The impress of his genius stamps 

 our armies from one end of the republic to the 

 other; and the secret of his success in executing 

 his plans is in the love, enthusiasm, and confidence 

 he inspires in the soldier in the ranks, the harmony 

 and respect of his subordinate officers, his own re- 

 spect for and deference to the wishes and commands 

 of the President, and his sympathy with the Govern- 

 ment in its war policy. 



A disturbance took place in Coles County on 

 March 30th, which was attended with the loss 

 of five or six lives, and caused for a short time 

 much excitement in that portion of the State. 

 It appears to have originated in dissensions be- 

 tween citizens and soldiers in Charleston, and 

 occurred on a day when there was an unusu- 

 ally large assemblage of people from the 

 country in the town. 



The progress of the State in prosperity is 

 illustrated by that of its principal city, Chicago. 

 In 1849 but one railroad, of the flat bar iron, 

 twenty miles in length, terminated in Chicago. 

 In 1864 eight railroads, with a thousand miles 

 of track, had their focus there. Of these, the 

 Illinois Central earned in the previous year 

 $6,300,000 ; the Chicago, Quincy and Burling- 

 ton road $5.109,000 ; the Chicago and Eock 

 Island road $3,000,000. Three horse-car rail- 

 ways traverse the streets of the city, and 

 transport annually over 7,000,000 passengers, 

 In the past year nine new churches were built, 

 and 8,000 buildings and dwellings of all kinds, 

 at a cost of $4,700,000. Among the public 

 buildings erected is a new edifice for the Cham- 

 ber of Commerce, ninety-three by one hundred 

 and eighty feet, with a fine hall, or Exchange 

 Koom, eighty-eight feet wide, one hundred 

 and twenty-eight feet long, and forty-five feet 

 high, at a cost of $200,000; a Catholic school- 

 building, sixty-five by one hundred and twenty- 

 five feet ; a new Opera House, capable of seat- 

 ing thirty-five hundred persons, and costing 

 .MOO; a building for the Chicago Uni- 

 versity eighty by one hundred feet; a massive 

 octagonal stone tower, contiguous to the Uni- 

 versity, as an observatory for the reception of 

 the great telescope just completed at Cam- 

 bridge ; and a spacious and elegantly-finished 

 music hall. No less than 3,000 miles of water- 

 pipes were laid in the streets during the year. 

 The undertaking of tunnelling under the bed 

 of the lake to a point two miles from shore, 

 for a supply of water, has been pushed forward 

 vigorously, and the excavation has reached 

 about one-quarter of a mile from the shore 

 shaft during the six months employed upon 

 the work. An artesian well has been bored, 

 which yields half a million gallons of pure 

 water daily. One hundred and twenty-five 

 miles of fire alarm telegraph have been laid. 

 The municipal value of property has gone up 

 from $236,840 in 1837 to a fraction less than 

 $49,000,000 in 1864; while the local tax, in 

 the same period, has been run up from $5,000 

 VOL. iv. 28 A 



to $974,655. The total amount of revenue 

 derived from the collection district during the 

 fiscal year was $3,617,338.57, being an increase 

 of $2,096,928.19 over that of the previous 

 year. The sum of $17,719.30 was realized as 

 the taxes on horned cattle, and $33,714.88 on 

 hogs; $1,260,848.65 were collected from dis- 

 tillers of spirits. Malt liquors were assessed 

 $65,210.81. Carriages are taxed $24,800. Gas 

 yields $21,676.77. Oil yielded $14,799.15. The 

 average mortality is 280 persons per month 

 One hundred and two tobacco houses pay a 

 revenue tax of $157,138.70. There are 1.792 

 licensed drays, carriages, &c., and 1,125 licensed 

 saloons. 



There are seven National Banks in operation, 

 with three or four others soon to commence, 

 the aggregate capital of which exceeds four 

 millions, and the daily transactions of the 

 bankers often exceeds ten millions. In the 

 season of 1852-'3 Chicago packed 48,156 hogs, 

 and Cincinnati 361,000; during the season of 

 1863-'4 Chicago packed 904,658, Cincinnati 

 packed 357,640. The receipts of flour and 

 grain from the exhaustless granary of the 

 West have been nearly 46,000,000 bushels; 

 and the shipments from the city in round 

 numbers, 44,500,000. In the shipment of 

 staple productions byway of Lake Michi- 

 gan, 2,166,904 tons of shipping have been em- 

 ployed, 8,824 vessels and 7,055 steamers hav- 

 ing cleared from the port during the year 

 1864. To man this large number of freighters 

 over 76,000 seamen have been required. The 

 trade in boots and shoes and in clothing, 

 which has sprung up within a few years, 

 has now reached extraordinary dimensions, 

 amounting last year to about $25,000,000, a 

 large portion of which was manufactured in 

 the city. The wholesale dry goods sales have 

 reached $35,000,000. 



For further details of the institutions and 

 prosperity of the State, see preceding volumes 

 of AN-STAL CYCLOPAEDIA. 



INDIA. BRITISH. According to Martin's 

 "Statesman's Year Book for 1865," the area 

 and population of British India are as follows : 



The "Gotha Almanac" for 1865, gives the 

 area of British India at 1,004,616 English 

 square miles, and 143,271,210 inhabitants. 

 Other authorities estimate the population of 

 the empire at close upon 200,000,000. The 

 English population in India, according to the 

 census of 1861, numbered only 125,945 per- 

 sons. Of these, 84,083 were connected with 

 the army, of which 22.556 consisted of men 

 and boys in civil life. The number of females 

 of English birth above the age of 15, was 11,- 



