MICHIGAN. 



MICROSCOPE. 



533 



pies upon which they are assigned, and the amount 

 of credits allowed to each. 



Until I have been advised by the report of the com- 

 mittee, that error has intervened in the assignment 

 of the quotas of the State of Michigan, I am at loss to 

 discover that any injustice has been done to the State. 



I have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully, your 

 obedient servant, (Signed) JAMES B. FRY, 



Provost Marshal General. 



The whole subject relative to Michigan and 

 other States was referred by the President to a 

 committee to investigate Gen. Fry's mode of 

 equalizing credits and assigning quotas, who 

 reported as follows : 



The call for three hundred thousand men, made by 

 the President on the 19th of December, 1864, requires 

 that that number shall be raised. But the law re- 

 quires that the number of men previously furnished 

 by different localities, and the periods of their service, 

 shall be considered, so as to equalize the draft. The 

 number of men liable to military duty is to be deter- 

 mined by the enrolment lists. 'The number of men 

 which had been furnished by the various localities 

 and their periods of service'were ascertained, and 

 previous accounts having been adjusted, the excesses, 

 where they existed, were carried forward under the 

 last draft. The amount of service furnished is deter- 

 mined by multiplying the number of men raised by 

 the number of years for which they enlisted. Hav- 

 ing thus ascertained the number Oi men enrolled on 

 the 31st of December, 1864, the number of men fur- 

 nished up to that date, the localities from which they 

 came, and the periods of their service, it is proposed 

 to distribute the call for three hundred thousand 

 men among the several districts, and parts of dis- 

 tricts, according to the number enrolled in each, and 

 the number of men furnished, and the periods of 

 service previously rendered by each. The rule by 

 which this is accomplished is as follows : 



Take the whole number of years of service furnished 

 by the districts of the United States from the com- 

 mencement of the rebellion to the 31st of December, 

 1864; from that sum deduct the whole number of men 

 furnished from all the districts of the United States 

 up to that date. The remainder will be the excess of 

 years of service furnished by all the districts. Mul- 

 tiply the call of Dec. 19, 1864, by three, to have the 

 number of years of service upon that call, and to this 

 add the excess as ascertained above. Then, as the 

 number of men enrolled from the whole United States, 

 up to the 31st of December, 1864, is to the period of 

 service as above ascertained, so is the number of men 

 enrolled in a given district to the number of years of 

 service it is required to furnish, including its pro rata 

 share of the excess. From this sum deduct the 

 actual excess the district furnished ; the remainder 

 is the number of years of service which the district 

 is required to furnish under the call of Dec. 19, 1864, 

 which, divided by three, gives the number of men 

 required from the district. 



As this call is for 300,000 men, that number cannot 

 be reduced by men going in for a period longer than 

 one year. Inequalities produced by going under 

 this call for longer periods than one year must be 

 equalized on future calls. It will be perceived that 

 though the aggregate of the excess furnished is added 

 to the whole call, the excess of each district is after- 

 ward subtracted from its quota. Thus the number 

 of men called for is neither increased nor diminished, 

 but equally produced, considering the number of men, 

 and the periods of their service. Localities which 

 have heretofore furnished a greater amount of ser- 

 vice have, in proportion to their enrolment, a less 

 amount to furnish under this call, and conversely. 

 Men having heretofore enlisted for one, two, and 

 three years, it was necessary to take one of these 

 periods as the basis of the calculation. As three 

 years embraced both the other periods it makes the 



calculation more simple to adopt that. The same 

 result would be arrived at by adopting either one or 

 two years as the basis, but the process of calculation 

 would be more complicated. Such we find to be the 

 rule adopted by the Provost Marshal General. The 

 rule is in conformity with the requirements of the laws 

 of Congress, and is just and equitable. We have care- 

 fully examined and proved the work done under this 

 rule by the Provost Marshal General, and find that it 

 has been done with fairness. We file in the Provost 

 Marshal General's office our calculation of the quota 

 of each and every district indorsed by us as correct. 



JAMES SPE'ED, Att.-Gen. of'the U. S. 



R. DELAFIELD, Brig.-Gen. and C. Eng. U. S. A. 



C. W. FOSTER, Col. and Ass. Adjutant General. 

 Approved Feb. 17, 1865. (Signed) A. LINCOLN. 

 By order of the Secretary of War: 

 'E. D. TOWNSEND, Ass. Adj't General. 



Some difficulties occurred in Huron County, 

 arising from an attempt to compel drafted men 

 to report. They were not, however, of a very 

 serious character. With regard to recruiting 

 in States declared to be in rebellion, Gov. Blah- 

 said in a proclamation : 



For the purpose of filling this quota, only two re- 

 sources are available, viz. : 1st. Recruiting in the 

 States declared to be in rebellion under the act of 

 July 4th, except the States of Arkansas, Tennessee, 

 and Louisiana. 2d. Recruiting among our own peo- 

 ple. The first of these, I believe, will be found of no 

 substantial value to us. I shall not, therefore, ap- 

 point any such agents to be paid by the State, but 

 will, under proper regulations, appoint such agents 

 for the benefit of any counties, towns, or sub-dis- 

 tricts which may request it, paying the expenses of 

 the agencies for themselves. 



On Oct. 30th the city of Detroit was thrown 

 into a great excitement by a report that a raid 

 was to be made during the night by armed 

 parties of the enemy from Canada. Soldiers 

 were called out ; artillery was brought from the 

 barracks and posted in the streets ; the steam 

 fire-engines were brought forth to be in readi- 

 ness to extinguish fires, and the depots and pub- 

 lic buildings were guarded. Is"o enemy, how- 

 ever, appeared. 



The State election was held on the second 

 Tuesday of November. The vote given for 

 President was as follows : Lincoln, 85,352 ; 

 McCleUan, 67,370. Majority for Mr. Lincoln, 

 17,982. The candidates for Governor were 

 Henry H. Carpo, Eepublican, and Wnu H. 

 Fenton, Democrat. The vote was as follows : 

 Carpo, 91,356 ; Fenton, 74,293. 



An act was passed by the previous Legisla- 

 ture, authorizing the soldiers in the Federal 

 service to vote. The Supreme Court of the 

 State decided this act to be unconstitutional 

 and therefore void. 



MICROSCOPE. The improvements which 

 have been made in various parts of the com- 

 pound microscope within a few years, have 

 added greatly to its utility as an instrument of 

 research, and they may be noticed briefly as 

 follows : commencing with the object-glasses ; 

 or objectives, as they generally termed. Al- 

 though extreme angles 165 to-175 3 had already 

 been attained with the higher powers, neither 

 the opticians nor the microscopists were satisfied; 

 there has been a successful attempt to attain 



