PUBLIC DOCUMENTS. 



705 



III. Indijfcreiiii^m, Latitudinarianism. 



15. Every man is free to embrace and profess the re- 

 ligion be shall believe true, guided by the light of rea- 

 son. (Apostolic Letters, Multiplices inter, 10th June, 

 1851. Allocution Maxima quidem, 9th June, 1862.) 



10. Men may in any religion find the way of eter- 

 nal salvation, and obtain eternal salvation. (Encvc- 

 lical letter, Qui pluribus. 9th November, 1846. Allo- 

 cution, Ubi primurn, 17th December, 1847. Encycli- 

 cal letter, Singular! quidem, 17th March, 1856.) 



17. We may entertain at least a well-founded hope 

 for the eternal salvation of all those who are in no 

 manner in the true Church of Christ. (Allocution 



:!ari quadam, 9th December, 1854. Encyclical 

 i^uanto conficiamur, 17th August, 1863.) 



18. Protestantism is nothing more than another 

 form of the same true Christian Religion, in which it 

 is possible to be equally pleasing to God as in the 

 Catholic Church. (Encyclical letter, Noscitis et no- 

 biscum, 8th December, 1849.) 



IV. Socialism, Communism, Secret Societies, Biblical 



Societies, Clerico- Liberal So>- 



Pests of this description are frequently rebuked in 

 the severest terms in the Encyc. Qui plunbus, Nov. 

 9, 1846; Alloc. Quibits quantisque, April 20, 1849; 

 Encyc. l&fciti* - . Dec. 8, 1849; Alloc. 



'art quadam, Dec. 9,1854; Encyc. Quanta con- 

 jiciamur mat-ore, Aug. 10, IS'33. 



V. Errors concerning the Church and her Rights. 



19. The Church is not a true, and perfect, and en- 

 tirely free society, nor does she enjoy peculiar and 

 perpetual rights conferred upon her by her Divine 

 Founder, but it Appertains to the civil power to de- 

 fine what are the rights and limits with which the 

 Church may exercise authority. CAllocution Singu- 

 '.ari quadam, 9th December, 1854, Multis gravibusque, 

 17th December, 1860, Maxima quidem, 9th June,lS62.) 



The ecclesiastical power must not exercise its 

 authority without the permission and assent of the 

 civil Government. (Allocution, Meminil unusquis- 

 que, 30th September, 1861.) 



i'l. The Church has not the power of defining dog- 

 matically, that the Religion of the Catholic Church is 

 the only true Religion. (Apostolic Letters, Multipli- 

 ces inter, 10th June, 1851.) 



The obligation which binds Catholic teachers 

 and authors applies only to those things which are 

 proposed for universal belief as dogmas of the faith, 

 by the infallible judgment of the Church. (Letters 

 a'd Archiep. Prising. Tuas libenter, 21st Dec.. . 



23. The Roman Pontiff's and (Ecumenical Councils 

 have exceeded the limits of their power, have usurp- 

 ed the rights of Princes, and have even committed 

 errors in defining matters of faith and morals. 

 (Apost. Letter, Multiplices inter, 10th June, 1851.) 



_'4. The Church has not the power of availing her- 

 self of force, or any direct or indirect temporarpow- 

 er. (Letter Apost. Ad Apostolicae, 22d Aug., 1 



25. In addition to the authority inherent in the 

 Episcopate, a further and temporal power is granted 

 to it by the civil authority, either expressly or tacit- 

 ly, which power is on that account also revocable 

 by the civil authority whenever it pleases. (Letter 

 Apost. Ad Apostolicse, 22d Aug., 1851.) 



26. The Church has not the innate and legitimate 

 right of acquisition and possession. (Allocution 

 Nunquam fore, loth Dec., 1550. Eacvclical Incredi- 

 bili, 17th Sept., 1S63.) 



The ministers of the Church and the Roman 

 Pontiff ought to be absolutely excluded from all 

 charge and dominion over temporal affairs. (Allo- 

 cution Maxima quidem, 9th June, I 



Uishops have not the right of promulgating 

 even their Apostolical letters, without the pern;: 

 of the Government. (Allocution Nunquara fore, 15th 

 December, 1855.) 



29. Dispensations granted by the Roman Pontiff 

 must be considered null, unless 'they have been asked 

 for by the civil Government. (Id. Ibid.) 

 VOL. IT. i5 A 



A The immunity of the Church and of ecclesias- 

 tical persons derives its origin from civil law. (\post. 

 Multiplices inter, 10th June, 1851.) 



31. Ecclesiastical Courts for the temporal causes, 

 of the clergy, whether civil or criminal, ought 

 means to be abolished, even without the concurrence 

 and against the protest of the Holy See. (Allocu- 

 tion Acerbissimum, 27th September, 1852. And. 

 Nunquam fore, loth December, 1*" 



32. The personal immunity exonerating the clergy 

 from military service may be abolished, without vio- 

 lation either of natural right or of equity. Its aboli- 

 tion is called for by civil progress, especially in a 

 community constituted upon principles of L'iberal 

 Government. (Letter to the Archbishop of Montreal, 

 Singularis nobisque, 29th September, 1864.) 



33. It does not appertain exclusively to ecclesias- 

 tical jurisdiction, by any right, proper and inherent, 

 to direct the teaching of theological subjects. (Let- 

 ter ad Archiep. Frising. Tuas libenter, 21st Decem- 

 ber, 1863.) 



34. The teaching of those, who compare the Sov- 

 ereign Pontiff to a free Sovereign acting in the Uni- 

 versal Church, is a doctrine which prevailed in the 

 Middle Ages. (Letter Apost. Ad Apostolic*, 2i'd 

 August, 1851.) 



35. There would be no obstacle to the sentence of 

 a General Council, or the act of all the universal 

 peoples, transferring the Pontifical Sovereignty from 

 the Bishop and city of Rome to some other bishopric 

 and some other city. (Id. Ibid.) 



36. The definition of a National Council does not 

 admit of any subsequent discussion, and the civil 

 power can regard as settled an affair decided by such 

 National Council. (Id. Ibid.) 



37. National Churches can be established, after be- 

 ing withdrawn and plainly separated from the author- 

 ity of the Roman Pontiff. (Allocution Multis cravi- 

 busque, 17th December, 1800. Jamdudum cernimu* 

 1Mb. March, 1861.) 



38. Roman Pontiffs have, by their too arbitrary 

 conduct, contributed to the division of the Church 

 into Eastern and Western. (Letter Apost. Ad Apos- 

 tolicse, 22d August, 1S51.) 



VI. Errors about / , considered loth in ii- 



ind in its Relation to the. Church. 

 S9. The Republic is the origin and source of al. 

 rights, and possesses rights which are not circum- 

 scribed by any limits. (Allocution Maxima quidem, 

 9th June/1862.) 



40. The teaching of the Catholic Church is opposed 

 to the well-being and interests of society. (Eucvcli- 

 cal Qui pluribus, 9th November, 1840." Allocution 

 Quibus quantisque, 20th April, 1849.) 



41. The Civil power, even when exercised by an 

 infidel Sovereign, possesses an indirect and negative 

 power over religious affairs. It therefore possesses 

 not only the right called that of exequatur, but that 

 of the (so-called) appellatio ab abusu.* (Apostolic 

 Letter, Ad Apostolicae, 22d August, 



42. In the case of conflicting laws between the two 

 Powers, the civil law ought to prevail. (Letter Apost. 

 Ad Apostolicae, 22d August, 1851.) 



43. The civil power has a right to break, and to 

 declare and render null the conventions (commonly 

 called Concordats) concluded with the Apostolic See, 

 relative to the use of rights appertaining to the ec- 

 clesiastical immunity, without the consent of the Holy 

 See, and* even contrary to its protest. (Allocution 

 In consistoriali, 1st Novemb. ' .Itis gravi- 

 busque, 17th December, 1860.) 



44. The civil authority may interfere in matters 

 relating to Religion, morality, "aud spiritual govern- 

 ment. Hence it has control over the instructions for 

 the guidance of consciences issued, conformably with 

 their mission, by the Pastors of the Church. Further, 

 it possesses power to decree, in the matter of admin- 



* The power of authorizing official acts of the Papal pow- 

 er, and ol' conxctin;; iho u.. 



