74i SCHMUCKER, SAMUEL Ai. 



As equivalent for the Jutland territory of 

 Mogel, Tondern, the Island of Ararorn, the Jut- 

 land portion of the islands of Fohr, Sylt, Rom- 

 soe, &c., which Denmark has ceded to the 

 Duchies, a portion of northern Schleswig has 

 heen restored to Denmark. The peninsula of 

 Stenderup, opposite Fiihnen, is included in 

 Danish Schleswig. In granting this compen- 

 sation for the Jutland enclaves, which was ear- 

 nestly desired by Denmark, owing to the stra- 

 tegic position of the ceded territory, the German 

 powers wished to show that the separation 

 of Schleswig from the Danish monarchy "was 

 not a first step toward the dismemberment of 

 Denmark. Upon the other hand, the peace 

 treaty contains no stipulation guaranteeing the 

 Danish population living in German Schleswig, 

 the right of their national language. 



Article six stipulates for the nomination of a 

 mixed commission of Prussian, Austrian, and 

 Danish plenipotentiaries to settle the details of 

 the new boundary line upon the spot. 



Article seven contains arrangements respect- 

 ing private landed property, which will be 

 bisected by the new frontier. 



The following articles are devoted to finan- 

 cial matters. The portion of the Danish debt 

 which falls upon the Duchies amounts to twenty- 

 nine million rigsdalers (about 3,280,000). The 

 manner in which this sum is to be repaid to 

 Denmark by the Duchies, is stipulated by the 

 treaty. 



Denmark further bound herself to return the 

 captured German ships, with their cargoes, 

 wherever the latter have not been already sold. 

 In such cases Denmark undertook to compen- 

 sate the owners. 



The treaty was approved on Nov. 9th, in the 

 Folksthing (Lower House of the Danish Rigs- 

 raad), by 75 against 21 votes ; and, on Nov. 11, 

 in the Landsthing (Upper House), by 55 votes 

 against 4. All the deputies present from 

 Schleswig and the enclaves ceded by the treaty 

 to the German powers, either voted against the 

 treaty or not at all. The bill was at once 

 signed by the king, and on Nov. 17th three 

 royal proclamations were issued. The first 

 releases the inhabitants of the ceded Duchies 

 from their oath of allegiance, and the second is 

 a farewell address to the people of Schleswig 

 and Holstein. The third is addressed to the 

 Danes, and says : " The separation from the 

 kingdom of those inhabitants of Schleswig who 

 were bound to Denmark both by sentiment and 

 language, is the most painful sacrifice of all. 

 We have lost much, but have not lost hope ; 

 the future belongs to those who are in earnest." 



SCHMUCKER, SAMUEL MOSHEIM, LL.D., 

 an American author, born at New Market, Va., 

 Jan. 12, 1823, died in Philadelphia, May 12, 

 1863. At ten years of age he entered the 

 Classical Academy of New Market, and Ava3 

 admitted in 1836 to the Pennsylvania College, 

 located at the same place. He proceeded as 

 far as the junior class, and went, in 1838, to 

 Washington College, where he graduated in 



SCIIOOLCRAFT, HENRY R. 



September, 1840. On his return home from 

 college, Mr. Schmucker commenced the study 

 of theology in the Gettysburg Theological 

 Seminary, and in October, 1842, was licensed 

 to preach by the Lutheran Synod at Bloomfield. 

 Soon after, he received and accepted a call from 

 the Lutheran Church in Lewiston, Pa., to be- 

 come their pastor, being then but twenty years 

 of age. In 1845 he accepted a call from the 

 first Lutheran Church in Germantown, and 

 during his residence there improved himself 

 greatly in theological learning. After three 

 years at Germantown, he resolved to withdraw 

 from the ministry, a determination resulting 

 from the fact that he did not find the anxious 

 duties and thankless responsibilities of the cleri- 

 cal profession very congenial to his disposition. 

 In October, 1848, he resigned his church, re- 

 ceived an honorable dismission from the Synod 

 to which he belonged, removed to Philadelphia, 

 and entered upon the study of the law. During 

 the progress of his studies Mr. Schmucker was 

 an active member of the Philadelphia Law 

 Academy, and at one time was the secretary 

 of that institution. In January, 1850, he was 

 admitted to the bar, and immediately com- 

 menced the practice of his profession with tho 

 most flattering prospects. 



In March, 1853, he removed to New York 

 city and entered into partnership with Judge 

 Drinker, but after two years' practice, preferring 

 Philadelphia as a residence, he returned there, 

 and opened an office, but employed himself 

 chiefly in writing; his favorite department, 

 being history and biography. His principal 

 works were: "The Errors of Modern Infidel- 

 ity" (1848); "The Spanish Wife" (1854); 

 "Catharine the II. Empress of Russia" (1855); 

 "Nicholas I. of Russia" (1856); "Col. John 



C. Fremont" (1856) ; " The Yankee Slave Dri- 

 ver" (1857); "Alexander Hamilton" (1857); 

 "Thomas Jefferson" (1857); "Memorable 

 Scenes in French History" (1857); "History 

 of the Mormons" (1858); "Life of Dr. E. K. 

 Kane " (1858) ; " Life of Napoleon III. " (1858) ; 

 "The Arctic Explorations" (1859); "Memo- 

 rials of Daniel Webster" (1859); "History of 

 all Religions " (1859) ; " History of the Four 

 Georges" (1860); "History of the Modern 

 Jews" (1860); "Life of Washington" (1860); 

 "Life of Henry Clay" (1860) ; " Blue Laws of 

 Connecticut " (1860) ; " History of the Southern 

 Rebellion "(1863). 



SCIIOOLCRAFT, HEXRY ROWE, LL.D., an 

 American ethnologist, born in Albany County, 

 N. Y., March 28th, 1793, died at Washington, 



D. 0., December 10th, 1864. At the age of 14 

 he became a member of Middlebury College, 

 Vt., where he soon evinced a decided fondness 

 for the physical sciences. He also pursued 

 with great eagerness the study of Hebrew, 

 German, and French. His father being the 

 superintendent of a glass-house, he studied tho 

 art of glass-making, and in 1816 commenced 

 the publication of a work on "Vitreokgy," 

 which was never completed. During the next 



