774 



TERRITORIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 



out the strait may be inferred from the fact that 

 the officers of the U. S. Coast Survey found no 

 bottom in its deepest parts, even with 150 

 fathoms of line. Juan de Fuca Straits is tho 

 main artery for the waters of Admiralty Inlet, 

 Puget Sound, Possession Sound, Hood's Canal, 

 Canal de Haro, Rosario Strait, Bellingham Bay, 

 and the vast Gulf of Georgia, extending be- 

 tween Vancouver's Island and New Caledonia 

 for a distance of 120 miles, with an average 

 width of 20. This strait was discovered in 

 1787, byBerkely, while in command of a boat's 

 crew of the ship Imperial Eagle. In June, 1 788, 

 Berkely communicated the fact of its existence 

 to Meares, who sent a party to explore it, and 

 applied to the strait the name of "Juan de 

 Fuca." Gray and Vancouver entered this strait 

 in 1792, but to the latter the world is indebted 

 for the first authentic account of its vast extent 

 and numerous surroundings. Sailing along tho 

 Strait of Juan de Fuca, on the south or Wu<h- 

 ington Territory shore, Neah Harbor, Clal- 

 lam Bay, Port Angeles, New Dungeness, and 

 Port Townsend are passed, thence up Admiralty 

 Inlet into Puget Sound, to Budd's Inlet, the 

 head of which is located at Olympia, the capi- 

 tal of Washington Territory. From this point 

 to the forty-ninth parallel of latitude the di- 

 viding line between the United States and 

 British possessions a large number of bays, 

 harbors, and ports, line the vast sheet of water 

 extending the entire distance. 



UTAH. The estimated population of this ter- 

 ritory in 1864 was 80,000. Thfc number of 

 counties in the territory is fourteen. The pop- 

 ular election is held on the first Monday in 

 August, and the Legislature assembles on the 

 second Monday in December. This body con- 

 sists of a Council and House of Representatives. 

 The former is composed of thirteen members, 

 and the latter of twenty-six. The assessed 

 property in the territory amounts to $5,051,176. 

 The Federal Governor is James D. Doty, and 

 the Secretary Amos Reed. The Chief Justice 

 is John Titus, and the Associates Charles R. 

 Walts and Thomas J. Drake. 



There is another organization in the territory 

 known as the Mormon Church, or Church of 

 Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, as follows : 



First Presidency. Tho first quorum of au- 

 thority in the Church is the First Presidency, 

 and is composed of three members, viz. : Brig- 

 ham Young, Heber C. Kimball, Daniel II. 

 Wells. 



Twelve Apostles. The next quorum in au- 

 thority is the Twelve Apostles, viz. : Orson 

 Hyde, Orson Pratt, John Taylor, Wilford Wood- 

 ruff, George A. Smith, Amasa M. Lyman, Ezra 

 T. Benson, Charles C. Rich, Lorenzo Snow, 

 Erastus Snow, Franklin D. Richards, George Q. 

 Cannon. . 



Seventies. The next quorum in authority is 

 the Seventies. The seventy members that con- 

 stitute the first quorum of seventies, are all 

 presidents of the first ten quorums of seventies, 

 making seven presidents to each quorum ; tho 



members of all the other quorums of seventies 

 number sixty-three, each quorum having seven 

 presidents. There are sixty-eight quorums of 

 seventies organized in Utah Territory. 



High Priests. There is a quorum of High 

 Priests, the numerical extent of which is not 

 defined. This quorum has a president and two 

 counsellors. 



There are also quorums of Elders, Priests, 

 Teachers, and Deacons. 



The Seventies and High Priests in the various 

 settlements in this territory have meetings, and 

 are regulated by a local presidency, separate 

 from, but subordinate to, the standing presi- 

 dencies of their quorums. 



John Smith (son of Hyram Smith) is presiding 

 patriarch. There are several other patriarchs 

 in the church. 



High Council. There is a High Council, 

 composed of twelve members, organized at 

 Great Salt Lake City, and in all the principal 

 settlements of the territory. 



Bishops. The territory is divided into wards ; 

 over each ward is a bishop, with two counsel- 

 lors. Great Salt Lake City is divided into 

 twenty wards. Edward Hunter is the presiding 

 bishop. 



Membership. In the territory, the numerical 

 membership of the Church will nearly corre- 

 spond with the population. Throughout tho 

 United States there are branches and members 

 of the Church, but at present so unorganized 

 that the number is not known. 



There are organized branches and conferences 

 of the Church throughout England, Scotland, 

 Ireland, Wales, Denmark, Norway, Italy, Switz- 

 erland, Germany, and in other parts of the 

 world. 



In an address by Brigham Young, in Jan., 

 1805, he complains of the failure of Congress 

 to admit Deseret into the Union as a State, and 

 suggests that the territorial laws of Utah be 

 declared to be the laws of the "State of Dese- 

 ret." He further said : 



The progress which is being made in the opening 

 of coal mines, by which coal in increased quantities 

 and of an improved quality is being brought into 

 market; in the erection of handsome and substantial 

 stores and public buildings, and commodious and 

 elegant dwellings ; in the production of staples and 

 in the advancement of home manufactures 01 various 

 kinds, is a cause of sincere congratulation. Machin- 

 ery for the manufacture of woollen and cotton fabrics 

 has been imported and put into successful operation, 

 and I trust the day is not far distant when our impor- 

 tation of these articles will be comparatively limited. 



The efforts of our citizens to produce cotton have 

 been crowned with very encouraging success. There 

 have been, and still are, many difficulties to be con- 

 tended with and overcome before the raising of cot- 

 ton can become as remunerative as the raising of 

 cereals in more favorable localities ; but the expe- 

 rience gained during the past few years by the*citi- 

 zens of the cotton-growing districts will be of incal . 

 culable benefit to them in their future operations. 

 The recent accessions of strength which those settle- 

 ments have received, have had an inspiring effect 

 upon the old settlers there, and they feel that many 

 of the difficulties under which they "have heretofore 

 labored are about to be overcome. 



