CONNECTICUT. 



CONOLLY, JOHN. 



257 



The State charities were at the date of the 

 .ast report in god condition, :iii(i c,, tiffined in- 

 - as follow.-: I Vaf ami Dumb Asylum, :;."* 

 (State beneficiaries ; Ketivat for the Insane, 

 200; School for Imbeciles, 42. Forty-two chil- 

 dren ha<l by April, 1800, been received into 

 Fitch's Home, mi institution established at 

 I>aric:i by liciijamin Fitch of that placo, for 

 the reception and education of "disabled sol- 

 dier-;, and orphans of soldiers who have lost 

 their lives in defence of the country." The 

 number of inmates of the State Prison was 195, 

 of whom 180 were received during the year. 

 More than half of these are natives of the 

 I'nited Slates. Seventeen of the convicts are 

 serving life sentences. The commitments to 

 the county jails during the year amounted to 

 1,676, and the number of prisoners in all the 

 jails on April 1, 1866, was 216. 



The Adjutant-General's report shows that 

 under all the calls for troops, except that of 

 December, 1864, for which no assignment was 

 ever received by the State authorities, Connec- 

 ticut was required to furnish a total number of 

 47,622 men. The State actually furnished 54,- 

 882 men for different terms of service ; or, com- 

 puted on a basis of three jears' service, 48,181 

 men of all arms. The total quota, reduced to a 

 three years' standard, amounts to 41,483, and 

 the State had thus a surplus of 6,698 men over 

 all calls, without reference to her qnota under 

 the call of December, 1864. From the table of 

 casualties to the Connecticut volunteer force, 

 it appears that 6,626 officers and men were 

 killed in action, died of wounds or disease, or 

 were never accounted for ; that two officers and 

 6,281 men deserted the service, and that 27 

 men were executed for various crimes. The 

 last body of State troops in the national service 

 was the Thirteenth Veteran Battalion, which 

 was mustered out in April, 1866, at Savannah. 

 The claims of the State against the General 

 Government, arising out of the war, amounted 

 at the time of Governor Hawley's inauguration 

 to $1,948,688.79, of which $216,581.56 had 

 been rejected, and $75,805.95 was still pending. 

 The organized militia force consisted of 88 com- 

 panies of infantry, one light battery, two sec- 

 tions of batteries, and two batteries drilling as 

 infantry, forming au aggregate of 3,461 officers 

 and men, which showed an increase of 1,485 

 over returns for the previous year. Uniforms 

 for the militia were supplied by the State at a 

 cost of $74,532.54, and $20,000 were expended 

 for camp equipage. Very little of the quarter- 

 master's stores accumulated during the war has 

 been disposed of. 



The record of births, marriages, and deaths, 

 in Connecticut, prepared by the State librarian, 

 shows that in 1865 there were 10,202 registered 

 births, or 468 more than in the previous year, 

 and that the excess of births over deaths was 

 2,252, or ten less than in 1862. This result was 

 not in accordance with the expectation of those 

 interested in vital statistics, as the number of 

 marriages in 1864 had been greater than in the 

 VOL. TI. 17 A 



ms years. The excess of males born 

 over females was 9.31 JUT cent., and 93 cases 

 of births ol' illegitimate children \\<TU reported, 

 The births of colored children numbered 119 

 against 133 for 1864, and 174 for 1663. The 

 ip's numbered 4,460, or 353 more than in 

 1864. There were 7,950 deaths, or 1,169 less 

 than were registered in 1864. Of this number 

 4,069 were males, and 8,795 females, or 107.22 

 males to 100 females a ratio which will prob- 

 ably diminish now that the war is over. The 

 principal causes of death were consumption, 

 1,108; typhus fever, 548; dysentery, 410; 

 apoplexy, 826 ; cholera infantum, 821 ; and 

 diphtheria, 224. 



The tobacco crop, which forms an important 

 part of the agricultural products of Connecticut, 

 has proved during the last two years of very 

 inferior quality, the cause of which has not yet 

 been ascertained. 



CONOLLY, JOHN, M. D., D. C. L., an Eng- 

 lish physician, psychologist, and author, born 

 at Market Kasen, Lincolnshire, in 1795, died 

 in Hanwell, March 5, 1866. He was educated 

 at the University of Edinburgh, where he grad- 

 uated M. D. in 1821. He was for many years 

 consulting physician to the Hanwell Lunatic 

 Asylum, and of the Asylum for Idiots at Earls- 

 wood, and it is principally dne to his teaching 

 and example that kindness and solicitude in the 

 treatment of those afflicted with mental mala- 

 dies have taken the place of harshness and 

 force, thus mitigating the sufferings of the pa- 

 tients, and affording a better chance for recov- 

 ery. He was a man of deep feeling, and was 

 thoroughly enthusiastic in this department of 

 his profession. His advocacy of the humane or 

 non-restraint system of treatment of the insane ; 

 his adoption of the system in its fullest extent 

 in the largest asylum in England, in 1839, un 

 der his own personal care and responsibility, 

 and his many and most important works on the 

 subject, have long placed his name in the fore- 

 most ranks of the benefactors of the human 

 race. Dr. Conolly took an interest in the efforts 

 for the training and instruction of idiotic and 

 imbecile children at a very early day, and by 

 his writings and personal labors did much to 

 call the attention of the medical profession and 

 the public to the necessity of establishing spe- 

 cial schools for their education. He invited Dr. 

 Guggenbuhl to England; examined in person 

 the institution for Cretins at Interlachen, and 

 the schools of Seguin and Voisin in Paris, and 

 succeeded in creating such an interest in the 

 matter in England as to lead to the establish- 

 ment of the temporary school for idiots at Col- 

 chcster, and subsequently of the Royal Asylum 

 for Idiots at Surrey, of both which he was an 

 active manager. In addition to his profound 

 medical studies, Dr. Conolly was gifted with 

 unusual literary abilities, and his works are not 

 less remarkable for the charm and elegance of 

 the style than for his masterly treatment of the 

 subjects to which they relate. Among his most 

 prominent works may be mentioned, "An In- 



