f;i-:i:.MAN-iTAhiAX \v.\u. 



,'ou. The Bavarians, O8 the 8th Federal 

 >s had now lien n, resolved 



liiml the Main. 



Falkeiisteln, l'.-1'..iv pursuing,' the 

 ncd it. best first 



to cli '>-< country north of the Main of 



hostile troops, and therefore turned \M-stward 

 again ' -ral army corps. On the 



13th the vanguanl of the Thirteenth division 

 (Goebou) was at Laufach by three bat- 



i!io troops of Hesse-Darmstadt, who 

 lo loss were pushed back upon 

 AJohaffenburg. In and near this city the Prus- 

 !ia<], on the morning of the 14th, engage- 

 with tho Austrians and other divisions of 

 ;1 army corps, who were soon com- 

 :!io city, and fall back bo- 

 ;!io Main. Two thousand Austrians were 

 '.'in Asrhaflenburg from retreat, and cap- 

 Most of them were Italians, who sur- 

 ged rather than were captured, and re- 

 1 the Prussians with tho cry: "Eci-iea 

 'i ! Ectita la Prutida, /" 

 Aftor tho engagement at Laufen, Prince 

 :,.]. r of Hesse transferred his headquar- 

 ;.) Frankfort-on-the-Main. But when ho 

 . ed tho news of the passage of the Saale 

 by the Prussians, ho concluded to withdraw his 

 whole corn-; to the southern bank of tho 

 Main, and to effect a junction with Prince 

 ! '8 of Bavaria, and ho notified tho rump 

 that ho was unable any longer to protect 

 . The members of the Diet consequently 

 r Augsburg. On July 16th tho first Prus- 

 roops entered the city. General Falken- 

 1 a proclamation, in which he as- 

 sumed tho administration of tho Duchy of 

 .11, of the city of Frankfort, and of those 

 districts of Bavaria and Hesse-Darmstadt 

 which had been occupied by tho Prussian 

 troops. He imposed upon the city Frankfort 

 a contribution of six million florins. In a let- 

 > tho king he recapitulated the opera- 

 tions of tho Army of tho Main since the 1st of 

 July, stating that since then he had prevented 

 the junction of the Bavarian and the 8th 

 Federal army corps, driven back tho Bavarians 

 after a number of successful engagements across 

 the Main, defeated the 8th Federal army corps 

 at Laufach and Aschaffenburg, and occupied 

 the city of Frankfort; that tho enemy, after 

 sutl'-ring a loss of more than 6,000 men, was 

 south of tho river Main, and tho whole country 

 north of the Main in possession of Prussia. On 

 July 19th General Falkenstein was recalled 

 from tho chief command of the army of tho 

 Main, and appointed governor of Bohemia. Ho 

 was succeeded by General von Manteutfel, who 

 at once imposed upon the city of Frankfort an 

 additional sum of twenty-five million thalers. 

 Frankfort violently remonstrated, and one of 

 tho senators implored the intervention of the 

 French, English, and Russian Governments. 

 This step was without effect, but appeals to the 

 King of Prussia subsequently effected a reduc- 

 tion, of tho demanded sum. 



From the ICth to the 20th of July the Army of 

 the Main was reCnforced by souie landwehr 

 (mops, and by a brigade, consisting of tho troops 

 of Oldenburg, Hamburg, Bremen, and Luheck. 

 The loss of the army thus, from all causes, was 

 about 5,000; the reinforcements 10,000; the 

 wholo army was thus increased to 50,000. 

 Of those, 10,000 remained behind for the de- 

 fence of tho line of the Main, leaving to Gen- 

 eral von Manteuffel 40,000 for aggressive opera- 

 tions. Princes Charles of Bavaria and Alexander 

 of Hesse still had under their orders an aggre*- 

 gate force of 80,000 ; but there was among them 

 an utter want of concert, and, instead of effect- 

 ing a junction of their troops, they carried on a 

 literary controversy on their failure to effect a 

 junction of tj|eir troops, and on the cause of the 

 Prussian success. On July 21st the operations 

 of tho Army of the Main were resumed. The Ba- 

 varians were concentrated at Wurzburg, and tho 

 8th Federal army a few miles west of Wurz- 

 burg, on the Tauber. A distance of only a few 

 miles separated the two armies, but nevertheless 

 there was no cooperation. Amidst constant 

 shirtnishes, the Prussians, from the 23d to tho 

 25th, drove the Federal troops back across the 

 Tauber toward "Wurzburg. The most serious 

 engagements were those at Ilundheim (July 

 23d), Bischofsheim (July 24th), Gerichsheim 

 and Helmstadt (July 25th). The retreat of the 

 Federal troops upon Wurzburg, for the first 

 time brought about a union of all the forces 

 opposed to the Prussians. They still mustered 

 from 70,000 to 75,000 men against 'a Prussian 

 force counting no more than one-half thatnum- 

 her. The Prussians, nevertheless, continued 

 their advances. On July 2Gth they came into 

 contact with the first Bavarian troops, who, 

 after some firing, fell back toward Wurzburg. 

 On the 27th an advance of the whole Prussian 

 line against Wurzburg was ordered. The divi- 

 sion of General Goben was ordered to attack 

 Fort Marienberg, and began firing upon tho 

 fort early in the afternoon. When the filing 

 had lasted about two hours, information was 

 received from the Bavarian headquarters, that, 

 at the headquarters of King William at Nikols- 

 hurg, a truce had been agreed upon, which was 

 to end on the 2d of August. As General Man- 

 teuffel had not yet received any notification from 

 his own government, he only agreed to a truco 

 of 24 hours. Soon the news received from the 

 Bavarians was confirmed, and accordingly a 

 cessation of hostilities between the Army of the 

 Main and the Bavarians arranged. The truco 

 did not formally include the troops contained 

 in the Federal army corps ; but it was known 

 that all the States belonging to the 8th army 

 corps were represented by agents at Nikols- 

 burg, and hostilities between this corps and the 

 Prussians ceased therefore likewise. The 8th 

 army corps dissolved without waiting for the 2d 

 of August. The troops of Baden marched home 

 on July 30th ; those of Wurtemberg left on tho 

 same day ; the Austrians went homo through 

 Munich, and the troops of Hesse-Darmstadt 



