GREAT BRITAIN. 



3*1 



ir lives, bein.L- American cili/i-ng or 

 in this country, tho 

 nmit tVlt it -i If in honor 

 I to the d'oviTiimriit of Great 

 ::iiti^ate the severity of the sentence- 

 of ti .al court-*, ami commute tho 



punMiiiu 'lit of the misguided offenders, and 



iclay tin* favor was accorded. 

 In it- mu rnal atlairs tle year 1860 was a 

 :.-r the United Kingdom. Tho 

 ' CATTLE PLAQUE) continued, 

 its ravages until near tho close 

 , causing tho death of nearly tlireo 

 :>d thuu.-atid head of cattle, as well as 

 some- sheep and swine. A financial panic, 

 in its duration, but of terrible severity 

 \\hilo it lasted, brought down many of the 

 and largest banking-houses of the coun- 

 ::iid caused great disaster; and in the 

 autumn the stagnation of trade, and especially 

 of manufactures, produced great suffering and 

 1 riots in some of the large towns of Eng- 

 land. Hie Reform Bill of the Russell-Gladstone 

 Cabinet, an insufficient measure to satisfy the 

 hitherto non-voting mass, though better than 

 nothing, was lost by a majority of eleven, a 

 considerable number of members of the House 

 janions elected as Liberals voting against 

 it. This led to the resignation of the Russell- 

 (Jladstone ministry on the 6th of July, and the 

 .tion of a Conservative Cabinet in which 

 Earl Derby was Premier, and Benjamin Dis- 

 raeli Chancellor of the Exchequer. As the 

 rvatives had been avowedly hostile to any 

 se of MI tli-age, and tho Reform Bill of tho 

 previous ministry had been lost at a period too 

 Uti to admit of tho consideration of a new bill 

 during that session of Parliament, the agitation 

 of the question of reform was transferred from 

 the Houses of Parliament to the people, and 

 :ily attained a portentous magnitude; 

 monster meetings and processions were organ- 

 ized, and tho ill-advised attempt of the govern- 

 ment to prevent tho holding of one of the meet- 

 ings in Hyde Park nearly led to a riot, several 

 persons being injured. These meetings and 

 ssions were continued till the close of tho 

 and gave evidence that the people were in 

 earnest in desiring an extension of the suffrage. 

 In the tripartite war between Prussia and 

 Italy on the one side and Austria on the other, 

 BO brief yet so decisive in its results, Great 

 Britain took no part, as indeed she conld not 

 without serious damage to her own interests; 

 one of tho sons-in-law of the queen, the Prince 

 of Prussia, being the commander of one of tho 

 Truman armies, while Prince LudwSg of Hesse, 

 another son-in-law, was high in command in 

 the Austrian army. The war resulted in tho 

 loss to Prince Ludwig of Hesse of his pros- 

 pective domain ; and the King of Hanover, also 

 a scion of the reigning family of Great Britain, 

 being a cousin of the queen, lost his throne. 



The new Cabinet, which, came into office July 

 6, 1866, and continued in power at the close of 

 the year, consisted of the Earl of Derby, First 



Lord of tho Treasury ; Lord Chelmsford, Lord 

 Iligli Chancellor; tho Duke of Buckingham, 

 Lord 1'ivsidcnt of the Council; tho Earl of 

 M.-dmesbury, Lord Privy Seal ; Right Hon. 

 ] l.-njaiiiin Disraeli, Chancellor of the Exchequer, 

 and Representative of tho Government in the 

 House of Commons; Right Hon. Spencer Ho- 

 ratio Walpole, Secretary of State for the Home 

 tment; Lord Stanley (eldest son of Earl 

 Derby), Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; 

 the Earl of Caernarvon, Secretary of State for 

 the Colonies ; General the Right Hon. Jonathan 

 Peel, Secretary of State for War; Viscount 

 Cranborne, Secretary of State for India; Right 

 Hon. Sir John Pakington, First Lord of the 

 Admiralty; Sir Stafford Northcote, President 

 of the Board of Trade ; the Duke of Montrose, 

 Postmaster-General ; the Earl of Devon, Chan- 

 cellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ; Right Hon. 

 Galthorno Hardy, President of the Poor-Law 

 Board. 



STATISTICS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. I. FI- 

 NANCE. 1. Revenue and Expenditures. Tho 

 gross revenue for the year ending March 31, 

 1866,was67,'812,292 4s. Gd. =$325,499,002.68; 

 the gross expenditure, for the same period, was 

 66,474,356 13s.3d.=$319,076,911.98. Of the 

 revenue, customs yielded 21,276,000=$102,- 

 124,800; excise, 19,788,000=$94,982,400'; 

 stamps, 9,560,000=$45,888,000; taxes (land 

 and assessed), 3,350,000=$16,080,000; prop- 

 erty tax, 6,390,000=$30,702,000; post-office, 

 4,250,000=$20,400,000; crown lands, net, 

 320,000=$!, 536,000, and miscellaneous re- 

 ceipts, 2,878,292 4s. 6d.=$13,815,802.68. Of 

 the expenditures, 23,542,593 15s. lid. was for 

 the management of die permanent debt, and 

 2,691,054 3s. for terminable annuities and 

 interest on exchequer bonds and bills, in all 

 26,233,287 18s. lld.=$125,919,782.14 ; the 

 charges on the consolidated fund amounted to 

 1,883,675 2s. 3d=$9,041,640.54; for supply 

 services, army, navy, civil service, postal and 

 post-office packet, 37,797,898 12s. ld.=$181,- 

 427,489.30 ; and the extraordinary expenditure 

 for fortifications was 560,000=$2,688,000. 

 The estimated revenue for the year ending 

 March 31, 1867, was 67,013,000=$321,662,400, 

 and tho estimated expenditure 66,727,000 

 =$320,289,600. 



In 1866 the income tax was further reduced 

 to 4d. in the pound, or 1 per cent, on incomes 

 exceeding 200 or $1,000. The duty on tea 

 was reduced at the same time from 1 shilling 

 to 6 pence per pound, and the fire insurance 

 duty reduced materially. No new duties were 

 imposed in 1866. 



The national debt, funded and unfunded, on 

 the 31st of March, 1866, was 781,500,929 

 =$3,751,204,459.20. 



, 2. Imports and Exports. TTe have no re- 

 turns of these later than tho close of 1865, 

 those of 1866 not being yet published. The 

 imports of 1865 were 271,134,969=$1,301,- 

 447,851.20. The exports for the same year 

 were 218,856,316= to $1,050,519,916.80. Of 



