KANSAS. 



421 



it, in ilefiance of a provision in tho 



n. 



at ilio close of 



$660,890.2*, iiml the resources $550,- 

 :ist tho treasury 

 1 fur of $Kil,182.14. Claims 

 ili,- rai.l i.f the n-l.cl General 

 ^(54 were audited during tlio year to 

 mount of $492,944.83, the settlement of 

 Oawiord reooinmenda haH bo 

 !.-il for liy the issue of seven per cent, 

 one, two, and three years. He 

 further recommends the Appointment of a board 

 rs to examine the claims pre- 

 1 r>r adjustment; and that scrip, not ex- 

 aggregate amount audited, be issued 

 'fdanre with their report. 

 The number of school districts in Kansas at 

 se of 1866 was 871, of teachers in public 

 and private schools 1,248, and of pupils in public 

 and private schools 35,789. The Normal School 

 lished at Emporia in 1865 is now in full 

 petition with a daily average attendance of 

 o!io hundred students. The Legislature 

 of 1866 appropriated to its use for that year 

 $13,000, of which $10,000 was to be used in 

 the construction of a suitable building. At this 

 institution tho tuition is free to those intending 

 to l>ecome teachers, and text-books are also fur- 

 1 by tho State for the use of the students. 

 A movement has recently been instituted to es- 

 i an Indian College at Ottawa, 25 miles 

 south of Lawrence, where a school for the in- 

 struction of the children of tho Ottawa tribe 

 has been in successful operation for the past 

 two year-. This it is proposed to enlarge to the 

 dimensions of a collegiate institution. A tract 

 of 20,000 acres of land in the Indian Reserva- 

 tion has been set apart for its permanent en- 

 dowment, and the adjacent village of Ottawa, 

 having a population of twelve hundred, will 

 oonbein railway communication with Law- 

 rence. The college building is partly erected, 

 and tho Ottawa*, under the guidance of one of 

 their number, Rev. J. T. Jones, show a lively 

 interest in the undertaking. 



Tho immigration into Kansas in 1866 was 

 largely in excess of any previous year, tho ad- 

 vancing column being supplied with means, 

 stock, and implements for the establishment of 

 permanent and comfortable homes. Tho lowest 

 estimate makes the increase of the population 

 by this means amount to 40^000, while others 

 place it at 150,000 and upward. Immigrants 

 enter the State at all points along its eastern 

 boundary and move gradually westward, al- 

 though probably the greater number establish 

 themselves in the northern tier of counties and 

 along the Republican, Solomon, and Saline 

 Forks of the Kansas River. There is also a 

 prospect that the large and fertile southeastern 

 counties, which border on the Cherokee and 

 reserves, and which have heretofore been 

 rather avoided by immigrants, will soon have a 

 considerable population of farmers. A serious 

 obstacle in the path of immigration into Kan- 



sas has been the presence of various Indian 

 '.n reservations within the State. Rumors 

 of outrages by tho Indians, which in the news- 

 paper accounts have swelled into portentous 

 proportions, have not been confirmed by re- 

 ports from official sources. The Commissioner 

 of Indian Affairs reports that no serious hos- 

 tilitiof have occurred during the year between 

 tho Indians and whites, although numerous 

 cases of depredations by members of tribes not 

 heretofore treated with, or casual raids by them 

 upon frontier settlements of immigrants have 

 occurred. Between the Rocky Mountains and 

 tho Mississippi, he says, peace has been the 

 rule. The removal of the Indians in Kansas to 

 the Indian Territory lying south of the State, 

 has. been recommended as well on account of 

 the greater sense of security which will in con- 

 sequence be experienced by tho white popula- 

 tion, as of the evil influence which the vices 

 generated by civilization have upon the Indians. 

 In pursuance of this plan, treaties were made 

 during the year with the Cherokee?, Choctaws, 

 Chickasaws, Creeks, and Seminoles, holding 

 large tracts in the Indian Territory, in which 

 it is stipulated that friendly Indians from Kan- 

 sas shall be received into the domains of these 

 tribes, to be incorporated with them, or to 

 maintain distinct tribal organizations, as they 

 may elect. At the close of the year commis- 

 sioners were engaged in negotiating with the 

 Kansas Indians with reference to their removal 

 from the State. 



The railroad system of Kansas, which is des- 

 tined to develop in a remarkable degree the 

 resources of the State, made very considerable 

 progress in 1866, and at the close of the year 

 upward of 300 miles of track were in running 

 order. Within the borders of the State com- 

 mence what are commonly known as the Wy- 

 andotte and Atchison branches of the Union 

 Pacific Railroad. The former, which is a 

 direct continuation westward of the Union 

 Pacific Railroad of Missouri, was originally 

 intended to rnn almost due west from Wy- 

 andotte, on the west bank of the Missouri 

 River to Fort Riley, and thence turn north- 

 ward and join the Nebraska branch of the 

 Union Pacific road at Fort Kearney, at or 

 near the 100th degree of longitude. But in 

 the summer of 1866 the company received au- 

 thority from Congress to designate the general 

 route of the road, without reference to any 

 former act, with the proviso that it should be 

 entitled to no more Government endowment 

 than -if the original route had been followed, 

 and that a connection should be made with the 

 Nebraska line within fifty miles of Denver, 

 Colorado. In accordance with this permis- 

 sion, it has been determined to carry the line 

 westward along the Smoky Hill Fork of the 

 Kansas River, and so on to Denver. The chief 

 advantage of continuing duo west is the rich, 

 trade of New Mexico, for which a branch 

 will be made to Santa Fe. At the close of 

 the year this road was completed to June- 



