168 



MAINE. 



MARYLAND. 



by the rindictive spirit which has marked the tone 

 of its debates, by its want of magnanimity and Chris- 

 tian charity toward the vanquished, by its unpro- 

 voked and unjustifiable warfare upon the National 

 Executive, by its malignant hostility to the cordial 

 reconciliation of the people of the country, by its re- 

 fusal to admit into Congress any Senators and Repre- 

 sentatives, thereby practically accomplishing what 

 armed secession failed to accomplish, by the transfe_r 

 of its legislative power to a despotic centralizing di- 

 rectory, by its wasteful extravagance in adding to 

 the national debt and thereby creating a neces- 

 sity for additional taxation, by its neglect to adopt 

 measures for the contraction of the currency and an 

 early return to specie payments, by its contempt for 

 the Constitution, by its vascillating, sectional and 

 fanatical policy, by its unequal, unjust and revolu- 

 tionary legislation, and crowning its infamy by ap- 

 propriating from the public treasury a half a million 

 dollars as additional compensation for its worthless 

 services, merits and receives our unqualified con- 

 demnation and rebuke. 



Resolved, That we will hold all departments of the 

 Government to its official and solemn declaration 

 that the war was not prosecuted for any purpose of 

 conquest or subjugation, but to maintain the su- 

 premacy of the Constitution and to preserve the 

 Union, with all the dignity, equality and rights of 

 the several States unimpaired ; that the war having 

 ended by the surrender of the insurgent armies, the 

 people of the South are subject only to such penal- 

 ties as the Constitution of our common country, and 

 the laws passed in pursuance of it, may prescribe, and 

 are entitled to all the rights which that Constitution 

 insures to all the people of all the States. 



Resolved, That in order to sustain the credit of the 

 National Government, and that all its obligations 

 may be promptly met, it is of paramount importance 

 that taxation should be equally and impartially im- 

 posed upon all classes. To the end, therefore, that 

 so desirable an object may be attained, and that a 

 monstrous grievance may be abated, we invoke the 

 public attention to the fact that, under the laws of 

 the United States, more than two thousand millions 

 of its bonds are exempt from State and municipal 

 taxation, thereby creating a privileged order, and 

 throwing upon the business, agricultural and work- 

 ing classes an undue proportion of the burdens of 

 Government. Such a policy is unjust, reprehensive, 

 and violative of the fundamental principles of our 

 political institutions. 



Resolved, That this Convention, in behalf of the 

 Democracy of Maine, tender its thanks to Andrew 

 Johnson, President of the United States, for his fear- 

 less defence of an assailed Constitution, for his pa- 

 triotic efforts to harmonize a distracted country, and 

 for his manly resistance to the usurpations of a revo- 

 lutionary Congress, in which course of action we 

 pledge him a cordial support. 



Resolved, That we approve the call for a National 

 Convention to be held at Philadelphia on the 14th 

 day of the present month, and that we fully sympa- 

 thize with its patriotic purposes, and recommend the 

 election of delegates thereto. 



After choosing four delegates at large to at- 

 tend the National Philadelphia Convention on 

 August 14th, the Convention adjourned. 



The election took place on September 10th, 

 with the following result for Governor : 



J. L. Chamberlain, Republican 69,369 



E. F. Pillsbury, Democrat 42,111 



Majority for Chamberlain 27,258 



The election for members of the Legislature 

 resulted as follows : 



Senate. House. 



Republicans 31 138 



Democrats. 13 



Majority 31 125 156 



The election of Members of 'Congress had the 

 following result: 



Dial's. Republicans. Democrats. Rep. Maj. 



1 ... .John Lynch .. .15,611 L. D. M. Sweat, 11 ,653 . . . 8,953 



2 .... 8. Perham 13,784 N. Morrill 7,863 . . . 6,421 



3....J. G. Blaine... 14,909 8. Heath 8.31 S ... 6,591 



4....J. A. Peters... 12,059 G. M. Weston.. 6,564 ... 5,495 



5 .... F. A. Pike 12,851 W. G. Crosby. . . 7,963 ... 4,878 



MAPES, Prof. JAMES J., an agricultural 

 chemist, lecturer on chemistry, and author, 

 born in New York, May 29, 1806 ; died there, 

 January 10, 1866. "When a mere child, he 

 evinced a taste for chemistry, amusing himself 

 by some experiments which would have done 

 credit to one of riper years. After serving 

 many years as a clerk, he became a merchant 

 at the age of twenty-one, and .was extensively 

 engaged in sugar-refining, in which trade he 

 failed. In the mean time he gave much atten- 

 tion to the study of chemistry and the fine art?, 

 and was appointed professor of chemistry and 

 natural philosophy in the National Academy of 

 Design. He was also a working member of 

 many kindred societies in New York, and an 

 honorary member of several European scientific 

 associations. He was the inventor of some 

 useful processes in sugar making and refining, 

 which are still in use. About twenty years 

 ago, having suffered severe pecuniary losses, he 

 purchased a small farm near Newark, N. J., 

 where he applied his chemical knowledge to 

 agriculture, with success. Hs manufactured a 

 fertilizer known as " nitrogenized superphos- 

 phate," which he applied liberally to bis land, 

 and obtained large crops therefrom. He also 

 derived considerable revenue from the sale of 

 this fertilizer, but the purchasers did not have 

 the same success in its use as the professor him- 

 self had. A periodical, called the Working 

 Farmer, devoted to agriculture, was established 

 by Prof. Mapes. It treated agriculture as a 

 science, and labored to ground a knowledge of 

 the cultivation of land on true principles. Deep 

 ploughing, draining, and heavy manuring were, 

 in his opinion, the only means by which the 

 farmer could hope for success. He delivered 

 from time to time valuable lectures at agricul- 

 tural fairs, and prepared articles upon scientific 

 subjects for different journals, which have done 

 much for the enlightenment of the public upon 

 points of practical importance. 



MARYLAND. This State has made the 

 transition from slave to free labor with less 

 violence to its social elements, and less disrup- 

 tion of its material interests than any of its sister 

 commonwealths. Its citizens have applied them- 

 selves to their various pursuits with the utmost 

 vigor, and its progress in wealth and its general 

 prosperity have been most encouraging. A 

 special session of the Legislature was held in 

 January, which continued about six weeks. 

 One of the most important acts passed, was a 



