NEW JERSEY. 



539 



fruit fn.m t!ie.;o insects can be made a fixed 

 , MI that the man who chooses to go into 

 fruit-growing may be sure of 

 mioeess, provided he permits no other pursuit 

 with th.- proper attention to this at 

 Mil-.' There is no question but that 

 line of our fruits and fruit- 

 tree*, particularly tlio apple, is due to the ex- 

 -ti'in of agriculture, and the negli- 

 -'ovonly habits of the farmers of a 

 :y in the treatment of their orchards. 

 !:iy is, or ought to be, among the 



! .survey of the State is still pro- 



In addition to the half million tons 



drawn from the marl bods by teams each year, 



there are now facilities for the production and 



ion by rail of a thousand tons daily. 



About two hundred and fifty thousand tons of 



iron ore were mined during the year. 



The number of convicts in the penitentiary 



The number of cells is 832, and the 



institution is based on the theory of solitary 



oontiuonu'iit. A commencement has been made 



fyr a State reform school. 



The charitable institutions of the State are 

 m successful operation. The number under 

 treatment in the lunatic asylum during the 

 year was 540; of this number 821 ore sup- 

 ported by the public authorities. The deaf 

 and dumb and the blind children of indigent 

 parents aro supported in the institutions of 

 other Stir 



An act of the Legislature authorized the gov- 

 ernor to appoint a sanitary commission whose 

 duty it should be to report such information as 

 they might deem important respecting the gen- 

 eral sanitary condition of the State. They 

 recommended the enactment of a general 

 health code which should define more accu- 

 rately the powers of local health authorities, 

 secure diffusion of proper information, search 

 out remedies, procure accurate statistics, etc, 



The claim of the State against the United 

 States for expenses incurred on account of vol- 

 unteer troops amounts to $1,181,427, of which 

 $356,667 has been allowed, and $144,740 sus- 

 pended and disallowed. 



A home for disabled soldiers has been se- 

 cured on Mt Pleasant, Newark, where the 

 land has been leased and the buildings pur- 

 chased of the United States. The number of 

 patients up to the close of the year was 99. A 

 house for soldiers' children has been also pro- 

 vided, and has under its care 40 children be- 

 tween four and twelve years of age. Prepa- 

 rations for a history of the part borne by the 

 State in the recent war have been made, and 

 John Y. Foster appointed to prepare the work. 

 The sum of $5,000 has been appropriated to 

 the removal of the dead soldiers of the 

 State from the fields in Maryland to the An- 

 tietam Cemetery. 



At the session of the Legislature held at the 

 commencement of the year, a law was enacted 

 requiring the names of all voters to be regis- 



tered previous to the day of election. The 

 hours of holding the elections were changed 

 from eight A. M. and seven p. M. to seven A. v. 

 and sunset. At the same time eight hours was 

 declared to bo a legal day's work on election 

 days. The amendment to the Federal Consti- 

 tution, known as article 18, was ratified by the 

 l.iture at this session on April llth. The 

 vote in the Senate was ayes 11, nays 10; in the 

 House, ayes 84, nays 24. At this session an 

 attempt was mode to elect a United States 8en- 

 otor in the place of Mr. Stockton, whoso seat 

 had been declared vacant by the Senate of the 

 United States. (See COJTGBEBS, U. 8.) It failed, 

 however, in consequence of the refusal of the 

 Senate by one majority to unite with the 

 House in joint meeting. The Democratic mem- 

 bers of the Legislature united in a protest against 

 the election of senator. 1. Because there was 

 no vacancy; 2. Because the Federal Senate 

 acted by less than a majority of their whole 

 number, against the facts of the case; 8. Be- 

 cause it was a high-handed violation of the 

 constitutional rights of the State of New Jer- 

 sey to have two representatives in the Senate 

 of the United States, who are to be appointed 

 in the manner prescribed by the .Legislature 

 thereof. Congress immediately passed an act 

 directing the manner in which State Legislatures 

 should proceed in the election of United States 

 senators. 



On August 80th, the Governor issued his 

 proclamation, convening the Legislature in ex- 

 tra session for the purpose of passing the 

 amendment to the Federal Constitution, article 

 14, and for the election of a senator to Congress 

 in the seat vacated by Mr. Stockton. This body 

 reassembled on September 10th. The Governor 

 (Ward) in his address recommending the amend- 

 ment to the Federal Constitution said : 



I recommend the ratification of the proposed 

 amendment to the Constitution by the Legislature of 

 the State of New Jersey. I regard it as the most 

 lenient amnesty ever offered to treason, while every 

 provision is wisely adapted to the welfare of tbe 

 whole country. Its immediate adoption by three- 

 fourths of the States will insure the settlement of 

 all the questions at issue, and unite a whole people 

 in the work of perpetuating and strengthening a 

 free government. 



With regard to the senatorship he said : 

 While questions of great importance are pressing 

 upon the attention of Congress, New Jersey, through 

 an existing vacancy, and the protracted illness of one 

 of its senators, is unrepresented in the Senate of the 

 United States. As the existing vacancy took place 

 during the first meeting of the Legislature, no ap- 

 pointment could be made by me, and I regard your 

 election of a senator as only second in importance to 

 the ratification of the constitutional amendment. 

 Since your first meeting an act has been passed by 

 Congress, and approved by the President, regulating 

 the times and manner of holding elections for sena- 

 tors in Congress, a copy of which I herewith trans- 

 mit. It is desiirned to render as certain as possible 

 the representation of the States in the Senate by 

 preventing all factious opposition to the will of a 

 majority of the Legislature. 



The only change in the political division of 



