ROMAN' CATHOLIC CIiriK II. 



673 



each one mat; ntly of nil tho 



\voro control!. -d 

 . single board of dir n.oli- 



:l matter (if I' 



Tho lino could licit ! a<' 



iiu-d \vitlunit it. In IK.")", tho 



York Central Railroad 



ust tho 



I \inileiit opposition an 



"t'ul tliat nothing but tho 



. and per :' Mr. Rich- 



'. etiiild have prevailed against it. "\Vlicn 



'idation was carried, Mr. Richmond was 



i vice-president of the company, ft place 



that ho held until lie was made president on 



ment of Mr. Corning in 1804. 

 i:oi,Ki;S. H!:M:Y I>AI:\M\, LL. D., F. R. S., 

 r of Geology and Natural His- 

 tory in tho University of Glasgow, Scotland, 

 born in Philadelphia in 1809; died near Glas- 

 gow, aged 60 years. lie was a son of Dr. P. 

 K. Rng.rs, nn eminent physician in Philadel- 

 phia, and subsequently professor in William 

 Mary College, Virginia. Having received 

 a thorough education, ho became at an early 

 age professor of physical sciences in Dickinson 

 College, Carlisle, and in 1831 was chosen pro- 

 fessor of geology in the University of Pennsyl- 

 . which position he held for several years. 

 live geological labors commenced with a 

 y of the State of Xew Jersey, a report of 

 b, with a geological map, he published in 

 'sequently he was appointed to tho 

 work of surveying the State of Pennsylvania, 

 which, with some interruptions, occupied him 

 until 1850. His report of this immense labor, 

 with drawings, illustrations, and maps, was 

 published in Edinburgh in 1858, and ranks in 

 '.tie as well as practical value with the la- 

 ;' the first geologists of the age. In 1857 

 < appointed Regius professor of geology 

 and natural history in the University of ' 



where ho remained until his death. Ho 

 had pre\i ,t some time in Boston, 



when.- his scientific, attainments won him tho 

 respect of all. Ho ranked high among the 

 scholars and thinkers of the day. In his lec- 

 hc was a master of exposition ; lucid in 

 style, orderly in arrangement, persuasive in 

 tone, ho presented his subject in all its facts 

 nd relations with an artist's skill in expres- 

 sion, and at the same time without any ex 

 ration to produce artistic effect. Pro 

 Rogers contributed many important papers to 

 the "Transactions" of the American Philo- 

 sophical Society, the Boston Society of Natural 

 y, tho American Association of Science, 

 tho ''American Journal of Science," and the 

 Edinburgh "New Philosophical Journal," of 

 which he was one of the editors. I'o was the 

 author of a geological map of tho Vnit.d 

 and a chart of tho Arctic regions in tho 

 " riiy^irul Atla-j," and also aided in the prcpara- 



hical atlas of the Tinted Si 

 UoMAN CATHOLIC ciin;cil. The pres- 

 ent Pope is Pins IX., born at Sinignglia, on 

 You TI. 43 A 



May 13th, 1792; elected Popo on June 1C, 

 1840. The Colic-go of Cardinals, in 0. 

 1886, consisted of 69 members, of whom 

 cardinal bi.-hops, 9 cardinal deacons, and tho 

 remainder cardinal priests. As regards tho 

 nationality of the cardinal.*, 39 were Italians by 

 birth, 8 Frenchmen, 4 Spaniards, 4 (Jen; 

 Croatian, 1 Belgian, 1 Portujiuese, nnd 1 Jri.-h- 

 man. Throughout tho globe there were, at tho 

 el-..,, of the year 180/5, 12 patriarch 

 archiepiscopal, nnd 692 episcopal ; besides 228 

 sees in partibus injidelium, 130 archbishoprics, 

 and 196 bishoprics.* 



According to tho latest statistical statements, 

 there are in the Roman Catholic Church 310,- 

 000 monks and nuns. Tho male orders have 

 the following membership '. Franciscans, 60,- 

 000; School Brethren, 10,000; Jesuits, 8,000; 

 Congregations for nursing the sick, 6,000; 

 Benedictines, 5,000 ; Dominicans, 4,000 ; Car- 

 melites, 4,000; Trappists, 4,000; Lazarists, 

 2,000; Piarists, 2,000; Redemptorists, 2,000, 

 etc. The female orders count about 190,000 

 members, of which number 102,000 belong t- 

 Europe, dividing themselves in this way, that 

 10.000 belong to France ; 30,000 to Italy ; 10,- 

 000 to Belgium ; 8,000 to Germany ; 7,000 to 

 Spain ; 4,000 to Great Britain. There are 20,000 

 nuns in America; 4,000 in Asia; 1,000 in Africn, 

 etc. There are 28,000 Sisters of Mercy ; 22,000 

 Franciscans, in part engaged in nursing tho 

 sick; 10,000 Sisters of the Holy Heart; 8,000 

 Sisters of St Joseph ; 8,000 Sisters of our Lady ; 

 8,000 Sisters of the Holy Cross; 6,000 Sisters 

 of the Order of St. Carlo Borromeo, etc. Thero 

 is a large number of so-called congregations or 

 associations of various names, all serving chari- 

 table objects, nursing tho sick, assisting tho 

 needy, educating the children, providing lor the 

 orphans, etc. The Jesuits, who annually pub- 

 lish an official statement of their society, reck- 

 oned at the close of 1806 four consistories and 

 twenty provinces; tho number of members 

 being 8,167, showing an augmentation of 21.") 

 over the year 1805. In the French province 

 are 2,422, whereas, in 1805, there were only 

 2,266. Notwithstanding their expulsion from 

 Naples, Sicily, Turin, Vonetia, and the Mexican 

 empire, they are steadily increasing in number. 



According to the English Catholic Directory 

 for 1867, there are in England, in connection 

 with tho Roman Catholic faith, 1,415 pi 

 1,014 churches, chapels, and stations, 68 < n;- 

 munities of men, 204 convents, and 11 colleges. 

 England is divided into 13 dioceses, to which 

 there are attached 16 bishops. In Scotland 

 there are 4 bishops, 193 priests, 198 churches, 

 no monasteries, 16 convents, and 2 seminaries. 

 The number of Roman Catholic peers is 26, and 

 is made np of 1 duke, 7 earls, 3 viscounts, 14 

 barons, and 1 countess. The baronets number 

 60. Amongst the earls are two titles, \. 

 in tho year before were filled by Protestants, 

 viz., those of Denbigh nnd Gainsborough. Tho 



