684 



SAN DOMINGO. 



SCIILESWIG -HOLSTEIN". 



ber of the Executive Council for fourteen years. 

 In 1836 he was elected principal agent, which 

 in effect was president, of the Mutual Assurance 

 Society of Virginia, the oldest institution of the 

 kind in the State, being one of the few com- 

 panies which survived the war. He was the 



originator of the Richmond Fayette Artillery, 

 which he commanded for sevenil years. For a 

 long time he was a member of the executive 

 committee of the Democratic party. He was 

 a man of well-balanced intellect and strict in- 

 tegrity of character. 



S 



SAN" DOMINGO, or THE DOMINICAN REPUB- 

 LIC, a State of the "West Indies, comprising the 

 eastern portion of the Island of Hayti. Area, 

 22,000 square miles ; population, about 200,000. 

 President Baez, who, on November 14th, had 

 been elected, and on December 8th installed as 

 President, was, in June, deprived of his office 

 by a successful revolution, under the leadership 

 of General Pimental, and fled to St. Thomas. 

 On September 29th General Cabral was elected 

 President. In January Mr. Seward visited San 

 Domingo, and on January 14th he had an in- 

 terview .with President Baez at the national 

 palace. Mr. Seward stated that he had no 

 doubt the Government of the United States 

 would recognize the Dominican Republic. The 

 United States, he said, regarded the neighbor- 

 ing republics, founded, like that of the United 

 States, upon the principle of the equal rights 

 of man, as outward buttresses, which it was in 

 the interest of the American people and Gov- 

 ernment to multiply and to strengthen as fast 

 as it could be done without the exercise of 

 fraud or force. 



-SAN SALVADOR. (See CENTRAL AMERICA.) 

 SAXE, the name of one grand-duchy and 

 three duchies in Germany. Reigning princes, 

 Grand-duke Charles Albert, of Saxe-Weimar, 

 born June 24, 1818; succeeded his father July 

 8, 1853: Duke George II., of Saxe-Meiningen, 

 born April 2, 1826; succeeded his father Sep- 

 tember 20, 1866: Duke Ernest I., of Saxe- 

 Altenburg, born September 16, 1826; succeeded 

 his father August 3, 1853: Duke Ernest II., 

 of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, born June 21, 1844. 

 Area, population, and contingent to the army 

 of the old German Confederation, are as fol- 

 lows: 



English square miles. Population. Contingent' 



Paxe Weimar 1,421 280,201 3,015 



" Meiningen 933 178,005 2,110 



' Altenburg 509 141,839 1,473 



" Coburg-Gotba... 816 164,527 2,046 



During the Germ an -Italian war, Weimar, 

 Altenburg, and Coburg-Gotha, took sides with 

 Prussia, and Saxe-Meiningen with Austria. 

 The Duke of Saxe-Meiningen abdicated in Sep- 

 tember, as he was unwilling to yield to the 

 demands of Prussia concerning the entrance 

 of Meiningen into the North 'German Confeder- 

 ation. His son and successor joined the North 

 G-erman Confederation, in common with the 

 Grand-duke of Saxe-Weimar, and the Dukes of 

 Saxe-Altenburg and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. 



SAXONY,* a kingdom in Germany. King 

 John I., born December 12, 1801 ; succeeded his 

 brother, Frederick Augustus IL, on August 9, 

 1854. Area, 6,777 square miles; population 

 in 1864, 2,343,994. The capital, Dresden, had 

 145,728, and Leipsic 85,394 inhabitants. The 

 annual revenue is estimated in the budget for the 

 financial period of 1864 to 1866 at 13,658,984 

 thalers; the annual expenditures at 13,648,984 

 thalers. The Saxon army numbers 25,396 men. 

 In the war between Prussia and Austria, 

 Saxony took sides with Austria. When the 

 Prussians invaded and occupied Saxony, the 

 Saxon army retreated into Bohemia, and there- 

 fore cooperated with the Austrian army. After 

 the war Saxony concluded a peace with Prus- 

 sia, in virtue of which she now belongs to the 

 North German Confederation. 



SCHAUMBURG-LIPPE, a German princi- 

 pality. Prince, Adolf, born August 1, 1817; 

 succeeded bis father November 21, 1860. Area, 

 212 square miles. Population, in 1864, 31,382. 

 In the old German Confederation this princi- 

 pality furnished a contingent of 516 men. At 

 the sitting of the Federal Diet, on June 14th, 

 on the motion of Austria to mobilize the Fed- 

 eral army, the vote of Schaumburg-Lippe was 

 cast for the motion; but the Government 

 promptly disowned the vote of its representa- 

 tives, and sided with Prussia. After the war 

 the principality entered the North German 

 Confederation. 



SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN, two duchies, for- 

 merly united to the kingdom of Denmark, but 

 made over, by the treaty of Vienna, signed Octo- 

 ber 30, 1864, f o the Emperor of Austria and the 

 King of Prussia. By the treaty of Prague, con- 

 cluded between Prussia and Austria, on August 

 23, 1866, the Emperor of Austria ceded his 

 claims to the King of Prussia. It was, how- 

 ever, provided that the northern districts of 

 Schleswig should be ceded to Denmark if the 

 people of those districts should by a p!6biscite de- 

 cide in favor of annexation to the latter power. 

 The Prussian Government submitted to the 

 Prussian Diet a bill for the annexation of the 

 two duchies, which was adopted by the Diet, 

 and the Government consequently issued a fle- 

 cree of annexation. The plebiscite in the north- 

 ern districts had not yet taken place at the end 

 of the year. The two duchies will, under their, 

 former name, be reorganized and changed into 



* For a statement of the pnstiti tion and the latest rell 

 glous statistics, see ASNUAL CYCLOI -EDIA for 1865 



