STREET, AUGUSTUS R. 



N. T., March T, 181.1 ; died :it Man.-], -ter, Vt., 



AllgU-t 80, I -''it'-. She |i;nl received, for tllO 



nid tor the region in which her youth was 

 passed, superior advantages lor education, and 

 at tlio age of twenty-four was married to Mr. 

 James S. T. Siranahan, at that time a maniifac- 

 aiid UK-reliant in the same county, but 

 a prominent citizen of IJrooklyn. la 

 iccompanied her husband to Europe, 

 travelling quite extensively through the princi- 

 pal count 160 '>;' Europe, ami snlise<|iieiitly spent 

 somo time at Washington, during tho sessions 

 of the Thirty-fourth Congress, of \vliich lie was 

 a member. Here she was brought in contact 

 with refined and cultivated society, where her 

 intelligence and worth were fully appreciated 

 and made her many friends. In 1858 she was 

 :i First Directress of the Graham Institute, 

 lounde i to provide for the wants of respectable 

 aged and indigent females, and to the interests 

 of that noble charity she devoted her time 

 and effort with the zeal of a true philanthro- 

 pist. In lSi;:>. upon the organization of tho 

 "Woman's Relief Association of Brooklyn and 

 Long Island," Mrs. Stranahan was chosen its 

 1 'resident. This position was one requiring 

 great ta -t and skill in the presiding officer, and 

 to her superior judgment and energy is largely 

 owing its perfect success. This association was 

 an auxiliary to the United States Sanitary 

 Commiss'on, and originated tho Long Island 

 Sanitary Fair. This immense undertaking in- 

 volved a vast amount of responsibility, which 

 rested mostly upon her, and nothing. but her 

 zealous patriotism and remarkable energy of 

 character carried her so triumphantly through ; 

 but the effect upon her health was prostrating, 

 and after the disbanding of the association she 

 returned to her quiet home, and, with the excep- 

 tion of her connection with the Graham Insti- 

 tute, gladly withdrew from any public position. 

 She never recovered from the extraordinary 

 labors of the Fair, and her death occurred while 

 at a mountain retreat in Vermont, where she 

 had sought for some relief from the relentless 

 disease which was destroying her life. 



STREET, AUGUSTUS RUSSELL, a wealthy 

 and philanthropic citizen of New Haven, 

 Conn., born in New Haven, November 5, 

 1791; died there June 12, I860. He grad- 

 uated at Yale College in the class of 1812, and 

 soon after engaged in the study of law, but tho 

 state of his health compelled him to give up his 

 hopes of an active professional career. Though 

 the greater portion of his life an invalid, ho suc- 

 ceeded, through his benevolence and public 

 spirit, iu making himself a blessing to the com- 

 munity. From 1843 to 1848 ho travelled and 

 resided abroad, devoting much attention to the 

 acquisition of the modern languages, and to the 

 study of art. Inheriting an ample fortune ho 

 pave largely to benevolent objects, but most of 

 his benefactions were lavished upon his alma 

 mater. Besides occasional contributions to its 

 funds, he founded the Street Professorship of 

 Modern Languages, erected the building for tho 



BUG A!:. 



711 



Yale School of Fine Arts, and made pro 



for its partial endowment. He al-o l.-ft a hand- 

 some legacy, which is ultimately to be used in 

 founding tho Titus Street Professorship in tho 

 Yale Theological Seminary ; the balance, if any, 

 to be applied to the increase of the * 

 brary. Tho whole amount of these gi 

 nearly $300,000. Mr. Street was a man of rare 

 refinement and culture. One of his daughters 

 was the wife of tho late Admiral 1 

 U. S. N. 



SUGAR. Varieties of Cane: Soils. T]\e 

 chief varieties of the proper sugar-cane usually 

 admitted are: 1, the Creole, crystalline, or 

 Malabar cane ; 2. the Otaheilan cane ; 3, the 

 Batavian, purple-violet, or ribbon cane. 



Mr. II. B. Auchincloss, in a paper on the 

 "Sandwich Islands and their Sugar Crop" 

 (Merchants' 1 Magazine, v. 51, November, 1864), 

 argues that " nearly all the great sugar-growing 

 countries are of volcanic formation, more or less 

 recent " the three most marked exceptions, 

 apparently, being in case of the soils of China, 

 India, and Louisiana ; the last of which is prob- 

 ably not at all a lava soil, while, as to tho two 

 former, the volcanoes now in action or with 

 probability indicated by existing formations, 

 are too few to give the character of really vol- 

 canic countries. No variety of cane, according 

 to the author, appears to have been indigenous 

 to Louisiana; but Mr. W. Reed ("History of 

 Sugar," etc., London) declares that M. Ilenne- 

 pin and other early voyagers speak of the cane 

 as growing near tho mouth of the Mississippi 

 River. Certain it is that in the lava soil of 

 Tahiti the white cane, by many esteemed the 

 best known, grows wild, and that it was thence, 

 so late as the year 1794, first introduced into 

 the West India islands. 



Generally, it may be said that the cane re- 

 quires either a rich soil or high manuring. In 

 both soil and manure, however, a high degree 

 of richness in certain salts, as tho chlorides of 

 potassium, sodium, and ammonium, is to be 

 avoided ; since these salts, in the cano juice, 

 tend to withdraw from crystallization an equiv- 

 alent (several times their own weight) of sugar, 

 thus diminishing the returns from the crop. 



Qualities and Composition of Cane Juice. 

 As freshly expressed, cane juice is a thin, but 

 somewhat viscid, turbid-looking, grayish or 

 greenish-colored liquid, having a sweetish taste 

 and slightly balsamic odor. Essentially it is a 

 solution of cai.o sugar in water, mingled with a 

 small percentage of albumen, gum, a substance 

 resembling gluten, and minuto proportions of 

 cerosin and green vegetable wax [Excro. BRIT.], 

 and containing also mineral ingredients, such as 

 phosphate of lime, sulphates of lime and tho 

 alkalies, chlorides of potassium and sodium, and 

 compounds of magnesia, silica, alumina, and 

 sometimes iron. 



Tho proportion of pure, white, crystallizablo 

 sugar actually present in the juice, and that 

 should by any perfect method be obtained from 

 it, though varying with several conditions, sucb 



