;rm:n:s OF THE UNITED STATES. 



: Rutlcr, (ho Republican candidate f. 

 ernor, re. . -ivcd 4,098 votes, and J. 8. Morton, 

 the Democratic candidate, 8,948. 



NEU " -Stock-raWlig and agriculture 



nro tlio princi|>:il occupations of the people of 

 this Territory, though mining is prosocutcil to 

 a considerable extent, and with encouraging 

 i lio mineral resources of the Terri- 

 tory nro neither known nor appreciated, and 

 will not ho until the Indians are placed upon 

 . .itions, so that the miners can operate in 

 safety. < ' ilill'erent lorali- 



nd invariably yields richly. Silver is the 

 most prominent and most abundant mineral in 

 the Territory, and the lodes are found in every 

 mountain chain. Several copper mines havo 

 been opened, and promise well. Lead and 

 platinum have also been discovered. As an in- 

 ducement to introduce a manufacturing system 

 in the Territory, it is stated that the flocks of 

 sheep yield millions of pounds of wool annually, 

 not one-fourth part of which is manufactured or 

 used in the Territory, for the want of machinery, 

 capital, and labor. 



There are nineteen towns in the Territory 

 occupied by Pueblo Indians, the total popula- 

 tion being 7,060. These Indians are friendly 

 and industrious. The savage Indians in the Ter- 

 ritory number as follows: Apaches, 2,500; 

 Navajoes, 12,000, and Utahs, 2,400. Since the 

 Territory was acquired by the United States 

 they have committed depredations as follows: 

 horses, 2,407; mules, 1,155; cattle, 13.473; 

 Bheep and goats, 294,740; total value, $1,377,- 

 829.60. In addition to these thieving opera- 

 tions, they have killed ninety persons, wounded 

 thirty-one, and taken twenty captive. 



The year has been one of general prosperity. 

 The treasurer's report shows a balance in his 

 hands, November 15th, of $1,898.98, while there 

 are funds belonging to the treasury, still in the 

 Lands of the sheriffs, amounting to $5,069.25. 



Education has been neglected in the Terri- 

 tory. Out of a population of 93,516 there are 

 57,233 persons who cannot read or write, and 

 there is not a single free school in the whole 

 Territory, except those taught by the Sisters of 

 Charity, from the bounty of the Roman Catho- 

 lic Church. The Territory has been under the 

 piidance of the General Government for twenty 

 years, and not a single dollar has been furnished 

 by the Government or the people for education- 

 al purposes. 



The Spanish is the invariable dialect osed or 

 spoken. The proceedings of the Senate and 

 House are carried on in this tongue, but are also 

 printed in English. There are. it is claimed, 

 about 87,000 residents in the Territory who 

 speak the Spanish language, and about 3,000 

 Americans. 



The system of peonage, though ostensibly 

 restricted by legislative enactment, still exists in 

 all parts of the Territory, and there are some 

 2,000 peons kept in bondage. During the lat- 

 ter portion of the year, the hostile attitude of 

 the Indians was very marked, and Acting-Gov- 

 VOL. TI. 47 A 



ornor Arny imnod a proclamation, calling on 

 citi/cns to organize military cornpa: 

 tection against incursions ot tli- Indians. Ho 

 also says : '' The present condition of the Ter- 

 ritory of New Mexico, surrounded a* it is by 

 hostile tribes of Indians, whose constant incur- 

 sions and depredations are the source of the 

 greatest evil which afflicts our country, do- 

 mauds that our people should be prepared to 

 protect their own lives and property, as tl/o 

 military force in this Territory appears inade- 

 quate, and the militia inefficient and not in a 

 condition to perform this work promptly. Our 

 Territory b in pos>ession of a sufficient number 

 of arms and a quantity of ammunition ; and I 

 do hereby recommend to all able-bodied male 

 citizens of this Territory to organize themselves 

 into volunteer companies for home protection." 



The people were thoroughly aroused to a 

 sense of their danger, and a petition containing 

 the names of all the prominent citizens was for- 

 warded to the authorities at Washington, pray- 

 ing for nil increase of the military force in that 

 Territory, as absolutely necessary to protect the 

 lives and property of the inhabitants. 



UTAH. The anomalous condition of affairs in 

 this Territory has continued through the year; 

 the Mormon organization has been in fact par- 

 amount to the authority of the Government. 

 It has been found impolitic or impossible to 

 enforce the enactments of Congress. The cen- 

 tral position of the Territory will tend to 

 its rapid growth, and a change in its social 

 system would make it an attractive nvion 

 for immigration. The grandeur and magnifi- 

 cence of its mountain scenery is unsurpassed 

 Among its natural curiosities the absorbing 

 ohject is Great Salt Lake. Its surface 'a 

 fully equal to 8,000 square miles, and it has as 

 few impurities as any saline water. In the 

 summer season the water crystallizes, and vast 

 quantities of salt may be obtained upon its 

 shores. The warm and hot springs of Utah aro 

 so frequent that the curious become weary of 

 noting them. In Sanpcte, 170 miles south of 

 Salt Lake City, there is a mountain of salt, of 

 some extent and notoriety. Various deposits 

 of coal, iron, sulphur, alum, aluminous clay, 

 lead, copper, and silver, have been found. A 

 tolerable crop of vegetables, grains, and fruits, 

 may be raised in those portions where 

 can bo obtained for irrigating purposes. 



The summer proved unusually wet, but the 

 crops were generally g >od, and much more 

 moderate in price than they had been for threo 

 or four previous years. 



Violence against citizens not hi sympathy 

 with Mormonisra is quite common in Utah. 

 Men who -rive utterance to their disapprobation 

 of the practice of the " Saints," aro warned to 

 leave the Territory. Prominent men among 

 the " Gentiles," as all anti-Mormons aro called, 

 live in constant danger. Assaults and murders 

 are frequent, but in no case are the criminals 

 sought out and punished. This state of things 

 renders a residence at Salt Lake particularly un 



