UNITARI 



745 



The various races of which the population 

 - .1 in 1844, are thus cla-Mlicd in tho 

 :.at year: 



Tho budget for the year 1864-'65 estimates 

 the revenue at 3,242,190 purses (1 purso equal 

 to 500 piastres, or 5 sterling, or $24.20) ; the 

 expenditures at 3,205,672 purses ; probable 

 deficit, 36,513 purses. The external debt 

 amountedj in 1864, to 29,500,000 pounds ster- 

 ling ; the interior debt to 4,438,000 purses. The 

 Turkish army, during the Crimean War, was 

 composed as follows : Nizam (standing army) 

 105,325; Redif (landwehr), 103,827; militia, 

 7,741; total, 216,893. The Turkish navy, in 

 July, 186(5, consisted of thirty-three vessels of 

 war, with 1,203 guns; of twelve transports, 

 from seventy to eighty brigs, schooners, etc. 

 Tho imports of Turkey und the tributary coun- 

 tries t'or the years 1862 and 1863, were valued 

 at 1,300,000,000 francs, and the exports at 

 1,200,000,000 francs. 



The aspirations of the Christian tribes of 

 European Turkey for greater political indepen- 

 dence led, iu tho year 1866, to some raportant 

 results. The people of Roumaniu (formerly tho 

 two principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, 

 together with an aggregate population of 3,- 

 864,878) fully achieved that degree of inde- 

 pendence for which they had been struggling 

 for so many years. As Prince Couza failed to 

 carry out the national programme, and gave, 

 besides, general dissatisfaction by his adminis- 

 tration, a military revolution broke out in 

 Bucharest on tho 23d of February, which pro ed 

 11 complete success. Prince Couza was sur- 

 prised mid arrested in his palace, and compelled 

 to abdicate. The legislative assembly, in com- 



pliance with the general wish of tho people for 

 the cl.ciioii of a sovereign from one of tho 

 n-igniiig families in Europe, chow the Count of 

 Marnier-, brother of the King of I'.i-l^inm, as 

 llo-podnr, who, however, declined tin; nomina- 

 tion. Tho provisional government, on ill 

 of April, proposed Prince Charle- of HoL 

 lern-Bigraaringen, who was accordingly e 

 by a jii<lixi-',ti\ A conference of representa- 

 tives of the (Jreat European Powers declared, 

 on the 3d of May, the election of Prince Charles, 

 contrary to the existing treaties; but the newly- 

 elected legislative assembly confirmed the elec- 

 tion on the 10th of May, and I'r'm-e Charles 

 (May 20th) unexpectedly arrived in the coun- 

 try and assumed the -reins of government. 

 The Porte again protested against the accession 

 to the throne of Prince Charles, and even threat- 

 ened to expel him by force of arms. This plan, 

 however, was abandoned upon the advice of the 

 Great Powers, and finally the Porto consented 

 to recognize the permanent union of the princi- 

 palities under the rule of Prince Charles and 

 his heirs. 



The movements among the Greek population 

 of the empire were not equally successful. An 

 insurrection broke out upon the island of Can- 

 dia, which, notwithstanding the great disparity 

 of numbers, defied for several months the efforts 

 of the Turkish and Egyptian troops to suliduo 

 it, and was still holding out in April, 1867. 

 But the Candians did not receive tho expected 

 support from the Greeks in the kingdom of 

 Greece and other Turkish provinces, and from 

 tho Great Powers of Europe, and therefore did 

 not succeed in establishing their independence. 

 Sumo insurrectionary movements took place in 

 Epirus, Thessaly, and upon the islands of tho 

 Mediterranean, but they never assumed impor- 

 tant dimensions. (See CRETE and GHEE. 



In the Lebanon another insurrection of tho 

 Maronites took place iu December, 1865, under 

 tin.- leadership of Joseph Karaiu, which feebly 

 maintained itself until the 28th of March, 1866, 

 when it ended with the tliglit of Karam. 



The viceroy of Egypt, like the prince of 

 Roumania, demanded a greater independence; 

 and he prevailed upon the Porte to change, in 

 favor of his eldest sou, the la\v of succession. 

 Egypt openly aims at establishing its entire in- 

 dependence, and is making rapid progress in 

 that direction. (See EGYIT.) 



U 



UNITARIANS. The second annual meeting 

 of the National Conference of the Unitarian 

 churches in tho United States was held at Syra- 

 cuse, N. Y., on October 9th. 10th and llth. 

 Tlie meeting was organized l>y the election of 

 the following olh'cers : President, I >. T. Eliot, of 

 Massachusetts; Vice-Presidents, James Speed, 

 of Kentucky; Charles S. May, of Michigan; 



George Partridge, Esq., of Missouri ; John "Wells, 

 of .Ma-saehusi-us: Ucorire Manning, (Jen. i 

 of Ohio; Gen. Ambrose V.. I>urn-ide, of Khodo 

 Island ; Honorary Secretary, Rev. Augustus 

 :iniry, of Providence, K. I.: Recording 

 Secretary* Rev. Rolnrt Laird Collyer, of Chi- 

 cago, 111."; Corresponding Secretary, Rev. Geo. 

 II. Hepworth, of Boston. 



