278 



DOMINION OF CANADA. 



constituted on the 1st of July and subsequently, 

 occurred in November,, when General William^ 

 resigned the Lieutenant-Governorship of Nova 

 Scotia, and was succeeded by General Doyle, from 

 the Governorship of New Brunswick. Colo- 

 nel Harding was the successor of the latter in 

 New Brunswick. On the 7th of November a 

 change of ministry took place in Nova Scotia, the 

 Union party retiring from office, owing to their 

 recent failure at the polls to obtain a majority 

 in Parliament. With regard to the general con- 

 dition and resources of the Dominion, we are 



indebted to Hunt's Merchants' Magazine for 

 the following facts : 



It is estimated by the Canadian authorities that 

 since 1861 the population of all the provinces com- 

 bined has increased from 3,300,000 to about 4,000,000 ; 

 and although this increase may not be considered in 

 itself as specially important, yet it indicates a ratio 

 of progress which, at no very remote period, is des- 

 tined to give to our neighbors a commanding national 

 'importance. The following statement snows the 

 area of the respective provinces, their productions 

 in 1861, and the estimated population in 1867, as pub- 

 lished in the Canadian reports : 



AREA AND POPULATION. 



The commerce of the Dominion is large compared 

 with its population. The combined imports and ex- 

 ports of the former province of Canada for the last 

 fiscal year amounted to $105,000,000, which is equiv- 

 alent to about $34 per head of population. In 1860 



the foreign commerce of the United States averaged 

 $27 per capita. This comparison shows great vigor and 

 prosperity on the part of our neighbors. The standing 

 of the new Dominion in respect to tonnage and foreign 

 commerce is shown by the following statement : 



COMMERCE AND TONNAGE ; AVERAGE FIVE TEARS, 1861-'65. 



The tonnage above given for Canada is the sea- 

 ward tonnage ; besides which there cleared from in- 

 land ports to the United States on the average of the 

 same five years 9,291,069 tons, and entered at inland 

 ports from the United States 3,144,207 tons. This is 

 exclusive of ferry navigation. 



Thus far the provinces have conducted their finan- 

 ces with commendable economy. Their total debts 

 amount to about $75,000,000 an aggregate, it is 

 true, equal to the whole debt of the United States 

 seven years ago ; but yet less than one-fifth the rate 



per capita of the present Federal and States debts 

 of this country. The total governmental expendi- 

 tures of the provinces are, in round numbers, 

 $15,000,000, which, with a population of four mil- 

 lions, amounts to a burden of $3.75 per head of the 

 population. Our own Federal taxation at present 

 averages $13.95 per capita, to say nothing of our 

 State burdens. As illustrating the finances of the 

 several sections of the Dominion, we present the 

 following statement of receipts, expenditures, and 

 debts : 



REVENUE, EXPENDITURES, DEBT, ETC., 18C5 (EXCLUSIVE OF LOAN ACCOUNT). 



