380 



GKEECE. 



GEEEK CHUECH. 



GREECE, a kingdom in Europe. King, 

 George I., second son of the King of Denmark, 

 born December 24, 1845 ; elected ''King of the 

 Hellenes " by the National Assembly of Athens, 

 March 18 (old style 30), 1863. Area, about 20, 105 

 square miles; population (in 1861),!, 348,412; and 

 according to a census of 1864, about 1,400,000. 

 The budget for 1867 estimates the receipts at 32,- 

 472,353 drachmas (one drachma about eighteen 

 cents); the expenditures to 29,520,000 drachmas. 

 The public debtf according to the statements 

 made by the government to the Legislature in 

 July, 1865, was 299,806,192 drachmas; while 

 according to the report of the Minister of 

 Finances, of July 18, 1866, it was only 233,- 

 137,000 drachmas. The journal Elpis, of Athens, 

 in January, 1866, estimated the debt at 514,- 

 400,000 drachmas. 



The army in 1866 was composed of 11,460 

 men. According to a bill presented to the 

 Legislature in January, 1867, and adopted by 

 it, the strength of the army was, in. 1867, to be 

 raised to 31,300 men (14,300 regular, and 17.000 

 irregular troops). 



The fleet, at the beginning of 1866, consisted 

 of one frigate (of fifty guns) ; two corvettes 

 (together of forty-eight guns) ; six screw 

 steamers (of ten guns each); besides twenty- 

 gix vessels of smaller dimensions, and gunboats. 



The movement of shipping in Greek ports in 

 1864 was as follows : 



The coasting trade was made up of 56,354 

 entries (together of 2,186,553 tons) ; and 47, 780 

 clearances (together of 1,880,891 tons). 



The merchant navy, in 1864, was composed 

 of 4,528 vessels, together of 280,342 tons. 



On January 5th the Chambers adopted a law 

 on the regency of the kingdom, authorizing the 

 King to appoint, for the term of his intended 

 absence from the kingdom, his uncle John 

 Prince of Schleswig-Holstein Sonderburg 

 Glucksburg, regent. The King left Greece on 

 April 22d, to visit Denmark, Eussia, and other 

 countries of Europe. On October 27th he was 

 married at St. Petersburg to the Grand-duchess 

 Olga Constantinovna, daughter of the Grand- 

 duke Constantine. 



The foreign relations of Greece were friend- 

 ly, except those with Turkej', the Government 

 of Greece, no less than all classes of the popula- 

 tion, expressing the strongest sympathy with 

 the insurgents in Crete. Greece in her dip- 

 lomatic negotiations with Turkey leaned for 

 support on Eussia. In September the Govern- 

 ment of Greece received an identical note from 

 France and England, reminding the Greek Gov- 

 ernment of the duties imposed by neutrality, 

 and declaring that anv disturbance of the status 



quo might conjure up dangers for which Greece 

 alone would be responsible. In order to ex- 

 cite the sympathies of the Government and 

 the people of the United States, the Govern- 

 ment of Greece resolved to send a special am- 

 bassador to the United States, and appointed 

 General Kalergis to this post. When Kalergis 

 died at Paris, on April 24th, Eizos Eangabe was 

 appointed in his place. 



In December, the Greek Chamber of Depu- 

 ties, by a large majority, approved the opening 

 of an extraordinary credit on the part of the 

 government of ten millions drachmas, to pro- 

 vide for military preparations. 



In the last days of the year, the king ac- 

 cepted the resignation of the ministry, although 

 it had a large majority in the Chambers, and 

 charged Mr. Bulgaris with the formation of a 

 new ministry. 



_ GEEEK CHUECH. The Greek Church con- 

 sists of ten different groups, which in point of 

 administration are independent of each other, 

 namely : 



1. The Patriarchate of Jerusalem; it has 13 

 Sees (6 Metropolitical, 1 Archiepiscopal). 2. 

 The Patriarchate of Antioch, 16 Metropolitical 

 Sees. 3. The Patriarchate of Alexandria, 4 

 Metropolitical Sees. 4. The Patriarchate of 

 Constantinople, 135 Sees (90 Metropolitical, 

 4 Archiepiscopal). 5. Eussia, 65 Sees (5 Me- 

 tropolitical, 25 Archiepiscopal). 6. Cyprus, 4 

 Sees (of which 1 is Archiepiscopal). 7. Aus- 

 tria, 11 Sees (2 Metropolitical). 8. Mount Si- 

 nai, 1 See. 9. Montenegro, 1 Metropolitical 

 See. 10. Greece, 24 Sees. (The Archbishop 

 of .Athens is ex officio President of the Holy 

 Synod.) 



Since the annexation of the Ionian Islands to 

 the kingdom of Greece, the Government of 

 Greece has naturally been desirous to unite the 

 seven bishops of the islands, who formerly were 

 under the jurisdiction of the Patriarch of Con- 

 stantinople, with the Holy Synod of Greece. 

 The Church of the Ionian Islands showed itself, 

 however, opposed to such a union. The, statis- 

 tics of the Greek Church, in 1867, were : 



Eussia (in Europe, 51,000,000 ; in Siberia, 

 2,600,000 ; in the provinces of the Cau- 

 casus no official account of the ecclesiasti- 

 cal statistics has yet been made ; the 

 total portion of this part of the empire 



is 4,257,000), about 55,000,000 



Turkey (inclusive of the dependencies in 



Europe and Egypt), about 11,500,000 



Austria 2,921,000 



Greece (inclusive of Ionian Islands) 1,220,000 



United States of America (chiefly in 

 the territory purchased in 1867 from 



Russia) 50,000 



Prussia 1,500 



China , 200 



Total. 



,. 70,692,700 



The long struggle between the Government 

 of Eonmania (the united Danubian principali- 

 ties of Moldavia and Wallachia) and the Greek 

 Synod of Constantinople terminated in 1866, 

 in the formal recognition of the entire indepen- 



