-TI:\CIIAN, JOHN. 



SULPIin: PRODUCE OF IT AM 



ill.- departure of tin- train. Any pas- 



in the cars without a ticket is charged 



double fare up to the n. -\t Mation, where lie 



must !_-vt his ticket. For hair.r.iL'v llie weight 



ot' I'.!! kilos ll'ili pounds) is allowed free, I, 



nil a passenger chooses to tak- with him in 

 tlu- car that may not nnnoy his neighbor. 

 Fondas or places of refreshment are established 

 at various .-tatioiis, furnishing a very good meal 

 for 1 1 r. v. (7<> cents). Where stations are at 

 some distance fnun a city, a service of oinni- 

 is found fare 2 r. v., or 10 cents. As 

 (.New he re, commutation and excursion tickets 

 are i-sued when needed. 



SHJACllAN, Joii.v, D.D., LL.D., Bishop of 

 Toronto, horn in Aberdeen. Scotland. April 12, 

 1778; died at Toronto, November 1st. His 

 early years were spent at school, and in 1796 

 he finished his course at King's College, Aber- 

 deen. Soon afterward ho removed to the vi- 

 cinity of St. Andrews, where he contracted 

 many important and lasting friendships 

 amongst others, with Thomas Duncan and Dr. 

 Chalmers. He then became teacher of the 

 (irammar School at Cornwall, and had among 

 his pupils many who became prominent men. 

 Among others, was the celebrated painter, Sir 

 I a\id Wilkie. The teacher soon perceived 

 Wilkie's genius and with much difficulty per- 

 suaded his uncle to send him to the celebrated 

 Raeburn, then enjoying the highest reputation 

 in Scotland. Often did Sir David, at the height 

 of his fame, declare that ho owed every thing 

 to his reverend teacher, and that but for his 

 interference he must have remained in obscu- 

 rity. 



It is a somewhat singular fact that although 

 Bishop Strachan had been educated as a Pres- 

 byterian, he was selected by Colonel Graves 

 Simcoe, then Lieutenant-Governor of Upper 

 Canada, to superintend the introduction of a 

 system of education which was contemplated 

 for the benefit of the province, and which con- 

 sisted in establishing grammar-schools in every 

 district, and a university at their head, at the 

 seat of government. He sailed from Qreenock 

 in August, 1799, with the intention of entering 

 upon the duties to which he had been appoint- 

 ed. Reaching Kingston, on the last day of the 

 year, he was greatly disappointed to learn that 

 Governor Simcoe had some time before re- 

 turned to Kngland, and that the scheme of es- 

 tablishing the proposed university had been 

 abandoned. In the mean while Dr. Strachan 

 obtained employment as a private tutor, and 

 devoted his leisure time during the three years 

 of his engagement to the study of divinity, 

 with a view of entering the Church at its ex- 

 piration. In May, 1803, he was ordained a 

 deacon by the Right Rev. Dr. Mountain, the 

 first Protestant Bishop of Quebec; and in 1804 

 was admitted to orders and appointed to the 

 mission of Cornwall. His degree of D. D. was 

 conferred on him by the University of Aber- 

 deen in isii". and his degree of LL. D. by the 

 University%r St. Andrews the same year. He 



was appointed Rector of York in IHI-J, and in 

 1825 Archdeacon of York. In IH:{ ( ., the year 



hefoiv the 1'nion A' >od, he was ap- 



pointed Bishop of Toronto, and the year fol- 

 lowing he resigned his place in the Legislative 

 Council of I'pper Canada. After that time he 

 took no part in politics; i, M t in the year- 

 viously, from 1818, when he was appointed an 

 i:\eciitive Councillor, and had a scat given him 

 in the I.e/i-laiivo Council, he took a very ac- 

 tive one: and nothing could exceed the bitter- 

 ness of the strife between his party on the one 

 side, and that of Mr. W. L. Mackenzie on the 

 other. The rebellion of 1837-'38, in Upper 

 Canada, arose out of it. To his perseverance 

 is due the establishment of the two universities 

 in Toronto. During his councillor-hip, and at 

 his suggestion, 67 rectories wcri erected in 

 Upper Canada. In 1828 Dr. Strachan became 

 Archdeacon of York. Eleven years later he 

 was appointed Bishop of Toronto, and not until 

 old age had begun to weaken him would he 

 consent to share the burdens of his office with 

 a coadjutor. As a bishop, Dr. Strachan ruled 

 the Church. All men spoke well of him, even 

 those who had been politically opposed to him 

 with so much bitterness. And the Church of 

 Kngland greatly flourished under his adminis- 

 tration. No breath of dishonor, even through 

 the exceeding bitterness of the strife of faction, 

 ever sullied his fair name. And he went down 

 to his rest, not only full of years, but with 

 more than the ordinary years of men, in peace, 

 seeing his Church and country happy and 

 flourishing, and giving good promise for the 

 future. 



SULPHUR PRODUCE OF ITALY, THK. 

 The sulphur-mines of Italy have long been 

 famous for their yield, and their present pro- 

 ductiveness fully sustains their reputation. 

 They are now producing something like 300,- 

 000 tons per annum, which, taken in the crude 

 state, represents .a money value of about 

 1,200,000. But their yield has only become 

 so enormous in the course of years, the aver- 

 age yield for the year 1830 being but about 

 one-tenth of the present yield. The greater 

 part of the above quantity is derived from 

 Sicily ; the Romagna, however, commenced to. 

 increase the supply some seven years since, and 

 in 1862 was contributing about 8,000 tons per 

 annum, and this quantity has since been in- 

 creased. For the last fourteen years an im- 

 proved method of separating the sulphur from 

 the accompanying limestone has been success- 

 fully practised in Sicily. The separation of the 

 sulphur from gangue is always effected by 

 liijuation, the necessary beat for the fusion 

 being obtained by burning a portion of the ore. 

 This operation, which was formerly effected in 

 small cylindrical open kilns, is, by the improved 

 process, performed in heaps, which are often 

 four hundred times the capacity of the kilns. 

 The ore is arranged in a manner similar to that 

 adopted in charcoal-burning, the air heir. 

 eluded by an impermeable covering of earth. 



