SWITZERLAND. 



TENNES - 



TO.'. 



Tln< in. -reliant, navy < 



ether (,f S 



III ti; '..in budget. I'ur- iii p, rio.l from 



;:i ( the annual revenue and e.xpen 

 ilituivs arc rach fixed at 4,770,nnu ( Norwegian) 

 dollars. Tin. public debt, in 1805, amounted 

 '> dollars. Tin- army, on the pcaee 

 looting, numbers li>,0<>0, and on th. 

 in^ ISJIIIK. The landwehr is to be exclusively 



for thi- defence of th" country. The 'un- 

 valued at IS,'J71,'.ts7, and 

 |.':,">sl,i;;t:> t balers. The nnni- 

 . -nterin^ Norwegian purts. in 

 wa-i iL'.ni, together of i'>71,047 lasts; 

 the ininiber of clearances 12,271, together of 

 so lasts. The merchant navy, in 1865, 

 numbered 5,407 vessels, together of 35i\'.M'.) 

 la-K 



SWITZERLAND, a Federal Republic in Eu- 

 rope. Area, 15,933 square miles; population, 

 in isiiO, 2,510,494-. President of the "Federal 

 Council (the executive consisting of seven ineiii- 

 for the year 1867, Constantin Foruerod, 

 of Vaud ; Vice-Presidont, Dr. Jacob Dubs, of 

 Z'irieh. Tho President resigned in October, 

 1867, in order to take the chairmanship of the 

 S\\i>< Credit Mobilier at Geneva, when the 

 Viee-President took his place. Minister resi- 

 dent of the United States in Switzerland, 

 George Harrington, appointed in 1865. The 

 expenditures of the Confederation, in 1866, 

 were 21,552,495 francs; the receipts, 20,103,- 

 283 francs; deficit, 1,449,212 francs. For the 

 budget for 1867, the expenditures were esti- 

 mated at 25,485,000 francs ; the receipts at 



20,263,000 francs, and the deficit at 5,222,000 

 franc-*. The led. -ral army comprises: 1. Regu- 

 lar army ("BafideMOSZOg"), ( 

 men fiM-ii I unity to thirty years i.Jd. I 

 it. of the population, i' 

 ng of men who hav.; Mn 



the regular army, from thirty to forty years old. 

 i.-ent. of the population. 



3. Tho land \veh r, ron-istin^ of all im-n able to 

 carry arms, awl aged lc than forty-four years, 

 who serve neither in the regular army nor in 

 the re^ene. In December, \*M. the regular 

 army numbered 87,537 men; the reserve, 49,- 

 513; the landwehr, CO,!*.") ; total, L'lll.nd.-,. 



In December the Sui-- l'ed,.-ral Assembly- 

 elected Vice-Pre.sidetit Dubs to be the President 

 for 1868, and Councillor Weld to be Vice-Piv-i- 

 dent. M. Ruffy, of the Canton of Vatid, was 

 elected the seventh member of the Federal 

 Council in the place of M. Fornerod. 



An important resolution was passed in De- 

 cember by the Grand Council of Berne. It de- 

 cided, by one hundred and twenty-eight votes 

 against seventy-five, that experience having 

 shown the incompatibility of the observance ot 

 the legal dispositions concerning instruction 

 with the absolute obedience which the mem- 

 bers of religious orders owe to their superiors, 

 no person belonging to any of those orders 

 shall henceforth be admitted to the educational 

 staff. All such teachers, attached to primary 

 public schools, will be considered as having re- 

 signed. The adoption of this resolution pro- 

 duced a great excitement in the Catholic dis- 

 tricts of the canton. 



T 



TENNESSEE. A joint resolution was adopt- 

 ed by the Legislature of Tennessee in Feb- 

 ruary, 1867, calling on the Federal Government, 

 through General Thomas, for a sufficient mili- 

 tary force to restore order and quiet in the 

 State, and to preserve the peace. It was al- 

 leged in the preamble of this resolution that in 

 several counties violence prevailed over civil 

 law, and that riot and murder were committed 

 with impunity. Governor Brownlow accord- 

 ingly made application, on the 1st of March, 

 to General Thomas for the required military 

 force, and received the following reply from 

 that officer : 



HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE TKNNEBSEE, I 

 LOUISVILLE, Kv., March 7, 1867. ( 

 To His Excellency Wm. G. Brownlow, Governor of 



Tennessee : 



SIR : I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt 

 of your communication of March 1, 1867, covering a 

 copy of a joint resolution of the General Assembh ot' 

 Tennessee, adopted February 28, 1867, and apply- 

 in,', in accordance therewith, to the United States, 

 through me, for a sufficient force of United States 

 soldiers to keep the peace and restore order in such 

 portions of the State as the civil authorities have 

 proved themselves unable to control. The State of 

 VOL. vn. 45 



Tennessee has been declared by proclamation of the 

 President of the United States to be no longer in re- 

 bellion, and that the laws can be enforced therein by 

 proper civil authority, and the orders to me as mili- 

 tary commander of this department are in accordance 

 with said proclamation. 



The troops under my command are available for 

 assistance to the civil authorities in enforcing the laws 

 and preserving order, and upon the application of 

 your excellency a sufficient force for that purpose will 

 be sent to auy'locality in the State of Tennessee that 

 may be designated, but the troops will act as aids 

 only to the properly constituted civil authorities, and 

 not assume control of the citizens by virtue of mili- 

 tary orders. 



With any such application as your excellency may 

 make, it is requested that the nature of the disorder 

 requiring the force may be stated, and the authorities 

 to whom the troops are to report may be particularly 

 designated. 



I have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully, your 

 obedient servant, 



GEORGE H. THOMAS, 

 Major-General U. S. A., commanding. 



The Governor had already begun to organize 

 a militia under the name of the State Guards, 

 of which he retained the chief command in his 

 own hands. The following passages are taken 

 from his General Orders, No. 1 : 



