WINIMKM'SK. A. 



WISCONSIN. 



769 



pagne in Franc,-. Tin- French bottle will 

 land a pressure of twcii!\ -the In thirty atmos- 

 pheres; while the American will ran-ly bear 

 more than sixtci -11 U> ( is shown by the 



mail" 1 in testing tlu-in. Tin- neck 



lit' tli.- French bottle i- lik.-uK-- more uniform. 

 No oM nor second-hand bottles m if- -1. The, 

 an- also imported t'rmii Kpcrnay. 



This second fermentation having now pro- 

 bated, it is am-sU-d in u r re;:t meas- 

 ure li\ lowering the bottles into the vaults built 

 rage Of Sparkling wine, where they are 

 stacked I iy scores of thousand.-, in loiiL r rows 

 resembling cord-wood ; each bottle ln-inu' laid 

 on its side, along which now collects the sed- 

 iinent generated liy the t'ernientation. The 

 develo[)eniont of pis iuay not. however, wholly 

 as the occasional bursting of bottles will 

 show. In one hot August, sonic years ago, the 

 gas evolved by a slight excess of the rock-candy 

 I the destruction of til'ty thousaiid bottles. 

 The wine thus spilled is, however, conducted 

 1 >y a contrivance of stone gutters to .1 reser- 

 voir, and is distilled into brandy; seven meas- 

 ures of wine making one of brandy. 



The bottled wine thus stacked in store may 

 remain undisturbed for years. When wanted 

 for market, the bottles, without disturbance of 

 their sediment, are carefully placed in racks, 

 their necks inclining downward, and are grad- 

 ually rai-ed, day by day, toward a perpendicu- 

 lar and inverted position, each bottle being 

 every day twirled about one-third round and 

 back again by hand several times; which agita- 

 tion causes the sediment to collect gradually in 

 the neck, leaving the wine above perfectly clear. 

 This operation requires two or three weeks. 



The bottles are now carefully elevated from 

 the cellar ; and, as u very skilful workman re- 

 moves each cork, the put!' of gas expels all .sed- 

 iment a process known as u dis^orgim; " and 

 the bottle passes to the hand of another, who 

 quickly adjusts its mouth to :i tube, through 

 which it receives by gauge a small quantity of 

 the wine-solution of pure rock-candy just 

 enough to make good the loss in disgorging; 

 and the bottle is received by a third workman, 

 and furnished, at a single blow of a mallet, with 

 a new cork, which a fourth workman as quickly 

 secures in it- place by the use of an admirable 

 machine. The wine is made. 



The bottles are now removed to the packing- 

 room, and there properly labelled, and p. 

 in boxes of twelve quart bottles or twenty-four 

 pint bottles each; and every box is secured 

 against fraudulent opening by means of IJart- 

 :'.-itent a red t.ipe tied round the cent ro- 

 of the box. fitting in a groove, ami sealed with 

 the seal of the wine-bouse: which patent has 

 been adopted as the "trade-mark" 1 tor pure 

 wine- by the American Wine-Growers' Asso- 

 ciation of Ohio. 



In the preparation of still wines, the propri- 

 etor avails himself of a valuable precaution 

 which is of practical interest to th% makers of 

 wine 



VOL. vii. 49 



The discovery made by L. Paste-on (to \\ 



was awarded a gold m.-dal by i 



France at the Paris K\p-.-iti..n . !:,.:' 



heated to the tempera! ure of sixty degrees cen- 

 tigrade will not turn, In-come diseased, nor de- 



-.dimciit, was immediately put into 

 tice at this wilie-ln", 



A heating chamber was constructed with 

 capacity for two thousand bottles of wine ; and 



led anticipation. Wine ! 



In accordance with Pa-teiir'> method, and after- 

 ward exposed to the sun tor four \\erks, Olljy 

 gained a more perfect cleanup; while w 

 exposed, without such preparation, showed that 

 trace of sediment which the most careful wine- 

 makers have not hitherto been able to prevent. 

 I'ry wine in casks can bo heated : n the same 

 manner. Tlie history of t^is discovery in 

 France thus far ranee that it will be 



of incalculable use in the preservation and even 

 the restoration of wine. 



( >t still wines there are seven kinds made at 

 this bouse: namely, Catawba, Isabella, Con- 

 cord, Virginia Seedling, Ives's Seedling, Kent/ 

 Seedling, and Taylor's Hullitt. Of Sparkling 

 wines, only Catawba and Isabella have hi; 

 been manufactured; but the list is increased 

 the present season by adding the Delaware, 

 [yerfl Seedling, Virginia Seedling, Concord, and 

 Kentz Seedling. They promise great excel- 

 lence, and are now for the tirst time presented 

 to the American public as sparkling wines. 



WISCONSIN. The Legislature met on the 

 1st of January, and continued in session till 

 April llth. Among the various acts passed, the 

 following are the most prominent, viz.: One 

 submitting to the people, at the next election, 

 an amendment to the State constitution, al- 

 lowing each member of the Legislature three 

 hundred and fifty dollars per annum for his 

 services, and ten cents for every mile he shall 

 travel in going to and returning from the : 

 of meeting. Another, allowing the reirents of 

 normal schools to expend annually $5,000 in 

 holding teachers' institutes in different parts of 

 the State. [Another, for the preservation of 

 game, which makes it penal to catch or destroy 

 any woodcock, grouse, deer, etc., during cer- 

 tain months specified; and one with similar 

 provisions for the preservation of brook-trout. 

 Another regulating the hours of manual labor, 

 and fixing the same at eight hours a clay. 

 Another regulating insurance companies, not 

 incorporated by the State, and iinpo.--in^ on 

 them stringent conditions. Another consoli- 

 dating all the Wisconsin railroads running into 

 Milwaukee, except the Chicago and North'. 

 ern; and a resolution to amend the constitu- 

 tion, Diving t(t women the rL'ht of >u:': 

 The finances of the State are in excellent con- 

 dition. The amount of public indebtedness is 

 si-'.-JT'.'.OnV. The receipts into the Treas-: 

 the fiscal year ending September 80th were 

 $885,187.06, and the disbursement-* $826,583 

 JSJ. leaving an unexpended balance of $8,594.18. 



The aggregate value of taxable property in 



