24 



ANDERSON, CHARLES J. 



The following table shows the area and 

 population of each of the independent Ameri- 

 can states, and of the possessions of the 

 European powers in 1868. 



ANDERSSON, CHABLES JOHN, an eminent 

 African explorer and author, born in Sweden, 

 about 1812 ; died in or near Ondonga, one of 

 the towns of the Ovambo, in Herero-Land, 

 Southwestern Africa, in January, 1868. From 

 his childhood, Andersson was fond of ad- 

 venture, and delighted in field-sports, hunt- 

 ing, and the study of natural history in the 

 field. He had achieved considerable reputa- 

 tion in his own country as a naturalist, when, 

 in 1849, he visited England, of which country 

 his mother was a native, bringing with him a 

 fine collection of living animals and birds, as 

 well as many prepared specimens, illustrating 

 very fully the fauna of Sweden. He had long 

 cherished the hope of being able to visit 

 Africa, and then to explore new regions, and 

 make collections in natural history, which 

 should be unrivalled in their extent and per- 

 fection; but the expenses incident to such 

 an expedition had deterred him ; and he now 

 desired to dispose, if possible, of his collec- 

 tions on such terms as to be able to explore 

 Iceland, and study the habits of its rare birds. 

 While making arrangements for this purpose, 

 he fell in with an Englishman, named Galton, 

 who was about to go to South Africa, on a 

 hunting expedition, and invited Andersson to 

 accompany him, offering to bear all the ex- 

 penses of the j ourney. Andersson eagerly em- 

 braced this offer, and, sailing from England, in 

 the early spring of 1850, reached Cape Town 

 on the 24th of June in that year. For the next 



ANGLICAN CHURCHES. 



four years he was engaged, most of the time, 

 in hunting, and exploring the region lying 

 north of the Orange River, in South Africa, 

 and made many valuable contributions to our 

 knowledge of that country. F*>r the first 

 two years he was accompanied by his friend 

 Galton, but for the last two his only compan- 

 ions were his servants and the savages. He 

 visited Lake Ngami, which no European, ex- 

 cept Livingstone, had then explored ; reaching 

 it by a new route, and ascending the Tioge, its 

 principal northern affluent, for a considerable 

 distance. In 1855, he returned to England, 

 and published his " Lake Ngami ; or, Discov- 

 eries in Southwestern Africa," which was 

 eagerly sought after. But the love of adven- 

 ture was a ruling passion with him, and he 

 presently returned to South Africa, revisited 

 Lake Ngami, in 1858; ascended the Tioge 

 River to a higher point than before, and then, 

 in company with an English elephant-hunter, 

 Mr. Green, who still survives, made his way 

 up the Okavango, the principal tributary of 

 the Tioge, from the northwest, to about lat. 

 18 S., and long. 18 E. from Greenwich. 

 Here they left the river, and moving first 

 southwest, and then south-southeast, trav- 

 ersed the province of the Ovambo, one of the 

 principal red tribes of Herero-Land. At this 

 time no European, except the German mission- 

 ary Hugo Hahn, had visited this country. The 

 region visited by Andersson was only the north- 

 eastern portion of the country ; but he was 

 very favorably impressed by it. While here 

 he was severely injured by a wounded ele- 

 phant, and at first reported dead. He re- 

 covered, however, and published an account 

 of his discoveries, with the title " The Oka- 

 vango River, a Narrative of Travel." He re- 

 turned to Herero-Land again, we believe, in 

 1861, by way of Walfisch Bay, and ascended 

 the Zwachaub, a considerable distance. . After 

 exploring, with Mr. Hahn, various portions of 

 the country, he purchased from Tjikongo, the 

 King of Herero-Land, a large tract of land 

 near the capital, Ondonga, and commenced 

 breeding cattle on a large scale. The Nama- 

 quas made a raid upon his herds and drove 

 off a great number of cattle, and in his pur- 

 suit and battle with the marauders, to recover 

 his stolen property, he was severely wounded, 

 his thigh bone being shattered so badly as 

 to make him a cripple for life. He was re- 

 moved to Cape Town for surgical aid; but, 

 after his partial recovery, returned to Ondon- 

 ga, and undertook to furnish the materials for w 

 an " Illustrated Fauna of Southwestern Afri- 

 ca." He had made considerable progress on 

 this at the time of his death. 



ANGLICAN CHURCHES. The following 

 table, from the Church Almanac for 1869, 

 exhibits the number of clergymen, parishes, 

 communicants, teachers and scholars of Sun- 

 day-schools, and the amount of church, mis- 

 sionary and charitable contributions for -^ 

 diocese : 



